Objective: To investigate the effect of vitamin E (VE) and selenium (Se) on liver fibrosis and antioxidative function in the carbon tetrachloride induced rats. Methods: 48 normal male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (16 rats / group): intervention group, pathological group and control group. The control group was injected with normal saline; the others were given intraperitonally CCl 4 (diluted with an equal volume of olive oil). The rats in the intervention group were fed with chow supplemented with VE (250 mg/kg) and Se(0.2 mg/kg), and the others were given standard chow. All rats were put to death after 8 w injection. Tissue sections were stained with routine HE and Masson trichrome collagen; the markers of liver fibrosis and antioxidative function were detected and the changes of these markers were observed. Results: As compared with rats in pathological group, a lower degree of fiber proliferation occurred in the rats in intervention group. The serum levels of ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and the content of hydroxyproline in the liver tissue were significantly lower; the rats in intervention group had a higher ability of anti oxidation, and the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) in the liver tissue and serum and GPX (glutathione peroxidase) in erythrocyte were higher, and the MDA (malondialdehyde) levels in tissue and serum levels were significantly lower. Conclusion: The adequate dietary supplement of VE and selenium could elevate the ability of anti oxidation and the proliferative degree of collagenous fibers in liver was significantly reduced.

Objective To comparatively analyze the HIV disease progression and the death situa-tion between injecting drug users (IDUs) with HIV infection and those with HIV/HCV co-infection.Meth-ods The counts of CD4+T cells were collected through a retrospective study and the data about death situa-tion were collected with follow-up cards from 2006 to 2014 .A statistical analysis was conducted for the two groups .Results Among the 175 cases with HIV infection , the average value of primary CD 4+T cell counts was 370 cell/μl and 25.71%of them, primary CD4+T cell counts were less than 200 cell/μl.The average change rate of CD4+T cell counts was -1.50 cell/μl in month.The annual mortality rate was 18.18%. Among the 325 cases with HIV/HCV co-infection, the average value of primary CD4+T cell counts was 420 cell/μl and 20.45%of them, primary CD4+T cell counts were less than 200 cell/μl.The average change rate of CD4+T cell counts was -2.76 cell/μl in month.The annual mortality rate was 32.14%.The differ-ences between the groups were significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with patients with HIV infec-tion, those with HIV/HCV co-infection showed significantly decreased CD 4+T cell counts , resulting in a faster disease progression and a faster death .It was urgent for the management department to work out HIV prevention and therapeutic measures .

Objective: To investigate the effect of zinc supplementation on expression of MT-1 and MT-2 mRNA in placenta and small intestine of pregnant rats. Method: Eighteen healthy pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into two groups,normal control (ZC) and zinc supplement group (ZS). Rats in both groups were fed the same normal diet. Rats in ZC group drank deionized water and those in ZS group drank the water supplemented with 1.26 mmol/L Zn. At gestational 9.5d and 17.5d, serum zinc was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the expression of MT-1 and MT-2 mRNA of placenta and small intestine was examined by RT-PCR. Results: Serum zinc levels at gestational 9.5d and 17.5d were higher in ZS group. Relative expression of both MT-1 and MT-2 mRNA in placenta, MT-1 mRNA at gestational 17.5d and MT-2 mRNA at each time point were higher in ZS group. At gestational 9.5d, there was no difference between two groups in expression of MT-1 mRNA. Conclusion: The expression of MT-1 and MT-2 mRNA in placenta and small intestine was up-regulated by dietary zinc supplementation during pregnancy.

