Objective To investigate the value of three-dimension (3D) ultrasound in identification of benign or malignant gastric ulceration. Methods A total of 88 patients with gastric ulcer were collected in Tianjin Nankai Hospital from March 2014 to May 2015, including 36 malignant cases and 52 benign cases confirmed by pathological results. Results of 2D ultrasound, 3D ultrasound and gastroscope diagnosis were compared, and the diagnostic values of the three methods were evaluated by the gold standard of pathologic results. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for the main measurement indicators (ulcer surface width, ulcer surface depth and thickness of stomach wall) of 3D ultrasound. The best cut-off value was determined. Results The positive rate of malignant gastric ulcer diagnosed by 3D ultrasound was significantly higher than that of 2D ultrasound (P=0.002), but there was no significant difference between 3D ultrasound and gastroscope detection (P=0.453). The diagnostic sensitivities of malignant gastric ulcer were 86.11%, 58.33%and 91.67%for 3D ultrasound, 2D ultrasound and gastroscope detection respectively. The diagnostic specificities were 100%, 100%and 96.15% respectively. The areas under the ROC curves measured by 3D ultrasound were 0.750, 0.940 and 0.977 for ulcer surface width, ulcer surface depth and thickness of stomach wall. And the best cut-off values of the three indicators were 16.55 mm, 8.05 mm and 9.90 mm. Conclusion The 3D ultrasound can show the form and structure of gastric ulcer more clearly and intuitively, which is valuable for the differential diagnosis of benign gastric ulcer and malignant gastric ulcer, and may be used for screening malignant gastric ulcer.

Liver fibrosis is a major cause of morbidity and mor-tality worldwide which poses a great threat to public health. Con-siderable evidence suggests that the immune system is closely re-lated to the development of hepatic fibrosis especially the dendrit-ic cells ( DCs) . In recent years, many studies have showed that DCs play a key role in regulating the immune function of liver, which not only mediate the activation of the immune system and inflammation reaction in liver, but influence the occurrence and development of liver fibrosis. Further study has found that DCs exert different effects on liver fibrosis at different stages of the disease, and it exerts anti-fibrosis in early stages and recession period, while plays opposite effect in the middle of the disease. This article reviews the research progress of the role of DCs in liver fibrosis and discusses the underlying mechanisms of DCs in regulation of liver fibrosis, which may provide references for bas-ic and clinical studies of liver fibrosis.