The prevalence of dilated cardiomyopathy （DCM） has been increasing year by year，which seriously endangers the physical and mental health of patients. Establishing an animal model that conforms to the clinical characteristics of the disease is a prerequisite for conducting experimental research on DCM. This study sorted out and summarized the commonly used DCM animal models and evaluated the degree of consistency between the models and clinical practice based on the etiology and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese and western medicine and clinical diagnostic criteria. The models with high consistency with western medicine include immune models，drug toxicity models，and tachycardia models，while the models with high consistency with traditional Chinese medicine include drug toxicity models，gene correlation models，and tachycardia models. With consideration of the characteristics of the symptoms，consistency，and their respective advantages and disadvantages，the more ideal models are drug toxicity models，tachycardia models，and gene correlation models. In addition to evaluating the clinical consistency of traditional Chinese and western medicine in DCM animal models，this study also analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of existing DCM animal models，existing problems，and observation indicators of the models and pointed out the lack of standardized and unified syndrome model differentiation standards. Due to the complexity of the disease and the unclear pathogenesis，there are few studies on DCM models，and there is room for improvement. On this basis，four improvement directions are proposed to make the animal models as close to the clinical pathological and physiological processes as possible，so that the combination of disease and syndrome in animal models is more practical. These animal models can provide an experimental basis for the pathogenesis，drug intervention，efficacy evaluation，and scientific research of DCM and better serve scientific research and clinical practice.