Objective To determine the possible differences in DNA methylation of benign and malignant thyroid tumors and its role in tumorgenesis and tumor progression. Methods Infinium human methylation 450 bead chip platform was utilized to screen the whole-genome of benign and malignant thyroid tumor tissues surgically removed from a patient for the determination of their DNA methylation levels. The genes with significant differences in methylation were analyzed for their functional pathways with bioinformatics. Results There were significant differences in DNA methylation between benign and malignant thyroid tumor. The inflammation-related pathways, such as T cell, Jak-STAT and cytokine-cytokine receptor signaling pathways involved in the biological process of tumorgenesis and tumor progression. Conclusions The differences in DNA methylation between benign and malignant reveal a close relationship between inflammation and tumorgenesis and tumor progression and provide a novel method for investigation of thyroid cancer development and target drug discovery.

Objective:To explore the association of inflammatory markers and thromboinflammatory factors before and after thrombolytic intervention with functional outcomes in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods:392 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to our hospital were randomly selected as study subjects and divided into an observation group(196 cases)treated with arterial thrombolytic therapy and a control group(196 cases)treated with intravenous thrombolysis.Functional outcomes of patients were assessed 72 hours after thrombolysis using the activities of daily living(ADL)scale and, based on the results, patients were divided into a poor functional outcome group and a good functional outcome group.Inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)and thromboinflammatory factors such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA), soluble CD40 ligand(sCD40L)and P-selectin before and after thrombolysis were measured.The relationship of these inflammatory markers and thromboinflammatory factors before thrombolysis with functional outcomes 72 hours after thrombolysis was analyzed.Results:NLR and PLR levels in the two groups after thrombolysis were significantly lower than those before thrombolysis(all P<0.05); Their levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05). After thrombolysis, MCP-1 levels in both groups were significantly higher and t-PA, sCD40L, P-selectin levels were significantly lower than pre-thrombolysis levels(all P<0.05); After thrombolysis, the observation group had better results than the control group(all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that NLR, PLR, MCP-1 and t-PA were positively correlated with NIHSS score( r=0.336, 0.264, 0.483, 0.549, all P<0.05). NLR, PLR, MCP-1, t-PA and sCD40L levels were significantly lower and P-selectin levels were significantly higher in the good functional outcome group than in the poor functional outcome group both before and 72 hours after thrombolysis( t=13.850, 18.208, 23.636, 22.371, 59.868, 96.646, 378.112, 141.213, 131.160, 110.039, 10.716, 11.108, P<0.05 for all). Logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal levels of NLR, PLR, MCP-1 and t-PA before and after thrombolysis were risk factors for adverse outcomes with thrombolytic intervention( P<0.05). ROC curves showed that the levels of NLR, PLR, MCP-1, t-PA, sCD40L and P-selectin before thrombolysis had a certain predictive value for the risk of adverse functional outcomes with thrombolysis. Conclusions:The levels of these inflammatory markers and thromboinflammatory factors before and after thrombolytic intervention have varying degrees of correlation with functional outcomes in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objective:To analyze the trend of disease burden of oral cancer attributable to smoking in China from 1990 to 2019, and predict the mortality trend of oral cancer from 2020 to 2034, providing scientific basis for formulating targeted oral cancer prevention and treatment strategy to achieve the goal of "Healthy China 2030".Methods:Using partial data on the global burden of disease in China in 2019, attributive death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) were used to describe. The trend of changes in the burden of oral cancer disease attributed to smoking was analyzed by using the Joinpoint regression model to estimate the annual average percentage change (AAPC) of age standardized mortality and DALY rates. Meanwhile, the Bayesian age-period- cohort model is used to predict oral cancer deaths and DALY trends attributed to smoking over the next 15 years.Results:The age-standardized mortality rate and DALY rate in China from 1990 to 2019 showed an overall upward trend, with an average annual increase of 1.49% (95 %CI: 1.34%-1.65%, P<0.001) and 1.41% (95 %CI: 1.24%-1.59%, P<0.001) respectively, higher than around the earth and in regions with different socio-demographic index (SDI). In 2019, 46.74% (10 584/22 642) of oral cancer deaths in China were attributed to smoking. Compared to 1990, the number of attributed deaths in 2019 increased by 293.75% (7 896/2 688), while DALY increased by 257.97% (189 039/73 280). Moreover, the growth rates of attributed deaths and DALY in males [304.95% (7 584/2 487) and 265.60% (183 349/69 033), respectively] were significantly higher than those in females [154.73% (311/201) and 133.95% (5 690/4 248), respectively] ( P<0.001). The age group results showed that the proportion of deaths and DALY gradually transitioned towards the elderly (>60 years old). The expected number of deaths would increase from 10 731 in 2020 to 14 125 in 2034, with a rise of 31.63% (3 394/10 731). Simultaneously, DALY would increase from 267 064 person years in 2020 to 326 634 person years in 2034, with a rise of 22.31% (59 570/267 064). Conclusions:From 1990 to 2019, the burden of oral cancer diseases attributed to smoking in China showed an increasing trend, with a higher growth rates than in the global and different SDI regions. There were differences in gender and age, and the burden of oral cancer diseases attributed to smoking in China would continue to increase in the next 15 years. It is necessary to educate on the adverse effects of tobacco consumption and to conduct vigilant oral self-examination among high-risk groups to help early detection and intervention at the same time.

