Objective To observe the efficacy,feasibility and safety of continous intravenous infusion of furosemide,dopamine combined with Shenmai on treatment of refractory heart failure. Methods Fifty-six patients with diuretic resistance and refractory heart failure were divided into control group(28 patients)and treatment group(28 patients)by random digits table. Conventional diuretics and other anti-heart failure treatment were used in two groups, meanwhile, continuous intravenous infusion of furosemide,dopamine and Shenmai were used in treatment group for 5-7 days. The clinical symptoms and signs, pulmonary edema in chest X-ray and the improvements of pulmonary congestion were observed before and after treatment. Results In treatment group, 10 patients were markedly effective, 14 patients were effective, and 4 patients were unfruitful. The total effective rate was 85.7%(24/28). In control group, 3 patients were markedly effective, 10 patients were effective, and 15 patients were unfruitful. The total effective rate was 46.4%(13/28). There was significant difference in total effective rate between two groups (P ＜ 0.05). The indexes of left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, fractional shortening, left ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac index were significantly improved in treatment group(P ＜ 0.05), but was not significantly improved in control group(P ＞ 0.05). After treatment,2 patients emerged hypokalemia and hyponatremia, after symptomatic treatment,they all recovered. Conclusion Conventional treatment combined with continuous intravenous infusion of furosemide,dopamine and Shenmai in patients with refractory heart failure is markedly effective, feasible and safe.

Ischemia-reperfusion injury can cause graft injury, and rapamycin, as an immunosuppressant commonly used clinically, show multiple effects on graft which after reperfusion. Here, we will review the role of rapamycin in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

This article reviews the progress of biomechanical studies on anterior cervical fusion and non-fusion surgery in recent years. The similarities and differences between animal and human cervical spines as well as the major three biomechanical test methods are introduced. Major progresses of biomechanical evaluation in anterior cervical fusion and non-fusion devices, hybrid surgery, coupled motion and biomechanical parameters, such as the instant center of rotation, are classified and summarized. Future development of loading method, multilevel hybrid surgery and coupling character are also discussed.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Humans ; Rotation ; Spinal Fusion ; methods

Objective To evaluate the effect of integrated schistosomiasis control in Shashi District from 2009 to 2013 so as to provide the evidence for the development and adjustment of schistosomiasis control strategies. Methods The data of inte-grated schistosomiasis control from 2009 to 2013 were collected and analyzed for the epidemic situations of human livestock and Oncomelania hupensis snails. Results From 2009 to 2013 the infection rates of human and cattle decreased from 2.24%and 1.92% to 0.63% and 0 with decrease rates of 71.88% and 100% respectively the area with snails decreased from 760.40 hm2 to 715.08 hm2 with a decrease rate of 5.69% the occurrence rate of frames with living snails and the average densi-ty of living snails decreased from 26.32%and 0.67 snail/0.1 m2 to 18.30%and 0.53 snail/0.1 m2 with decrease rates of 30.47%and 20.90% respectively. No infected living snails were found from 2012 to 2013. Conclusion The integrated schistosomiasis prevention and control strategies with emphasis on infectious source control could effectively reduce the infection rates of human and cattle as well as the snail situation.

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of baccalaureate nursing students' core competency,and supply scientific reference for sustainable development of nursing career.Methods From May to June 2013,totally 280 baccalaureate nursing students from a third-level hospital in Tianjin were tested by the Chinese version of CINS edited by Li-Ling Hsu.Results The score of nursing students' core competency was (5.379±0.744),and the highest score was the moral and responsibility ability dimension (5.840 ±0.827),the lowest score was the critical thinking ability dimension (4.794 ± 1.105).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that ever finishing homework and preparing for the exam carefully,deciding the service units after graduation and gender were the influencing factors of nursing students' core competency.Conclusions Nursing students' core competency needs to be further improved.Nursing educators and managers should pay more attention to cultivate the nursing students' core competency,and develop strategies to enhance the level of baccalaureate nursing students' core competency.

