Four hundred and five pregnant women whose husbands had positive HBeAg,HBsAg and anti HBc were recruited in the study.Among them.218 women with positive HBsAb were completely randomized into group A and group B,while 187 cases with negative HBsAb formed group C.Women in group A and group C were injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG)before delivery.All newborn babies in 3 groups received routine HCV vaccination.in addition babies in group A and group C also received HBIG iniection within 24 h after birth.The HBV infeetion rate of newborns was 12.1%in group A,12.8%in group B and 23.0%in group C respectively.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) as common seed cells have been widely used in tissue-engineered cartilage repair.OBJECTIVE: To use human amniotic membrane as a cell scaffold to carry rabbit BMSCs in order to repair articular cartilage defects in the femoral intercondylar fossa of rabbits.METHODS: Rabbit BMSCs were inoculated onto the human acellular amniotic membrane (HAAM) and co-cultured for 2 weeks. Articular defect models were made in the femoral intercondylar fossa of rabbits. The defects of the right knees served as blank control. BMSCs/HAAM composite was transplanted into the defect of the left knee joint as composite group, and HAAM was implanted into the defect of the left knee joint as HAAM group. These rabbits were killed at 8 and 12 weeks after implantation and the newly cartilage samples were evaluated grossly and histologically and then graded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gross observation showed the defects were filled with cartilaginous tissues in the composite group, and there were no cartilage tissues in the HAAM group, while only fibrous tissues were seen in the blank control group. Histologically, the defect region was full of chondrocytes in the composite group,immunohistochemistry staining indicated that collagen II was rich in the tissue, and furthermore, the cartilage matrix was stained deeply by toluidine blue. In the the HAAM group, there were few chondrocytes, toluidine blue staining was weakly positive, and immunohistochemistry staining was negative, indicating there was no cartilage matrix. In the blank control group, the defects were filled of fibroblasts and toluidine blue staining was weakly positive. To conclude, the BMSCs/HAAM is a good scaffold for BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation to effectively repair articular cartilage defects.

Objective. To undertake the pilot experiments of prevention of disability (POD) in 14 different geographical areas to serve as examples for future development of rehabilitation work in China and in Asia. Methods. According to the principles and national criterion, 27 000 people aflected by leprosy were selected and assessed using disability record forms at beginning and followed up regularly for observing changes of different indica-tors. Results. A total of 197 neuritis cases were detected and treated with prednisolone out of 1 407 new or active cas-es. Self-care training of eyes, hands and feet were conducted for 10 500 disabled people affected by leprosy. Compre-hensive therapy was given to 1 804 cases having complicated ulcers of which 1 055 cases have got their ulcers healed.Out of 706 prostheses, 613 were given to patients with satisfactory results. Surgical treatment was given to 269 cases and 251 have shown good progress. Conclusion. Most of patients have got benefit from the project in function or appearance which is very helpful for their going back to the society and agreed by foreign experts during the final evaluation. The experiences from the pro-ject can be implemented in the whole country.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical critical illness, and ischemic kidney injury is the main type. The mortality rate of ischemic kidney injury is high, because the efficacy of treatment is limited due to symptomatic and supportive treatment. Establishing a reliable animal model of ischemic AKI is an important prerequisite for conducting research on physiological, pathological and pharmacological researches, so as to explore effective prevention methods and strategies. In recent years, the establishment methods of animal models of ischemic AKI have been continuously improved. The article summarizes the common methods and model characteristics of animal models of ischemic AKI in order to provide a reference for researchers to choose a reasonable modeling method.

OBJECTIVETo compare the safety and efficacy between extralevator abdominoperineal excision(ELAPE) and traditional abdominoperineal excision(APE) in patients with low rectal cancer.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to December 2013, 61 patients undergoing abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled. The safety and efficacy of two procedure groups, ELAPE group (33 patients) and traditional APE group (28 patients) were reviewed retrospectively.

RESULTSLess intraoperative blood loss [(201 ± 147) ml vs. (343 ± 308) ml, P=0.022], shorter exhaust time [(3.8 ± 1.5) d vs. (4.6 ± 1.6) d, P=0.039] and lower perineal wound complication rate (9.1% vs. 25.0%, P=0.042) were observed in the ELAPE group as compared to the traditional APE group. However, longer operation time [(292 ± 46) min vs. (256 ± 28) min, P=0.008] and perineal drainage removal time [(11.1 ± 4.8) d vs. (7.1 ± 2.7) d, P<0.01] were noted in the ELAPE group than those in the traditional APE group. Number of lymph node retrieved and positive lymph node retrieved was not significantly different between two groups. The ELAPE group had lower rate of IOP (intraoperative perforation) (6.1% vs. 17.9%, P=0.055), but no significant difference was found. There were no significant differences in bowel movement, diet restoring time, average perineal drainage, postoperative hospitalization time and removing perineal stitches time between the two groups (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONELAPE possesses less intraoperative blood loss and lower perineal wound complication rate than traditional APE. ELAPE is associated with better safety and efficacy than traditional APE.

Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Operative Time ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies