Iodine is an essential trace element for growth and development of fetus. More and more surveys currently show that the urinary iodine level of pregnant women is between 100 - 149 μg/L, which is lower than the level recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Under this level of iodine nutrition, different investigations have shown different effects on thyroid function of pregnant women, and the impact on growth and development of the fetus requires long-term objective evaluation. At present, there are three aspects: development, intelligence quotient (IQ), and psychological behavior. There are not many studies on comprehensive evaluation. This article combs the related published research to provide a reference for further clarifying the influence of iodine nutrition level during pregnancy on thyroid function of pregnant women and the growth and development of their offspring.

Objective To investigate the effect of biofilm cleaning agents and multienzyme cleaning agents in the cleaning of tubular instruments. Methods About 200 pieces of intramedullary nail used in tibial fracture and intramedullary nailing were selected and divided into multienzyme cleaning group and biomembrane cleaning group according to the order of recovery. According to the random number table method, each group had 100 pieces. The biofilm cleaning group was cleaned with biological membrane cleaning agent, and the multienzyme cleaning group was cleaned with multienzyme cleaning agent. The cleaning effect of luminal instruments was observed by means of microscopy, dipstick test and ATP bioluminescence assay. Result The cleaning quality and biofilm removal effect of the biofilm cleaning group were better than those of the multienzyme cleaning group (P<0.05). Conclusion Cleaning the luminal instruments with biomembrane cleaning agent can improve the cleaning quality and prevent the formation of bacterial biofilm.

Objective To observe the effect of magnetic attachments application on oral denture restoration .Methods A to-tal of 50 patients with overdenture restoration treatment in this department from April 2012 to April 2014 were enrolled .Abutment tooth were given magnetic attachments restoration after preparations .The masticatory efficiency ,patient satisfaction and post-resto-ration complication were observed and recorded .Results The immediate masticatory efficiency after magnetic attachments restora-tion (0 .65 ± 0 .09) was significant higher than that before restoration(0 .22 ± 0 .04) ,t= 20 .812 ,P< 0 .05 .After one-year′s magnetic attachments restoration ,masticatory efficiency(0 .71 ± 0 .13) was higher than that before restoration(t = 25 .060 ,P< 0 .05) .There was no statistic difference in magnetic attachments restoration between immediate masticatory efficiency and one-year masticatory efficiency(t= 0 .018 ,P> 0 .05) .There were 49 cases of immediate satisfaction and 1 case of satisfactory after restoration ,the patient satisfaction rate was 100% ,it was significant higher than that of before restoration(46% ) ,χ2 = 31 .815 ,P< 0 .05 .There were 45 ca-ses of satisfaction and 5 case of satisfactory after restoration ,the patient satisfaction rate was 100% ,it was significant higher than that of before restoration (χ2 = 31 .815 ,P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The masticatory efficiency could be improved significantly by mag-netic attachments to restore denture depletion or dentition defect ,compare with traditional denture ,it can significant shorten adapt time for patients ,and it can enhance patient satisfaction .It has wide prospect for future clinical application .