Objective:To analyze the associations between prenatal and 1-year-old exposure to antibiotics and allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months.Methods:In this study, a prospective birth cohort study was adopted. A total of 2 122 pregnant women were enrolled in Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Ma′anshan from June 2015 to June 2016, and they were followed up from the beginning of pregnancy to children′s 24 months of age. Excluding 564 pairs of mothers and children who were lost to follow-up or with incomplete information on the use of antibiotics and children′s allergic symptoms, a total of 1 558 pairs of mothers and children were included in the analysis of this study. The parents and children′s general demographic information, early-life antibiotic exposure and other data were collected, the information about allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months were investigated by reference to the "International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)". The univariate and multivariate binary unconditional logistic regression model was used to was used to estimate associations between the effects of early-life antibiotic exposure on allergic symptoms in 2-year-old children.Results:The antibiotic usage rate of pregnant women during pregnancy was 3.4% (53), and the antibiotic usage rates of children between 0 to 2 months, 3 to 5 months, and 6 to 11 months were separately 15.2%(237), 15.5%(242) and 17.3%(269). The total prevalence of allergic diseases in children aged 6 to 11 months was 24.1% (375 children), and the total prevalence of allergic diseases in children aged 18 to 23 months was 22.0% (342 children). After adjust parental (maternal) education level, family monthly income per capita, parental (maternal) allergy history, parental (maternal) age at pregnancy, mother′s Body Mass Index (BMI) before pregnancy, exposure to second-hand smoke during pregnancy, delivery method, child gender, birth weight, preterm birth, the use of antibiotics when children were 3-5 months old ( RR=1.61,95% CI:1.19-2.17) and 6-11 months old ( RR=1.43,95% CI:1.06-1.93) were the risk factors for allergic symptoms at 6-11 months of age; and the use of antibiotics when children were 0-2 months old (RR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.03-1.95), 3-5 months old ( RR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.12-2.11) and 6-11 months old ( RR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.17-2.14) were the risk factors for allergic symptoms at 18-23 months of age. Conclusion:Children′s exposure to antibiotics within 1 year of age was a risk factor for allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months, children should avoid unnecessary antibiotic use in infancy.

