At present,pharmacy experiment is mainly in accordance with the traditional teaching mode,and students mechanically complete the experiments according to the demonstration of teachers.There is lack of interaction between teachers and students,and students lack independent thinking and experimental content innovation,which lead to the inefficient teaching effects.By flipping the classroom in the pharmacy experimental teaching,teachers prepare teaching courseware,teaching video and learning tasks before class,in class emphasize the experiment key and the difficult point,and carry on the preliminary experiment,and after class,summarize and analyze the practical problems that students have in the experiment,which have effectively aroused students' professional interest in learning and promoted their practical operation and independent thinking ability,and achieved good teaching results.

This article manages to find some methods to improve students' innovative spirit and ability with some pharmaceutical teaching practice

To solve the problems in the course teaching of Pharmacokinetics and change the current situation of the course, a pharmacokinetic solution program based on Excel has been developed. The program, based on Excel, is the most widely used data processing software. The data processing and drawing functions of Excel are used and encapsulated as a program by Excel-VBA. The program is specially used in pharmacokinetic teaching, which includes 25 solution templates arranged according to the 5th edition of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, a textbook published by the People's Medical Publishing House Co., LTD. Each solution template includes six functional areas: operation setting area, data input area, data relationship display area, return parameter output area, pharmacokinetic parameter output area and chart area. In this course, the teaching content is reorganized. Starting from a case, the concept and knowledge of pharmacokinetics are taught by explaining how to apply the program to solve case problems. After years of practice, the teaching effect has been significantly improved.

OBJECTIVETo develop a colon position pulsatile capsule drug delivery system of which the lag-time is controlled by a plug tablet mainly made of konjac glucomannan and evaluate its release profile in vitro.

METHODImpermeable capsule body was prepared by filling method, the plug tablet was pressed by direct compression, and the rapid-disintegrable drug tablets was made by wet granulation. The pulsatile capsules were prepared by putting the drug tablet into the impermeable body and sealed it with the plug tablet The factors affecting the lag-time were investigated by dissolution testing.

RESULTThe formulation of the rapid-disintegrable drug tablets influenced the pulsatile release of the drug, the composition of the plug tablet significantly influenced the lag-time; the lag-time was extended with the higher viscosity of HPMC and the increased proportion of konjac glucomannan.

CONCLUSIONThe pulsatile capsule with a suitable lag-time and colon position characteristics can be achieved by adjusting the composition of the plug tablet.

Capsules ; chemistry ; Colonic Diseases ; drug therapy ; Drug Delivery Systems ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Mannans ; chemistry ; Mesalamine ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Technology, Pharmaceutical

Bovine serum albumin nanoparticles(BSANP) were prepared by desolvation method. The activated folic acid (N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of folic acid) was conjuated to the surface of BSANP via the amino groups. Then the folate-conjugated BSANPs (folate-BSANP) were purified with Sephadex G-50 column and completely separated from unreacted folic acid. After chymotryptic hydrolysis, the extent of folate conjugation on the BSANP was determined by quantitative ultraviolet(UV) spectrophotometric analysis. It was found that the spectrum of trypsin digest of folate-conjugate BSANP is basically identical with that of folate, thus indicating folate is successfully expressed on the surface of BSANP. The folate-BSANP was averagely 66 nm in diameter and was spherical in shape. Folate-conjugated BSANP was achieved, which represents a potential new drug carrier for tumor cell-selective targeting.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Carrier Proteins ; chemistry ; Cattle ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored ; Folic Acid ; chemistry ; Immunotoxins ; Microspheres ; Nanotechnology ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; chemistry ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo prepare curcumin albumin nanosuspensions and study its release characteristics in vitro.

METHODCurcumin albumin nanosuspensions were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The nanosuspensions were characterized in terms of morphology, size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release.

RESULTThe mean size of albumin nanosuspensions before lyophilization was 245.2 nm and 240.3 nm after reconstitution. The distribution of particle size was uniform. The encapsulation efficiency was (42.39 +/- 0.91)%. In vitro release study revealed that the 72 h accumulative release percentage reached 96%.

CONCLUSIONThe method described to prepare curcumin albumin nanosuspensions is simple. It might be a novel vehicle potentially for nanoparticle drug delivery system of curcumin.

Curcuma ; chemistry ; Curcumin ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Particle Size

The valaciclovir was used as the model drug, the bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA-NP) were prepared by desolvation process. Glycyrrhizin (GL) was oxidized by sodium periodate to be conjugated to surface reactive amino groups (SRAG) of the VACV-BSA-NP. Gel filtration method combined with HPLC method verified that GL was covalent coupling to the surface of VACV-BSA-NP with mean 9 GL residues per albumin molecule. The mean diameter of the VACV-BSA-NP-GL was 268 +/- 23 nm, the drug loading was 1.35%, and embedding ratio was 68.76%. The characteristics of release in vitro were in accord with two-phase kinetics. The uptake amount of VACV-BSA-NP-GL by primary cultured rat hepatocytes in vitro was higher, compared to the control-VACV-BSA-NP. 69.89% and 64.82% of the VACV were concentrated in liver at 15 min after i.v. VACV-BSA-NP-GL and VACV-BSA-NP, respectively. There is a significant difference between surface-modified group and control group (P<0.10). VACV-BSA-NP-GL was successfully prepared, which is considered to be a novel drug delivery system for targeting to hepatocytes.
Acyclovir ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; pharmacology ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Microspheres ; Nanostructures ; Nanotechnology ; Particle Size ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; pharmacology ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Valine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo prepare curcumin-loaded poly-(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres and study its release characteristics in vitro.

METHODCurcumin-loaded poly-(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres were prepared by W/O/W emulsification solvent-evaporation process. The microspheres were characterized in terms of morphology, size, encapsulation efficiency, the rate of drug loading and in vitro drug release.

RESULTThe formed microspheres were spherical with smooth surfaces. The distribution of particle size was uniform and average size was 1 151 nm. The rate of drug loading was (1.98 +/- 0.14)% and the encapsulation efficiency was (59.44 +/- 4.05)%. In vitro release study revealed that the 71-hour accumulative release percentage reached 77%.

CONCLUSIONCurcumin loaded poly-(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres are prepared successfully and show good sustained-release characteristics.

Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Curcumin ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Polyglactin 910 ; chemistry

This study was aimed to reveal how the swelling properties and release behavior of a model drug from pectin gel beads were influenced by its crosslinking with different metal ions. Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 was chosen as the model drug. Pectinate beads were prepared by the dropping method and crosslinked with Ca2+, Fe3+, Zn2+, Ba2+, respectively. The release behavior and swelling properties were investigated. The results showed that there were significant differences between the pectinate beads that were crosslinked with different ions. Pectinate gel beads, as a potential cell microencapsulation and drug vehicle, could be acquired for different release profile by crosslinking with different ions.
Calcium ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Ferric Compounds ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gels ; chemistry ; Metals ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Microspheres ; Pectins ; chemistry