Finite element is a common means to study pelvic biomechanics. This article introduces current methods to establish finite element model and application advances of the models in pelvis,and explores issues and future developing direction of pelvic finite element models.

The indices of the average level of major development and research capacity of the municipal Maternal and Child Health Institutions (MCH)in Sichuan Province were compared with the same indices of the national municipal MCH. we have noticed that the gap relating to the research capacity is significantly greater than the gap relating to the major development indices between Sichuan municipal MCH and the national municipal MCH. The result demonstrates the importance and necessity of strengthening the core subject construction in municipal MCH in Sichuan Province . Furthermore, it provides the ideas and methods of carrying out the core subject as references.

OBJECTIVE:Taking metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets as an example,to explore the value of speckle tracking imaging in therapeutic efficacy evaluation of CHF drugs. METHODS:68 CHF patients who had never underwent regular treatment were given Metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets and anti-heart failure agents for 3 months. NYHA classification, resting heart rate(RHR),6 min walk distance(6MWD)and conventional echocardiographic measurements were tested before and 1 and 3 months after treatment. Dynamic image were collected in the apical 2-chamber view,apical 4-chamber view and left ven-tricular long axis plane for speckle tracking imaging offline analysis. The left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) were measured. After 3 months of treatment,CHF patients were divided into standard group(group A,RHR 55-60 times/min)and non-standard group (group B,RHR>60 times/min) according to resting heart rate. The improvement of above indicators were com-pared between 2 groups,and that of LVGLS was also compared. RESULTS:After 1 month of treatment,RHR,LVEDd,LVEF and LVGLS of group A were improved significantly,compared with group B,with statistical significance (P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment,there was statistical significance in above indicators between 2 groups(P<0.05). In group A,RHR,6MWD and LVGLS improved significantly after 1 month of treatment,there was statistical significance,compared with before treatment (P<0.05);there was statistical significance in above indicators after 3 months of treatment,compared with before treatment and after 1 month of treatment (P<0.05). In group B,RHR and 6MWD improved significantly after one month of treatment;there was statistical significance,compared with before treatment(P<0.05);there was statistical significance in significant improvement of each indicator between after 3 months of treatment and before treatment (P<0.05);only there were statistical significance in RHR and NYHA grading,compared with after one month of treatment(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Speckle tracking imaging can early reflect the left ventricular function improvement of CHF patients after anti-heart failure treatment,especially in patients with RHR control standard earlier and more significant. Speckle tracking had good clinical application value in the follow-up treatment of heart failure as routine evaluation index.

Objective To investigate the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( OSAHS) associated with nasal resistance.Methods 30 cases with obstructive sleep apneahypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS ) in the OSAHS group, 30 cases with snoring but without OSAHS in the snoring group and 30 cases with normal group based on polysomnog-raphy were detected the nasal resistance.Results The index of thsnoring index[(42.7 ±27.3),(19.4 ±18.5), AHI(38.7 ±30.2),(5.9 ±1.6)and Resl+r(1.63 ±1.11)Pa· s-1· mL-1,(0.72 ±0.31)Pa· s-1· mL-1] in OSAS group and snoring group were significantly higher than those of the normal group ( t=6.451,7.444,7.698,all P<0.05);The index of lowest oxygen saturation ( SaO2 ) ,Flowl+r in OSAS group and thsnoring group were lower than that in normal group(t=7.551,7.334,all P<0.05);There were significant differences among groups of nasal resistance (t=7.451,8.144,8.608,8.904,all P<0.05);There were positive correlation between nasal resistance and snore index (r=5.658,P<0.01);The index of nasal resistance correlated with AHI index (r=0.002,P>0.05),wake times (r=0.083,P>0.05) and lowest SaO2(r=0.105,P>0.05)were not significantly correlated;The cases with OSAS cephalometric.The results suggest majority snoring symptoms significantly more at supine posi-tion in OSAS.Conclusion Nasal resistance increased,which may be associated with the occurrence in patients with OSAHS.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores in effectiveness evaluation of clinical studies.

METHODSRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TCM published in five journals in 2013 were retrieved, including Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine (JTCM), Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine (CJITWM), Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine (CJIM), Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (ECAM), and American Journal of Chinese Medicine (AJCM). The details of TCM syndrome scores and other relevant factors reported in articles were extracted and analyzed. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to describe general features of inclusive studies, ratios of reports on CM syndrome scores in each journal, formulated evidence, adopted evaluation rules, important degrees. The difference in the application rate of CM syndrome scores were compared in various diseases, diseases with or without CM syndrome typing, places where clinical studies were implemented, and different journals.

RESULTSA total of 240 RCTs were included, involving 178 published in Chinese version and 62 in English version. CM syndrome scores were used for effectiveness evaluation in 27.1% (65/240) of RCTs, of which, the highest application percentage was 35.3% (18/51) in RCTs published in CJITWM, and the lowest was 0 (0/7) in RCTs published in AJCM. There were 17 methods for grading TCM syndrome scores, of which Guideline for Clinical Research of New Chinese Herbal Medicine was most commonly used. Detailed grading standards for CM syndrome scores were reported in 46 RCTs, and CM syndrome scores were taken as primary or secondary outcomes in 6 RCTs. When describing the percentages of RCTs adopting TCM syndrome score by diseases classification, the lowest was 9.5% (2/21) in mental and behavioral disorders, and the highest was 39.1% (9/23) in endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases. RCTs with TCM syndrome differentiation had a higher percentage of adopting TCM syndrome score than those without TCM syndrome differentiation (P < 0.01). Statistical differences were also found among RCTs published in Chinese core journals (32.0%), domestic science citation index (SCI) journals (28.6%), and overseas SCI journals (4.9%) (χ2 = 12.4593, P < 0.01). For RCTs conducted by Chinese scholars, the percentage of using TCM syndrome score was 32.0% in three journals from China, while 7.1% in two foreign language journals, showing significant difference (χ2 =7.3615, P < 0.01); none of RCTs conducted by foreign scholars used TCM syndrome scores for effectiveness assessment.

