This article aims to describe the training and medical licensing system (uieop) for becoming a physician officer (uigwan) during Korea's Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). In the Goryeo Dynasty, although no license was necessary to provide medical services to the common people, there was a licensing examination to become a physician officer. No other national licensing system for healthcare professionals existed in Korea at that time. The medical licensing examination was administered beginning in 958. Physician officers who passed the medical licensing examination worked in two main healthcare institutions: the Government Hospital (Taeuigam) and Pharmacy for the King (Sangyakguk). The promotion and expansion of medical education differed depending on the historical period. Until the reign of King Munjong (1046-1083), medical education as a path to licensure was encouraged in order to increase the number of physician officers qualifying for licensure by examination; thus, the number of applicants sitting for the examination increased. However, in the late Goryeo Dynasty, after the officer class of the local authorities (hyangri) showed a tendency to monopolize the examination, the Goryeo government limited the examination applications by this group. The medical licensing examination was divided into two parts: medicine and 'feeling the pulse and acupuncture' (jugeumeop). The Goryeo Dynasty followed the Chinese Dang Dynasty's medical system while also taking a strong interest in the Chinese Song Dynasty's ideas about medicine.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Korea ; Licensure* ; Licensure, Medical ; Music ; Pharmacy

Objective. To compare the performance of graduates in a traditional curriculum and graduates in an organ system integrated curriculum from the same school on the national medical licensure examination. Methods. The scores of graduates of the University of the Philippines Manila College of Medicine in 2008, taught in the traditional medical curriculum were compared with those of the scores of graduates in 2009, taught under the organ system integrated curriculum, on the Physicians Licensure Examination (PLE) conducted by the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC). Average scores, and scores per subject were compared using t-test. Results. The graduates of the organ system integrated curriculum (2009) had higher average scores than the graduates of the traditional curriculum (2008). The former also had higher scores in Physiology, Legal Medicine, Pathology, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Pediatrics. The scores of the 2 groups were not significantly different in Biochemistry, Anatomy, Pharmacology and Medicine. The graduates of the traditional curriculum had higher scores in Microbiology and Preventive Medicine. Conclusion. The graduates of the organ system integrated curriculum (2009) had better over all performance in the physician licensure examinations than the graduates of the traditional curriculum (2008).
Human ; Male ; Female ; LICENSURE, MEDICAL ; LICENSURE

No abstract available.
Education, Medical, Undergraduate* ; Licensure*

No abstract available.
Accreditation ; Education, Medical ; Licensure

No abstract available.
Education, Medical* ; Licensure*

No abstract available.
Education, Medical* ; Licensure*

No abstract available.
Education, Medical* ; Licensure*

No abstract available.
Education, Medical* ; Licensure*

PURPOSE: In most emergency departments (EDs), primary care is managed by medically inexperienced interns or general physicians. The resulting reduction in the quality of management and the long time necessary to manage patients leads to overcrowding of the ED. Thus, effective ED management, which can be achieved through primary care by doctors with licenses of emergency medicine, is required. METHODS: The author performed a retrospective analysis and compared 475 patients who visited our hospital from June 20, 2000, to June 26, 2000, which was during the doctors' strike period (SP) to 234 patients who visited our hospital from June 22, 1999, to June 28, 1999, during the nonstrike period (NSP). RESULTS: The total of 475 patients during the SP is significantly higher than the total of 234 patients during the NSP (p<0.01). The mean of 1.58, for the number of emergency laboratory test per patient during the SP was significantly lower than the mean of 2.21 during the NSP. As to emergency mangagement cases during the SP compared to the cases during the NSP, the number of simple management cases increased and the number of complex management cases decreased. As to the patients' lengths of stay (LOS) in ED, 79 patients (63.7%) during the SP were admitted within 3 hours, while 305 patients (86.9%) during the SP were discharged within 3 hours, so significance difference is present between the two groups (p< 0.05 ). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that replacing residents with staff physicians results in fewer laboratory tests ordered, fewer radiologic studies ordered, and shorter lengths of stay in the ED.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Licensure ; Medical Staff* ; Primary Health Care ; Retrospective Studies ; Strikes, Employee

Since the currently increasing proportion of problem-solving test items in both National Board of Medical Licensure and Specialty Board Examinations, valid measurement of the examinee's professional c ompetence becomes the utmost concern in various quallification examinations in medical community. However, appropriate guideline with regard to its construction techniques has not been referred in the literature. This article identified the existing misconcept in test item construction among facullty members and described methods to upgrade the knowledge level of individual items. The author developed the baseline skills accompanied with examples for construction of test items in each determined level of knowledge, and introduced the conversion technique of recall-type items to problem-solving ones. Construction of more practical test items instead of theoretical items was emphasized with/without providing raw data or pictorials. Replacement of simpe, recall-type of test items with problem-solving ones in written examinations should be encouraged not only in the National Licesure and Specialty Board Examinations but also during every MD-programs. It is also stressed that the examination should reflect the situation much close to the real clinical setting by application of raw data/pictorials identical in practical clinical and laboratory situations which encourage the examinees to reinforce their learning habit form theory-based learning to problem-based ones.
Learning ; Licensure, Medical ; Specialty Boards