Objective:To investigate the effect of zinc supplementation on the expression profile of zinc transporters mRNA in placenta and small intestine of pregnant rats.Method:Eighteen pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into normal control(ZC)and zinc supplement group(ZS).Rats in ZC group drank deionized distilled water while those in ZS group drank water supplemented with zinc of 1.26 mmol/L.Placenta and small intestine were taken at gestational day 9.5 and 17.5,respectively.The expression of ZnT1,2,5 and 6 mRNA was examined by RT-PCR.Results:At gestational D9.5,the expression of placental ZnT1,2 and small intestinal ZnT1,2,6 mRNA was up-regulated,and placental ZnT5 mRNA down-regulated by dietary zinc supplementation.Dietary zinc intake had no effect on the expression of placental ZnT6 and small intestinal ZT5 mRNA.At gestational D17.5,the expression of placental ZnT5 and 6 mRNA was up-regulated by dietary zinc supplementation,and dietary zinc had no effect on the expression of placental and small intestinal ZnT1,2 mRNA.The expression of ZnT5 mRNA at gestational D17.5 in both groups was not detectable.Conclusion:Dietary zinc supplementation during pregnancy has significant effect on the expression profile of ZnT 1,2,5 and 6mRNA in placenta and small intestine of pregnant rats.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of etanercept combined leflunomide to treat ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and its safety.Methods:90 cases with AS patients admitted in our hospital from June 2016 to January 2015 were selected.The patients were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,45 cases in each group.Observation group was treated with etanercept combined with leflunomide,the control group were treated by leflunomide only.Morning stiffness time,AS activity index (BASDAI),AS measurement index (BASMI) were recorded before and after treatment in two groups,the total effective rate and adverse reaction were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the BASDAI and morning stiffness time,BASMI of two groups of patients compared with before treatment were decreased,and the indexes above of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);The effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);During the course of treatment,the main adverse reactions occurred in patients with liver function damage,diarrhea and allergic skin rash,but there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Etanercept combined with leflunomide can obtain ideal effect,and low incidence rate of adverse reaction,it is worth popularizing in clinical use.

Objective To explore the relationship between risk of stroke and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound(QUS)T score under-2. 5. Methods 5 847 subjects over the age of 40 from Yunyan District, Guiyang City were investigated with questionnaire, physical examination, blood lipids, other metabolic indexes and calcaneus bone density determination from May to October, 2011 by cluster sampling method and were followed up for 3 years. Subjects were divided into stroke group(99 subjects) and non-stroke group(5 748 subjects) according to the occurrence of stroke in the follow-up period. The relationship between risk of stroke and QUS T score under-2. 5 was analyzed. Results Compared to the non-stroke group, the number of subjects with T score under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was larger in the stroke group, the difference of which was statistically significant(P<0. 05). T score of bone density under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was found to be an independent risk factor for predicting stroke after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index(HR=1. 467, 95%CI 0. 753-2. 855). The relationship between risk of stroke and T score under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS remained unchanged after further adjust ment of smoking, diabetes, education, and hypertension(HR=1. 265, 95%CI 0. 647-2. 475). Conclusion The risk of stroke and T score of bone density under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was independently associated, and the latter is an independent risk factor for predicting stroke.

Objective The current manipulator with double parallel quadrilateral mechanism should be connected in series with a flexible degree of freedom (DOF) mechanism, which increases the volume of the manipulator, decreases the motion flexibility and creates the interference between the mechanical arms that hold the mirror and the device. Aimed at solving this problem, a novel mechanical arm was put forward to enhance the motion flexibility and reduce the volume of the manipulator. Methods The mechanical arm was designed by using the mechanism of five-link, slider and slide rail lower pair and wire transmission to realize the telescopic movement of the end effector. The kinematics model of the manipulator was established, and the MATLAB was used as the simulation tool to verify the correctness of the D-H parameters under the specific zero joint angle, and the motion equation of the manipulator was solved. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional workspace of the end effector was obtained by using Monte Carlo algorithm, and the preoperative plan of animal experiment for 3 arms was performed. Finally, cholecystectomy and other operations were acted in pigs, to verify the rationality and maneuverability of the design of double 5-link 2-DOF manipulator. Results The working space of Monte Carlo algorithm under MATLAB environment was -650.4 mm＜x＜649 mm, 163.8 mm＜y＜1 202 mm and -254.6 mm＜z＜829.8 mm. Sixteen cases of pig cholecystectomy were successfully completed, with an average operation time of 51 minutes. Conclusions The novel double 5-link 2-DOF manipulator could successfully complete cholecystectomy and other operations in pigs, which had no other symptoms after the operation. There was no interference between the mechanical arms, which fully verified the feasibility of the design scheme of the robot manipulator for minimally invasive surgery.