BACKGROUND:Bone grafting is often needed in posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion, but bone mass is often not enough to finish this operation. Part of the autologous iliac bones from patients are needed to take as supplement. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety and effectiveness of application of nano-hydroxyapatite/colagen/ poly(L-lactide) for posterolateral lumbar spine fusion. METHODS:The clinical data of 52 patients with lumbar degenerative disease who had received the treatment in Meishan Orthopedics Hospital of Sichuan Province, China during February 2013 to February 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients al received posterolateral lumbar spine fusion with bone grafts made of autologous iliac bone particles and nano-hydroxyapatite/colagen/poly(L-lactide). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among the 52 patients, wound healing by primary intention occurred in 51 patients, increased skin temperature, skin sweling, pains and fluid leaking were not observed. The lumbar spine function and pain symptoms of patients al improved to different degrees after internal fixation, The posterolateral lumbar spine fusion rate was 13%, 54% and 84% at 3, 6 and 12 months after internal fixation respectively, and there was no pseudarthrosis. During the 12 months of folow-up period, no screw loose or displacement , adjacent segment slippage or displacement were observed in any patient. These results suggest that the application of nano-hydroxyapatite/colagen/poly(L-lactide) for posterolateral lumbar spine fusion can achieve good results. The nano-hydroxyapatite/colagen/poly(L-lactide) bone graft material is highly biocompatible and safe.