Objective:To explore the reproductive concerns of male thyroid cancer patients of childbearing age and analyze their influencing factors.Methods:From May 2022 to August 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 298 male thyroid cancer patients of childbearing age who visited two ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Wuhan as research subjects. General Information Questionnaire, Reproductive Concerns after Cancer Scale-Male, Distress Disclosure Index, and 14-Item Resilience Scale were used for the survey. Single factor analysis and multiple linear hierarchical regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of reproductive concerns.Results:A total of 275 male thyroid cancer patients of childbearing age were included. The total scores of reproductive concerns, self-disclosure, and psychological resilience were (47.66±11.44), (37.22±5.80), and (62.45±8.73), respectively. The score of reproductive concerns was negatively correlated with the scores of self-disclosure and psychological resilience, and the difference was statistically significant ( r=-0.636, -0.656; P<0.01). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that educational level, monthly family income, number of children, fertility intention, 131I treatment, self-disclosure, and psychological resilience were the influencing factors of reproductive concerns in male thyroid cancer patients of childbearing age ( P<0.05). After controlling for demographic and sociological data, self-disclosure and psychological resilience explained 8.6% of reproductive concerns among male thyroid cancer patients of childbearing age. Conclusions:Male thyroid cancer patients of childbearing age have a moderate to high level of reproductive concerns. Medical and nursing staff should develop systematic and effective intervention strategies based on influencing factors to reduce reproductive concerns among male thyroid cancer patients of childbearing age.