Objective:To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of rectus abdominis muscle separation in postpartum women.Methods:The clinical data of 3 368 postpartum women who underwent postpartum physical examination in Shenzhen Longgang maternal and child health hospital from June to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The general data, rectus abdominis separation and pelvic organ prolapse were collected for cross-sectional investigation.Results:The incidence of rectus abdominis separation in postpartum women was 60.7% (2 045/3 368). <30 years old, ≥30 years old (56.8% (856/1 507) and 63.9% (1 189/1 861), χ2=17.54)). The increase of body mass during pregnancy was <16 kg, ≥16 kg (59.1% (1 351/2 285) and 64.1% (694/1 083), χ2=7.57)). Spontaneous labor and cesarean section (55.7% (1 262/2 266) and 71.7% (790/1 102), χ2=77.87)). Pregnancy 1, 2, ≥3 times (53.9% (645/1 196), 62.1% (702/1 131) and 67.1% (698/1 041), χ2=41.48). Production for 1, 2, ≥3 times (53.9% (877/1 628), 67.0% (1 016/1 517) and 68.2% (151/223), χ2=62.09)). History of macrosomia (68.7% (160/233) and 60.1% (1 885/3 135), χ2=6.64)). Prolapse of anterior vaginal wall (75.2% (1 559/2 072) and 37.5% (486/1 296), χ2=476.15), there were significant differences in the incidence of rectus abdominis separation (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that ≥ 3 times pregnancies ( OR=1.572,95% CI=1.270-1.945),cesarean section ( OR=2.440,95% CI=2.050-2.905),macrosomia ( OR=1.660,95% CI=1.213-2.273), anterior vaginal prolapse( OR=7.324,95% CI=6.083-8.819) were risk factors of diastasis recti abdominis (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of rectus abdominis separation in postpartum women is high. Three or more pregnancies, cesarean section, history of macrosomia and prolapse of anterior vaginal wall play an important role in the occurrence of rectus abdominis separation.