Objective To determine the impact of baccalaureate nursing students' psychological capital on core competency.Methods A total of 280 baccalaureate nursing students from a certain third-level and grade-A hospital in Tianjin were tested by the Chinese version CINS Scale and Chinese version of PsyCap Scale.The relationship between psychological capital and core competency was analyzed.Results The mean score of psychological capital was (4.365±0.773),the mean score of core competency was (5.379±0.744).There were significant positive correlations between psychological capital and core competency.Regression analysis showed that the self-efficacy,hope and optimism could explain 42.6％ of the variance for baccalaureate nursing students' core competency.Conclusions Nursing educator and administrator should focus on the shortcomings of psychological capital,and take effective measures to enhance nursing students' psychological capital and improve the level of core competency.

Objective:To provide anatomic data for accurately localizing aperture of sphenoidal sinus without injurying sphenopalatine arteries in endoscopic transsphenoidal sella surgery.Methods: The anterior walls of spheroid sinus were observed and measured(layout,position,external diameter,distances to other structures of interest) with a vernier caliper and an angle gauge on 15 adult cadavers.Results: The distances from the root of columella nasi to the inforior pole of sphenoidal sinus aperture and the sphenopalatine foramen were(60.40?3.21,58.10-72.76) mm and(62.14?1.93,59.50-73.40) mm,respectively.The distance from the inforior pole sphenoidal sinus aperture to the sphenopalatine foramen was(12.20?1.10,8.10-16.35) mm.The diameter of the sphenopalatine artery was(1.99?0.13,1.50-2.80) mm.The distances from the inforior pole of sphenoidal sinus aperture to the superior and inferior posterior artery of nasal septum were(3.49?0.24,2.78-5.20) mm and(6.42?1.08,(4.30-8.50)) mm,respectively.Conclusion: Aperture of sphenoidal sinus is an important marker in endosopic transsphenoidal sella surgery.The anterior wall of sphenoid sinus should be opened from the inforior pole of sphenoidal sinus aperture to avoid injurying sphenopalatine artery.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of inflammatory cytokine TNF-? and IFN-? on RANTES secretion in human kera-tinocyte(HaCaT)and the inhibition effect of naringin on induction mechanism by using acitretin as positive control.METHODS:The HaCaT cells were assigned into negative control group,model stimulation group(treated with TNF-?+IFN-?),acitretin pretreatment group(treated with TNF-?+IFN-?+acitretin),naringin pretreatment group(treated with TNF-?+IFN-?+naringin).The concentration of RANTES in HaCaT cells which were stimulated by cytokine TNF-? and IFN-? alone or together after acitretin and naringin were added into stimulators was determined by ELISA assay.The expressions of NF-?B P65 protein in HaCaT cells was detected with immunocytochemical method and Western blot method.RESULTS:The concenctration of RANTES in HaCaT cells which were stimulated by cytokine TNF-? or IFN-? alone or together increased;the greatest concentration was observed in model stimulation group(P

OBJECTIVE:To study the antipyretic,in vitro and in vivo bacteriostatic effects of XBT METHODS:Experimen_ts were carried out on a rat model of using dry-yeast as pyretogenic agent and by conventional in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial tests,and the antipyretic and bacteriostatic effects of XBT were observed RESULTS:XBT can significantly inhibit the pyretogenesis induced by dry-yeast in rats;The result of antimicrobial experiment showed that XBT could significantly inhibit ?-hemolytic streptococcus,?-hemolytic streptococcus,streptococcus pneumaniae,and staphylococcus aureus in vitro It showed protective effects on infection with ?-hemolytic streptococcus CONCLUSION:XBT have antipyretic and bacteriostatic effects

West syndrome is one of the most common refractory epileptic syndromes with onsets mostly in infancy.The prognosis is generally poor.The morbidity rate reported in the literature is 0.2‰ to 0.5‰.Hormonal therapies(Adrenocorticotropic hormone and glucocorticosteroid)are recommended as preferred treatment options for West syndrome.It can effectively control spasms, ameliorate recognition impairment, and improve developmental outcomes.The incidence of side effects after hormonal therapy are high, and irritation, hypertension and infection are frequently reported.In this paper, advances in therapeutic mechanism, usage and dosage, short-term effectiveness, long-term effectiveness, prognosis and adverse effects of hormonal therapies are reviewed.