Neuron specific enolase (NSE) is a glycolytic enzyne,which is localized specifically to the neuronal cytoplasm and has been proposed as a biochemical marker of neuronal cell damage.This article summarizes research on NSE in blood diseases from the present literatures.

Objective To study the expression and roles of miR-31-5p in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods miR-31-5p in AML patients were evaluated by real-time PCR;THP-1 cells were transfected with the miR-31-5p mimic and control, respectively.The effects of over-expression of miR-31-5p were examined by CCK-8 and FACS analysis;Dual-luciferase and Western blot were performed to detect target gene HuR expression.The effects of knock-down of HUR were also examined by CCK-8 and FACS analysis.Results miR-31-5p was down-regulated in AML patients compared to the normal control.Over-expression of miR-31-5p in THP-1 cells reduces cell proliferation and accelerates monocytic differentiation.miR-31-5p could target HuR, and knock-down of HuR inhibits cell proliferation and attenuates monocytic differentiation in THP-1 cells.Conclusions miR-31-5p may regulate AML cell proliferation and monocytic differentiation by targeting HuR.

The peripherally inserted central catheter occlusion is not rare in adults.Its occurence is related with the catheter's tip position,catheter type and the skills of medical staff.Personnel training is particularly important in the prevention of occlusion.Urokinase and heparin can be used for thrombolysis.

Objective To study the developmental patterns and aging characteristics of anterior sacral foramina and posterior sacral forami-na in adolescents aging from 12 to 18 years old through CT imaging scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction measurement,and to provide the anatomical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of sacral vertebra diseases.Methods The 30 adolescents without any the problems of nerv-ous system were selected to conduct 64-slice spiral CT in the pelvic cavity.The original data were input into three-dimensional reconstruction software Mimics with the form of DICOM,and the relevant indicators were measured and analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in the height,width and distance of inner edge of anterior sacral foramina and the posterior sacral foramina in different gender and sides (P >0.05).The physical development of human increases gradually with age and there were significant differences.Conclusion There is a regular change process in the relevant indicators of anterior sacral foramina and posterior sacral foramina in adolescents.But the clinical appli-cation must be combined with the results of individual imaging,the technology of reverse engineering and the support of rapid prototype manu-facturing so as to meet the satisfactory results of individualized treatment.

Objective To examine the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in patients with remission diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL),and to explone its prognostic value.Methods Serum NSE values were mesured by electmchemilumineseence immunoassay in 20 health donors and 40 DLBCL patients reached remission after 6-8 cycles of chemotherapy after initial diagnosis.Results Positive expressions rate of NSE in remission DLBCL patients was 50 ％,and was 10 ％ in health donors (P ＜ 0.01).In remission DLBCL patients,there was significant difference in the 2-year PFS rate between in NSE-positive group and negative group (6.6 ％ vs 20.9％,P ＜ 0.001).Serum NSE was an independent poor prognostic factor in remission DLBCL patients.Conclusion Serum NSE expressions is an independent poor prognostic factor of remission DLBCL and has significant clinical value.

ObjectiveTo observe the expression of nerve growth factor(NGF)and its receptors (TrkANGFRand P75NTR) in hepatocytes and to explore the biological effects of exogenous P75NTR protein on hepatocytes.MethodsL02 hepatocytes were cultured in vitro.The expression of NGF,TrkANNGFR and P75NTR in L02 cells were assessed by immunocytochemistry and fluorescent quantitation polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The effects on L02 cell proliferation by exogenous P75NTR,NGF,NGF+ P75NTR,anti-TrkANGFR and anti-P75NTR were detected by XTT assay.The effect of exogenous P75NTR on L02 cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry (Annexin V/PI) and the effect of exogenous P75NTR on L02 cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry (PI).ResultsL02 cell proliferation was promoted by P75NTR and in dose-dependent manner.The A value of NGF group and NGF+ P75NTR group was 0.4916±0.0565 and 0.5839 ± 0.0733,respectively,and there was statistical significance compared with control group (0.3601 ± 0.0310,P＜0.05).The A value ot anti-TrkANGFR group was 0.2689±0.0229,and there was statistical significance compared with control group (P=0.003).The A value of anti P75NTR was 0.3524 ± 0.0312,and there was no statistical significance compared with control group (P=1.000). Exogenous P75NTR had anti-apoptosis effect on L02 cells,the antiapoptosis effect was strongest when 100 ng/ml P75NTR was added and the expression quantity was 3.70 ±0.26.However there was no statistical significant compared with control group (4.10 ± 0.62,P=1.000).P75NTR affected the cell cycle S phase of L02 cells and in dose-dependent manner,which was inverted U shaped curve.The effect was strongest when the concentration was 100 ng/ml (25.60 ±0.40) and there was statistical significance compared with control group (20.10 ±1.00,P=0.000).Exogenous NGF,P75NTR and NGF + P75NTR up regulated the gene expression of NGFmRNA,TrkANGFRmRNA and P75NTR mRNA in L02 cells and there was statistical significance compared with control group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the gene expression of NGFmRNA,TrkANGFFR mRNA and P75NTR mRNA between anti-TrkANGFR,anti-P75NTR groUp and control group (P＞0.05).Conclusion NGF and its receptors TrkANGFR and P75NTR were expressed in L02 cells.The appropriate dose of exogenous P75NTP protein promoted L02 cells proliferation via TrkANGFR/P75NTR heterodimer signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)therapy of postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) in children. Method Ten children, who had post-infectious BO from February 2009 to February 2010, received BAL therapy, and were retrospectively analyzed. The data included pathology,chnical feature,chest HRCT scan, BALF cellular, levels of blood T cell subtypes and outcome of BAL therapy. Results Adenoviruses or mycoplasma pneumoniae were the most common etiologic agents (4/10, respectively). All patients presented persistent or recurrent dyspneic respirations and wheezing since the initial lung infection. The findings of HRCT included mosaic pattern of perfusion (6/10), accompanied by gas retention,bronchiectasis, atelectasis and bronchial wall thickening. The percentage of neutrophils in BALF was significantly increased in all cases (10/10). There were predominance of CD8+ T cell subtype (9/10) and lower ratio of CD4 +/CD8+ ( 10/10)in blood. Reduced symptoms and shortened hospital stay of BO in 9 of all 10 cases were observed after BAL therapy. Conclusions Severe adenovirus or mycoplasma pneunoniae bronchiolitis and/or pneumonia has higher risk for developing BO in children. Increased percentage of neutrophils in BALF and predominance of CD8 +T cell subtype may play an important role in the mechanism of BO. BAL therepy can reduce the respiratory symptoms of BO in children.

