Objective:To study the relationship between cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4),PTEN protein expression and carcinogenisis,progression and recurrence of endometrial carcinoma.Methods:A specific and sensitive immunohistochemical S-P assay was used to detect the expression of PTEN and CDK4 in paraffin-embedded sections of 50 cases of endometrial carcinoma,12 atypical hyperplasia of endometrium and 10 normal endometrium.Results:1.The positive immunostainning rates of PTEN in endometrial carcinoma,atypical hyperplasia of endometrium and normal endometrium were 56.00%,91.00%,100.00%,respectively;and the difference was statistically significant between carcinoma and normal endometrium or atypical hyperplasia of endometrium(P1/2 muscle invasion cancer and in recurrence cases.Conclusion:The results suggest that the aberrant expressions of PTEN and CDK4 are closely related to the occurrence,development and recurrence of endometrial carcinoma.

Objective To study the effect of silencing Nek2 via RNAi on cell cycle of ovarian cancer SKOV 3 cells and the re‐lated molecular mechanism .Methods The Nek2‐siRNA was transfected into the ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells .The change of cell cy‐cle of SKOV3 cells at 48 h after transfection was examined by the flow cytometry technique ;Western blot assay was used to deter‐mine the change of level of the cell cycle related factors cyclinB1 ,CDK1 ,P27 and the phosphorylation level of the ERK1/2 after Nek2‐siRNA transfection for 48 h .Results The flow cytometry detection results showed that the proportion of the cells in G 2/M stage in the blank control group ,negative control group and RNAi group was 13 .72% ,12 .27% and 1 .56% respectively .Compared with the control group ,the number of the cells in G2/M stage in the transfected group was reduced obviously (P< 0 .05) .The Western blot detection results showed that compared with the control group ,the expression of cyclinB1 and CDK1 protein in SK‐OV3 cells was significantly reduced ,the expression of P27 was increased after silencing Nek2 and the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 in SKOV3 cells was significantly reduced after silencing Nek2 gene(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Silencing Nek2 gene might block the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV 3 initiating mitosis ,thus inhibit their proliferation .

Objective To explore the difference between the diagnosis of osteoporosis based on the measured value of lumbar spine and hip bone mineral density in middle-aged and elder people in Chongqing .Methods Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure of lumbar spine and hip bone mineral density to people over the age of 40 in 2 151 cases ,grouped according to age and gender .Results Both male and female lumbar spine and hip bone mineral density values decreased gradually with increasing age;the detection rate of osteoporosis of the male′s hip was higher than that of the lumbar spine among each age group ,which was of statistical significance(P<0 .05);the detection rate of osteoporosis of the female′s lumbar spine was higher than that of the hip among each age group ,which was of statistical significance (P<0 .05) .Conclusion As for elderly male ,the sensitive position for osteoporosis detection is the hip .However ,as for elderly female is the lumbar spine .In order to improve the detection rate of osteo-porosis ,joint detection of both two positions is well suggested .

Based on the relationships between Humanistic Education and specialized education,the article illuminates the feasibility,the methods and ways to develop humanistic education in university.

To accomplish the teaching target on clinical practice in Gynecology and Obstetrics for seven-year program,we should consider the features of clinical practice in Gynecology and Obstetrics,choose appropriate teaching methods and make best use of entrance guidance and teaching ward-round and so on to improve students'comprehensive ability.

Because of the specificity and complexity,of obstetrics and gynecology,interns often meet doctor-patient communication problems during the internship.This study explores these problems to enhance interns' doctor-patient communication and to cultivate interns' technical proficiency.We have also made them grasp the methods and skills of doctor-patient communication,and enable them to successfully communicate with patients on internship.

Objective:To study the effectiveness of Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in the diagnosis and management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN). Methods: 155 patients with CIN were diagnosed by cervical biopsy under colposcopy. All cases were treated with LEEP and the operative time, bleeding volume, cervical biopsy results before and after LEEP were evaluated, and the effects and cervical regeneration were followed up. Results: The mean operative time of LEEP was 6. 8 minutes. The mean bleeding volume was 9.6m1. Pathological diagnosis of CINI CIN Ⅱ CIN Ⅲ after LEEP were positively correlated to directed biopsy by colposcopy. The correlation coefficient was 0.785 ( P < 0.01). The cure rate of LEEP was 98.6%. Among the 151 cases, 134 (88. 7%) were satisfactory cervical regeneration. Conclusions: LEEP is one of the effective and safe methods for the diagnosis and treatment of CIN.

0.05).The expression of PTEN was positively correlated to P27 in cervical adenocarcinoma.No obvious relationship of TGF-?1 with PTEN or P27 was found.Conclusion PTEN and P27 are of value in the prognosis of cervical adenocarcinoma.TGF-?1 may not contribute to carcinogenesis and development of cervical adenocarcinoma.

Objective To study the relationship of apoptosis-related gene survivin with bcl-2, bax protein in endometriosis. Methods The expressions of survivin, bcl-2 and bax protein were detected by immunohistochemical method (SP) in ectopic endometrium from 40 cases, and compared with that in eutopic endometrium from 25 cases without endometriosis. Results The expression rate of survivin protein in endometriotic cells was much higher than that in normal endometrial cells. The survivin was not correlated with the phase of menstrual cycle , but positively correlated to bcl-2, negatively to bax. Conclusion Survivin may play an important role in pathogenesis of endometriosis. With survivin gene, apoptosis-related gene bcl-2 may have a synergic role and bax have an antagonistic role in the formation and progression of endometriosis.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of applying case leaded PBL in the teaching of obstetrics and gynecology.Methods Totally 80 (2006 grade) five-year clinical medicine students were divided into 2 groups (n =20) according to complete randomized designing principle.Case leaded PBL and traditional teaching methods were applied in the two groups respectively.Operation skill test,theoretic examination and questionnaires were used for evaluation and x2 was used to analyze the sample rate.Results Overall scores in final theoretic examination of PBL group were higher than those in traditional teaching group,but without significant difference (x2 =0.241,P ＞ 0.05).Scores of operation skill test were higher in PBL group than in traditional teaching group,with significant differences (x2 =6.229,P ＜ 0.05).Questionnaire results showed that satisfaction degree was higher in cases PBL group than in traditional teaching group,except that of ‘ systematical study’ item.Conclusions case leaded PBL teaching can not only enhance students' learning interests,intrigue their initiatives to improve practical ability,skills to communicate with patients and self-learning ability,but also enhance young teachers' coaching ability.