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of cardiovascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by wave intensity and tissue Doppler imaging.Methods According to the course of disease,30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided in to two groups:T2DM group 1,the course of disease between 1 year to 5 years; T2DM group 2,the course of disease was longer than 5 years.30healthy volunteers were considered as control group.The parameters of accelerating wave intensity(W1),decelerating wave intensity(W2),negative area(NA),time interval between the R-wave of ECG and the first peak(R-W1),the first and second peaks (W1-W2),elasticity modulus (Ep),stiffness index (β),arterial compliance(AC),pulse wave velocity(PWVβ) and intima media thickness (IMT) were calculated by wave intensity.The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular ejection time (LVET),early diastolic peak speed (E),late diastolic peak velocity (A),E / A and isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT) were detected by two dimensional echocardiography.Mitral annular early diastolic peak speeds (Em),late diastolic peak velocity (Am) and Em / Am were detected by tissue Doppler imaging.Then three groups data were recorded and compared.Results Compared with the control group,β,PWVβ,Ep in T2DM group increased significantly(P ＜0.01 or P ＜0.05),while AC decreased(P ＜0.05).IMT in T2DM group 2 was thicker significantly than the control group(P ＜0.01).PWVβ,Ep,IMT in T2DM group 2 were significantly higher than those of T2DM group 1 (P ＜0.05).W2 in T2DM group 2 was significantly higher than those of T2DM group 1 and the control group(P ＜0.01 or P ＜0.05).E/A,Em and Em/Am in T2DM group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01).Compared with T2DM group 1,Em in T2DM group 2 decreased significantly(P ＜0.05).In T2DM group,there were positive correlation between IMT and Ep,β,PWVβ (r =0.48,r =0.385,r =0.478,P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01),positive correlation between Em and E (r =0.404,P ＜0.05) ;positive correlation between Em/Am and E/Em,E/A (r =0.602,r =0.559,P ＜0.01) ; negative correlation between Em and IVRT (r =-0.653,P ＜0.01);positive correlation between W1 and LVEF (r =0.627,P ＜0.01); positive correlation between W1-W2 and lVET (r =0.847,P ＜ 0.01) ; no correlation between W2 and E/A,E/Em,Em/Am,IVRT(P ＞0.05).Conclusions The elasticity of carotid artery and the diastolic function of left ventricular decreased in T2DM patients,while the systolic function of left ventricular was normal.

BACKGROUND:The siphon of internal carotid artery is a complex of bending and surrounding structure, which has become a research hot in the field of medical imaging and regional anatomy. There is little research on the hemodynamics of internal carotid artery. Finite element analysis provides the basis for the related dynamics research. OBJECTIVE:To explicit the hemodynamic characteristics of the normal and stenosis internal carotid artery, and to explore the relevant influential factors. METHODS:Finite element model of the siphon of internal carotid artery was built based on 64-slice spiral CT data, and then, three-dimensional models were constructed using Mimics 10.01 software. There were simulations of the normal and post-stenosis blood flows with ANSYS 13.0 CFX software, to observe the changes of hemodynamics, and to analyze their characteristics and differences. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The normal blood flow at the siphon of internal carotid artery was in a laminar state, but rotation and turbulent flow formed at the two angle regions. The velocity of external bending zone was slower than that of the internal. The slower was the velocity, the more obvious was the turbulence. The wal shear force decreased at the angle regions, and the wal shear force of external bending zone was smal er than that of the internal. At the region of arterial stenosis, the blood flow was sped, and at the downstream, turbulent flow and low zone of wal shear force were formed. With the increase of stenosis severity, the turbulent flow and low wal shear force area were expanded. Central stenosis showed more obvious effects than the eccentric one. The degree of stenosis and bending at the siphon of internal carotid artery can directly influence the formation of turbulent flow and low wal shear force area, which are more obvious at the external bending zone and central stenosis.

Objective To evaluate the value of three-dimensional power Doppler imaging(3D-PDI) in the discrimination between benign and malignant endometrium in women with postmenopausal bleeding. Methods Eighty-four women with post menopausal bleeding who examined by 3D-PDI were enrolled. All patients scheduled for pathological examination were divided into benign group (30 cases with endometrial polyps and 34 cases with hyperplasia) and malignant group (20 cases with endometrial carcinoma). Endometrial volume, vascularity index ( VI) , flow index ( FI) and vascularity flow index ( VFI) were measured. The diagnostic value of parameters derived from 3D-PDI was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve. Results Differences of these parameters (VI, FI and VFI) were considered statistically significant between two groups, the parameters of endometrial volume had no significant differences between two groups; the area under ROC curve(AUC) of the meaningful data were 0.976,0.888 and 0.894 respectively. Among these parameters, VI had the highest diagnostic value for discriminating between benign and malignant endometrium, the cut-off value of which was 2. 97 with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 86%. Conclusions 3D-PDI is a good diagnostic tools in the discriminations between benign and malignant endometrium in women with postmenopausal bleeding.

