Cancer stem cells located in specific microenvironment,that play an important role in the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells.Hypoxia is one of the important features of tumor tissue microenvironment.A series of studies results show that the hypoxic microenvironment of tumor stem cells could promote tumor metastasis,which provides new clues for understanding tumor pathogenesis and tumors treatment.

MicroRNA (miRNA) controls the proliferation of breast cancer cells in many ways such as cell apotosis,cell cycle and methyltransferase.Also,it controls the metastasis of breast cancer cells in many ways such as microenvironment,epithelial-mesenchymal transition and vessel formation.Large amounts of recent studies indicate that miRNAs are specifically expressed in breast cancer tissue and play important roles in proliferation,metastasis and treatment of breast cancer.

The development and progression of gastric cancer is a multi-factor,multi-gene,multi-stage and multi-approach sequential process.Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)is so far the first discovery of a dual specificity phosphatase activity of the tumor suppressor gene,which regulates the cell cycle and multiple signaling pathways of gastric cancer and plays an important role in the development and progression of gastric cancer.Further studies on PTEN will provide a new way for the early diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer.

Lgr5 is one of the G protein-coupled receptors families, the newest research displays that it has the potency as the special marker of stem cell, it also has a great relationship with tumor formation and development. Lgr5 may be a marker of tumor stem cells, and can be the new treatment target.

Ebosin is a novel exopolysaccharide produced by Streptomyces sp.139 with remarkable activity against rheumatic arthritis in vivo. In this paper, we reported effects of Ebosin on the inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) in THP-1 cells. With the special fluorogenic peptide as substrates, the enzymatic activities of interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) and TNFalpha-converting enzyme (TACE) were inhibited by Ebosin separately. Using the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), the mRNA synthesis of the three cytokines were identified decline separately by Ebosin. The secretion quantum of three cytokines in THP-1 cells with Ebosin was lower than that of normal THP-1 cells determined by ELISA assay and Western blotting. All of these results showed that Ebosin has remarkably suppressed synthesis of the three cytokines in THP-1 cells through different pathways. The primary study of Ebosin on anti-inflammation mechanism was promoted developing the new drugs treating rheumatic arthritis.

0.05).Ambulation scores revealed significant difference (P

Objective To develop an auxiliary recovering device for prone position nursing after the retina vitrectomy in order to improve comfort and treatment compliance.Methods The device was made of stainless steel,and consisted of a base,pulleys,supporting rods and a placing case.Totally 40 patients receiving retinal detachment operation were divided into an experimental group and a control group.The patients in the experimental group applied the auxiliary device and the ones in the control group underwent conventional nursing,and then a 2-week observation was executed on the prone time,overall satisfaction and adverse response after the operation.Results The device behaved well in prone time,patient comfort and satisfaction,and the experimental group gained advantages over the control group in prone time,relieving muscle pains,arthralgia,poor breath,anxiety and insomnia.Chi-square test proved the experimental group had the patient satisfaction significantly enhanced when compared with the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The device can be used for auxiliary nursing after retinal detachment operation with simple structure,easy operation and high comfort,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

AIM:To study the application of ultrasonic extraction in process of extracting diosgenin from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright,and to evaluate its merits.METHODS:A new process of ethanol extracting and hydrochloric acid hydrolysis was provided to extraction diosgenin,and five different extraction methods were studied and compared,and the reaction mechanism was discussed.RESULTS:The ultrasonic extraction method was more efficient.Compared with the traditional water-hydrolylis,extraction rate was 15 percent higher,dosage of hydrochloric acid was registered 90 percent decrease,and the production was purer.CONCLUSION:The grinding pretreatment of Dioscorea zingiberensis is help to enhance the effects of ultrasonic extraction,the method has some advantages in efficiency,energy-saving and low pollution.

The high mobility group A2 (HMGA2),one of non-histone chromatin protein,can specificly bind to AT-rich DNA sequences by its AT-hook and work as oncofetal gene and architectural transcription factor.HMGA2 expresses in almost all kinds of malignant neoplasms,which is closely related to the formation,development and poor prognosis of the neoplasms.HMGA2 plays a very important role in every biological process including cell proliferation,cell cycle,stem cell self-renewal,epithelial-mesenchymal transition and DNA damage repair.It is of great significance to study the effect and mechanism of HMGA2 in neoplasms.

Objective We compare the effects of fibrinogen gel and chitin on BMSCs to chondrocytes differentiation in order to explore the relationship between three-dimensional scaffold and cartilage tissue engineering seed cells BMSCs differentiation. Methods BMSCs together with chitin and fibrin gel complexes were cultured in vitro and implanted into rat's articular cartilage defect location. After 14 days in vitro culture, HE staining, toluidine blue staining and type II collagen immunohistochemical staining were performed;After transplantation in vivo, for 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks, morphology observations, expression of cartilage-specific protein analysis and BMSCs in vivo tracer method were performed. We analyzed the differentiation of BMSCs into chondrocytes by statistical methods. Results The comparison of positive cell rate of type II collagen immunohistochemical staining in BMSCs-fibrin gel group and BMSCs-chitin group which were cultured in vitro, showed no significant difference with control group. Integrated absorbance(IA) change rate of toluidine blue staining and type II collagen immunohistochemical staining in BMSCs-fibrin gel group which was cultured in vivo, showed significantly different with other groups and control group.Conclusion The results showed that in vitro fibrin gel or chitin has very weak induction of BMSCs to cartilage differentiation, while in vivo BMSCs-fibrin gel can facilitrate BMSCs to differentiate into chondrocyte-like cells.