Objective:To analyze the associations between prenatal and 1-year-old exposure to antibiotics and allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months.Methods:In this study, a prospective birth cohort study was adopted. A total of 2 122 pregnant women were enrolled in Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Ma′anshan from June 2015 to June 2016, and they were followed up from the beginning of pregnancy to children′s 24 months of age. Excluding 564 pairs of mothers and children who were lost to follow-up or with incomplete information on the use of antibiotics and children′s allergic symptoms, a total of 1 558 pairs of mothers and children were included in the analysis of this study. The parents and children′s general demographic information, early-life antibiotic exposure and other data were collected, the information about allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months were investigated by reference to the "International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)". The univariate and multivariate binary unconditional logistic regression model was used to was used to estimate associations between the effects of early-life antibiotic exposure on allergic symptoms in 2-year-old children.Results:The antibiotic usage rate of pregnant women during pregnancy was 3.4% (53), and the antibiotic usage rates of children between 0 to 2 months, 3 to 5 months, and 6 to 11 months were separately 15.2%(237), 15.5%(242) and 17.3%(269). The total prevalence of allergic diseases in children aged 6 to 11 months was 24.1% (375 children), and the total prevalence of allergic diseases in children aged 18 to 23 months was 22.0% (342 children). After adjust parental (maternal) education level, family monthly income per capita, parental (maternal) allergy history, parental (maternal) age at pregnancy, mother′s Body Mass Index (BMI) before pregnancy, exposure to second-hand smoke during pregnancy, delivery method, child gender, birth weight, preterm birth, the use of antibiotics when children were 3-5 months old ( RR=1.61,95% CI:1.19-2.17) and 6-11 months old ( RR=1.43,95% CI:1.06-1.93) were the risk factors for allergic symptoms at 6-11 months of age; and the use of antibiotics when children were 0-2 months old (RR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.03-1.95), 3-5 months old ( RR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.12-2.11) and 6-11 months old ( RR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.17-2.14) were the risk factors for allergic symptoms at 18-23 months of age. Conclusion:Children′s exposure to antibiotics within 1 year of age was a risk factor for allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months, children should avoid unnecessary antibiotic use in infancy.

Objective To observe the value of artificial intelligence(AI)knowledge graph and image classification for quality control(QC)of chest posterior-anterior position X-ray radiograph(abbreviated as chest film).Methods Totally 9 236 chest films from 595 medical institutions in Anhui province imaging cloud platform were retrospectively enrolled.QC knowledge graph containing 21 classification labels were constructed.Firstly,QC of chest films based on the above knowledge graph were performed by 10 technicians for 2 rounds of single person and 1 round of multi person,and the results were recorded as A,B and C,respectively.Then AI algorithms were used to classify and evaluate based on knowledge graph,and the result was recorded as D.Finally,a QC expert reviewed results C and D to determine the final QC results and taken those as references to analyze the efficiency of the above 4 QC.Results The area under the curve(AUC)of AI algorithm for QC of chest films were all ≥0.780,with an average value of 0.939.The average precision of QC for chest films of A,B,C and D was 81.15％,85.47％,91.65％and 92.21％,respectively.Conclusion AI knowledge graph and image classification technology could be effectively used for QC of chest posterior-anterior position X-ray radiograph.

Objective To analyze the difference in ground reaction force (GRF) between male and female runners and between left and right limbs using the one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Methods Thirty male and female runners participated the running test on force treadmill at the speed of 12 km/h. GRF of consecutive five steps were recorded. The independent-sample t test and paired-sample t test in the SPM package were used to check the male vs female and right limb vs left limb differences. Results Male and female runners showed inter-limb asymmetry in vertical average loading rate (VALR), and the VALR of male runners was significantly higher than that of female runners in the left limb, while no significant differences were found in the right limb. Male and female runners showed significant differences in the right vertical GRF during push-off and medial-lateral GRF during landing, while left medial-lateral GRF presented significant differences during landing and mid stance. Male runners showed right limb vs left limb significance in the anterior-posterior GRF during push-off, vertical GRF during landing and push-off and medial-lateral GRF during landing, while female runners exhibited right limb vs left limb significance in vertical GRF during landing and push-off. Conclusions This study introduced the application of SPM in statistical analysis of GRF, elaborated the procedures and theory, compared the test of time-series data in SPM and discrete value with traditional statistics, and discussed the difference and features in SPM and SnPM, thus providing references for the application in data analysis of sports biomechanics. Comparison in the male vs female and right limb vs left limb revealed the genders and inter-limb symmetrical differences in the landing, mid-stance and push-off phases during stance. The research findings laid the foundation for future investigation of mechanism in running related injuries and strategy of prevention and treatment.