Objective To evaluate the value of strain rate imaging(SRI)in quantitatively detecting regional function and synchronism of left ventricular(LV)in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM).Methods Twenty-one patients with HCM were divided into 3 groups by thickness of interventricular septum and left controls(216 segments)were performed echo examination.Tissue velocity imagings of all the patients and controls were accepted in apical four,long axis or two chamber views.The indies included:peak systolic strain rate (SRs),peak early diastolic strain rate(SRe),peak late diastolic strain rate(SRa)and SRe/SRa,time of to peak systolic strain rate(TSSR),coffieient of variation of TssR(CVTSSR),time of to peak early diastolic strain rate (TESR),cofficient of variation of TssR(CVTESR).Results Compared with controls,SRs,SRe and SRe/SRa of the three groups of HCM decreased significantly;SRe of the three groups of HCM decreased in order,NH＞MH＞ SH,but there was no significant difference of SRe/SRa between NH and MH group of HCM;compared with NH and MH,SRe/SRa of SH decreased significantly.Compared with controls,SRa of MH and SH decreased significantly,but there was no difference between NH and controls,and NH＞MH＞SH.Compared with controls,CVTSSR and CVTESR of patients with HCM increased significantly.Conclusions The regional function of LV in patients with HCM damaged with or without hypertrophy;synchronism existed in patients with HCM and all these can be evaluated quantitatively,accurately by SRI.

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether endometrial blood flow measured by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound can predict pregnacy after the treatment of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).MethodsNinty women who received the treatment of IVF-ET examined by threedimensional power Doppler imaging at the day of inject human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) were enrolled.All patients were divided into pregnancy group (43 cases,include biochemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy ) and non-pregnancy group(47 cases).The diagnostic value of parameters derived from threedimensional power Doppler imaging was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve.ResultsDifferences of these parameters,including vascularization index (VI),flow index(Fl) and vascularization flow index (VFI)were considered statistically significant between two groups,the parameters of uterine artery and endometrial volume had no significant differences between two groups.The area under ROC curve of VI,FI and VFI were 0.880,0.713 and 0.646,respectively.Among these parameters,VI had the highest diagnostic value for discriminating between benign and malignant endometrium,the cut-off value of which was 0.733 with a sensitivity of 84.2％.Conclusions Threedimensional power Doppler ultrasound was useful for evaluating endometrial blood flow in IVF-ET cycles.Endometrial blood flow parameters may be useful predictors for pregnancy.

Objective To explore the value of quantitive tissue velocity imaging(QTVI) in assessing the systolic myocardial function of adriamycin cardiomyopathy.Methods Conventional echocardiography and QTVI were performed in 7 rabbit models with adriamycin cardiomyopathy and 5 health rabbits as control.The basic segments of interventricular septum of apical 4-chamber view and left ventricular post wall of parastenal left ventricular long axis view were sampled to measure maximal velocity(VIVS,VLVPW),displacement(DIVS,DLVPW),strain rate(SRIVS) and strain(?IVS) in systole.Pre-eject period(PEP) and ratio of pre-eject period and eject time(PEP/ET) were measured with electrocardiography and Doppler spectrums of mitrial and aortic orifices.Results Compared with control,VIVS,DIVS,SRIVS,?IVS and VLVPW,DLVPW decreased(P0.05).Conclusions The indices of QTVI are more sensitive to evaluate systolic function changes than EF,and QTVI may be an optimal method to early diagnose and access of adriamycin cardiomyopathy.

Objective To explore the value of strain rate and dobutamine stress echocardiography(DSE) in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Methods High-dose DSE was performed in 18 patients with coronary heart disease and 10 healthy persons, proved by selected coronary angiography. Ten patients had single coronary lesion, and the other 8 patients had more. By strain rate technology, systolic peak strain rate(SR_ SYS ) was measured in 12 segments of healthy persons and ischemic segments of patients. Results SR_ SYS of healthy subjects enhanced by the increasement of dose of DSE. In patients with single coronary lesion, SR_ SYS enhanced on the first states of baseline, 10 and 20 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 ,while SR_ SYS changed non-significantly on 30 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 , and began to decrease on 40 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 . However in patients with more than one coronary lesions, SR_ SYS of 10 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 became larger than that of baseline, while SR_ SYS didn't increase any longer on 20 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 , and fell significantly on 40 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 . Conclusions Combining stain rate and DSE to quantify local myocardial motion is valuable to offer many important clinic messages, and improves the diagnosis of coronary heart disease.