CONCLUSIONSThere was a lack of agreeable and universal standards for TCM syndrome scores using in effectiveness evaluation. Therefore, it was not commonly used in domestic CM clinical studies. It was not so favorably agreed in overseas academic circles.

Some managers and medical personnel in the institutions of maternal and child health were lack of ethical awareness.Their awareness about the protection of rights and interests of the subjects,informed consent,and research medical safety were not enough.There arised some ethical problems in reproductive medicine,prenatal diagnosis,new technology and new project review,and scientific research project application.Based on cause analysis,this paper put forward the corresponding countermeasures.Researchers should recognize the importance of medical research management and ethics review.It should strengthen the training of research ethics for hospital managers and researchers,meanwhile,strengthen the construction of ethics committee,strengthen the tracking and governance,and make good use of education and assessment measures,in order to promote the healthy development of maternal and child health medical research.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemorheology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; blood ; drug therapy

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect and effects on coagulation indexes ofXuefu Zhuyu Capsules combined with chemotherapy in treating patients with mid-advanced small cell lung cancer (SCLC).Methods Totally 100 patients with mid-advanced SCLC were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 50 cases in each group. The observation group was given EP chemotherapy combined withXuefu Zhuyu Capsules, while the control group was given EP chemotherapy for 4 cycles. The coagulation indexes of two groups before and after treatment were observed, and the clinical efficacy and TCM syndrome efficacy were evaluated.Results After treatment, the tumor volume and TCM syndrome scores of two groups were lower than those before treatment (P<0.01), and the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.01). The effective rate of the observation group was 100%, higher than 88% of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The improvement rate of TCM syndrome score was 98% in the observation group, and was 84.0% in the control group. The observation group was superior to the control group (P<0.05). In observation group, D-dimer, platelet count and fibrinogen after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01), and were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference of all kinds of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion EP chemotherapy combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Capsules can improve hypercoagulable state in patients with SCLC, improve the effect of chemotherapy, and do not increase the adverse reactions.

Objective To discuss the sedative and hypnotic effect of Jiaotai Pills on insomnia in PCPA rat model .Methods The PCPA ( PCPA acid) rats insomnia model was established, and the rats were divided into the model group, high, middle and low dosage of Jiaotai Pills group, and diazepam positive control group.The high performance liquid detective method was adopted to observe the effect of Jiaotai Pills on rat insomnia and hypothalamus neurotransmitters 5-HT and GABA.Results Compared with the model group, there existed significant difference in the insomnia state of rats and the central neurotransmitters 5 -HT in the high and middle dosages of Jiaotai Pill group and diazepam group.However, in the comparison of the high and middle dosages of Jiaotai Pill group and the model group, there was no significant difference in GABA in the central nervous system .Conclusion Jiaotai Pills has sedative and hypnotic efficacy.Its mechanism may be related to the effects of central neurotransmitter 5 -HT.Its relationship with GABA in the central nervous system is not obvious.The research has significant influence on the further development of Jiaotai Pills.

OBJECTIVE:To study the mechanism of autophagy of HeLa cell in human cervical cancer induced by fucoxanthin. METHODS:MTT was adopted to determine the cell activity and calculate the inhibition rate after HeLa cells were cultured by 1, 10,20,40 and 80 μmol/L of fucoxanthin for 48 h. Flow cytometry was used to determine the cell cycle and apoptosis rate after HeLa cells were cultured by 0(blank control),10,20 and 40 μmol/L of fucoxanthin for 48 h;acridine orange staining,LysoTrack-er Red staining,HeLa-GFP-LC3 method and fluorescence microscope were used to observe the autophagy state;Western blot was used to determine the expressions of proteins related to autophagy. RESULTS:The cells had obvious inhibition effect on the cell growth after being cultured by 0,10,20,40 and 80 μmol/L of fucoxanthin. The cell was blocked in G0/G1 stage after being cul-tured by 10,20 and 40μmol/L of fucoxanthin,and had no obvious effect on the apoptosis rate;autophagy degree was increased af-ter the cells were cultured by 40 μmol/L fucoxanthin for 48 h. Compared with blank control,40 μmol/L fucoxanthin could promote LC3Ⅰ transferring into LC3Ⅱ and the expressions of Beclin-1,PTEN,p21;and inhibit the phosphorylation of p-Akt,p-p70S6K and p-mTOR. The pre-treatment by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(5 mmol/L)could reverse the autophagy of HeLa cells in-duced by fucoxanthin;U0126 could partly reverse the autophagy of HeLa cells induced by fucoxanthin. CONCLUSIONS:Fucoxan-thin can induce the authphagy of HeLa cells by inhibiting Akt signaling pathway and activating MEK/ERK signaling pathway.