Objective To study the developmental patterns and aging characteristics of lumbar pedicle morphology in the adolescents aging from 12~18 years old,and to provide the anatomical basis for image and three-dimensional analysis of the treatment and prevention of spinal diseases. Methods the 30 adolescents with normal spines and without any the problems of nervous system were selected to do thin spiral CT scan that the range was lumbar. The original data imported into three-dimensional reconstruction software with the form of DICOM were to measure and analyze statistically the relevant indicators according to gender and age. Results There was no significant difference in the pedicle height,pedicle width and length of form screw entry point to vertebral anterior cotrex,which were not influenced by age and gender (P>0. 05). The physical development of human increases gradually with age and has some significant differences. Conclusion A regular change process is displayed to provide references for clinic. But it must be combined with the results of individual imaging and the technology of reverse engineering and the support of rapid prototype manufacturing. Only in this way can it meet the satisfaction of individualized treatment.

Objective To study the pedicle of lumbosacral developmental patterns and aging characteristics by means of studying the ado-lescents aging from 12~18 years old,and provide the basis for image and three-dimensional analysis of the treatment of spinal diseases. Meth-ods Select the 30 normal spines of adolescents without any the problems of nervous system,who did thin spiral CT scan of lumbosacral verte-brae. The original data in the form of DICOM were put into three-dimensional software to do the relevant measurement and analyzed according to gender and age. Results There were no significant differences between the pedicle of lumbosacral E/F angle and DSP /DNP and these differ-ences were not influenced by age and gender(P>0. 05). The physical development of human increases gradually with age and has some signifi-cant differences. Conclusion A regular change process and operation in the region value in patients with lumbarsacrum is displayed. But it must be combined with the results of individual imagine and the technology of reverse engineering and the support of rapid prototype manufactur-ing. Only in this way can it meet the satisfaction of individualized treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of NGF on apoptosis of HSC in vitro and explore the possible mechanism.MethodsHSC was incubated with different concentrations of NGF.HSC apoptosis was identified by FCM.The expressions of apoptosis-regulating proteins Caspase-3,p53 and Bcl-2 of HSC after apoptosis induced by NGF were examined by immunohistochemical staining.Expressions of NGF and p75NTR were detected by immunofluorescence.ResultsApoptosis index of HSC was higher than that of control group [(22.36±9.51)％ vs (5.88±1.36)％] after treated with NGF (100 ng/ml) (P＜0.05).After incubating with 100 ng/ml NGF for 24 h,the positive expression rates of p53 and Caspase-3 of HSC increased significantly than those of control group [(78.41±4.00)％ vs (34.96±3.84)％,(39.26±1.57)％ vs (9.27±1.01)％,P ＜0.05].The positive expression rate of Bcl-2 protein of HSC significantly decreased compared with that of control group (18.12±1.38)％ vs (91.53±2.98)％ (P＜0.05).When HSC was stimulated with 100 ng/ml NGF for 24 h,the average optical density of NGF increased significantly than control group (6.53±1.40 vs 1.77±0.17) (P＜0.05),while the expression of p75NTR was not significantly changed (3.52±0.36 vs 4.24±0.38) (P＞0.05).ConclusionsThe mechanism of NGF to induce HSC apoptosis may be associated with the up-regulating expression of Caspase3,P53 and down-regulating expression of Bcl-2 on HSC.NGF could be used as an initiating factor and effect factor to increase the expression of NGF on HSC,but it had no significant effect on p75NTR expression.