Objective By comparing the medical complaints and disputes between the two tertiary general hospitals in Beijing and Lhasa, this paper proposed on how to build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.Methods A study of annual reports of these two hospitals analyzed descriptively patient complaint rate, rate of medical disputes registered for court jurisdiction, makeup of medical disputes, and their solutions.Results In 2016, the patient complaint rate, and rate of medical disputes registered for court jurisdiction were 3.5/10 000 and 12.4/10 000 respectively, much higher than 0.8/10 000 and 1.1/10 000 of the Lhasa counterpart hospital.A significant gap was also found in the makeup of medical disputes, their solutions, and role of hospital leadership between the two hospitals.Conclusions Beijing is recommended to appoint hospital leader on duty, to assist in handling medical complaints and disputes, and ease doctor-patient contradictions.Lhasa is recommended to improve the medical dispute handling mechanism, improve medical service competency and management.

Objective To establish an animal model for immunological contact urticaria in mice.Methods A total of 60 BALB/c mice were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups:anti-dinitrophenol IgE monoclonal antibody (anti-DNP IgE) + 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) group and anti-DNP IgE + trimellitic anhydride (TMA) group both injected with anti-DNP IgE via tail veins firstly,followed by topical treatment with DNFB and TMA respectively on the ears at 24 hours after the injection,DNFB group,TMA group and normal saline (NS) group all injected with NS via the tail vein firstly,followed by topical treatment with DNFB,TMA and NS on the ears 24 hours after the injection.In the following 14 days,mice were observed daily for the appearance of wheals and for scratching behavior.All the mice were sacrificed at the end of the study followed by determination of the percentage of degranulated mast cells and spleen index as well as observation of pathological changes.Results Wheals were observed in all the mice (12/12) in the anti-DNP IgE + DNFB group,some mice (8/12) in the anti-DNP IgE + TMA group,but not observed in any mice in the other 3 groups.Compared with the NS group,both the anti-DNP IgE + DNFB group and anti-DNP IgE + TMA group showed a significant increase in the percentage of degranulated mast cells (70.21％ ± 26.01％ and 54.25％ ± 39.57％ vs.14.45％ ±6.79％,F=14.41,P=0.000),spleen index (7.54 ± 1.56 and 7.87 ± 1.18 vs.5.37 ± 1.16,F=4.29,P=0.004) and scratching frequency ((31.58 ± 3.58)/h and (22.17 ± 3.81)/h vs.(2.00 ± 0.85)/h at 30 minutes,F =437.86,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion A stable mouse model for immunological contact urticaria can be established quickly by sensitization with anti-DNP IgE and challenge with DNFB.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology

A complete explanation of the new idea,grounds,spirit,inner-contradiction of the 3 major documents in the new framework of epileptic knowledge re-defined by International League Against Epilepsy was made in accordance with the International League Against Epilepsy original articles.And the different recognition about them nowadays existed among our nerologists was also deeply explored.

ObjectiveTo detect the mutations of GJB3 and GJB4 genes in two sporadic cases of erythrokeratodermia variabilis(EKV).MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from two sporadic patients with EKV,their family members,and 100 normal human controls.All the exons and adjacent splice sites of GJB3 and GJB4 genes were amplified by PCR.Mutation scanning was carried out via direct bidirectional DNA sequencing.ResultsA G134C mutation was found at the GJB3 gene in patient 1,which caused a substitution of glycine by alanine at codon 45 (G45A).No mutation was found in the GJB4 gene in case 1 or GJB3 and GJB4 genes in case 2.ConclusionA missence mutation G45A in GJB3 gene is found in a patient with EKV.

Objective To study the effects of rehabilitation(RT)on cardiac function in cerebral infarct (CIF)patients with cardiac insufficiency(CIS).Methods Fifty-nine CIF patients with CIS were randomly divid- ed into a treatment group(T group,n=29)and a control group(n=30),and all patients were treated with routine pharmacotherapy for 2 months.In addition,RT was administrated in the T group at the same time.The grading of the New York Heart Association(NYHA)and the changes in cardiac function associated index were observed in both groups before and after treatment.Results Compared with the control group,NYHA grades,left ventricle ejection fraction(LVEF),the levels of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)in the blood plasma,and the 6min walking range of the T group patients were all significantly improved after treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusion RT can improve car- diac function in CIF patients with CIS.

China ; epidemiology ; Hexanes ; toxicity ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Trichloroethylene ; toxicity

Synaptic plasticity, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), is widely considered as one of the major mechanisms underlying learning and memory. This study explored hippocampal synaptic plasticity and spatial memory formation of an Alzheimer's disease (AD) rat model established by intrahippocampal injection of oligomeric Aβ(1-42). Twenty four Sprague-Dawley rats at 2.5 months of age were randomly divided into AD and control groups, and were bilaterally injected with 5 μg oligomeric Aβ(1-42) or normal saline into dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus. Morris water maze test was used to observe the capability of learning and memory of two groups, 30 d after injection. To investigate the variations of paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) and range of synaptic plasticity, field potentials were recorded in the DG of the dorsal hippocampus by stimulating the perforant path (PP). The results showed that oligomeric Aβ(1-42) obviously impaired spatial memory formation in rats (P < 0.05). Furthermore, oligomeric Aβ(1-42) reduced the PPF ratio (P < 0.05) and hippocampal LTP formation (P < 0.05), while facilitated the hippocampal LTD formation (P < 0.05). These data suggest that chronic Aβ aggregation impairs synaptic plasticity of hippocampal PP-DG pathway, which may be involved in the spatial memory deficit in AD rats.
Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; toxicity ; Animals ; Female ; Hippocampus ; physiopathology ; Long-Term Potentiation ; drug effects ; physiology ; Long-Term Synaptic Depression ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Maze Learning ; Memory ; physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; drug effects ; physiology ; Oligopeptides ; toxicity ; Peptide Fragments ; toxicity ; Perforant Pathway ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Synapses ; drug effects ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical outcome of accessory navicular fusion for treatment of the painful accessory navicular bone of type II in adults.

METHODSFrom June 2006 to June 2012, a total of 38 feet (in 35 adult patients) with painful accessory navicular with type I underwent an fusion operation of the primary and accessory navicular bones,including 26 males and 9 females with a mean age of (32.4±7.3) years old ranging from 18 to 44 years old. The course of disease ranged from 3 to 10 months. The perioperative complications and radiological outcomes were observed and recorded. The foot function before and after operation were assessed by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, and the easement of the pain was evaluated by visual analog score (VAS).

RESULTSTwo patients had transient superficial inflammation of the incision, no obvious perioperative complications occurred. All patients were follow-up for (53.5±14.7) months (12 to 84 months). Bone union was confirmed on plain radiography in 32 cases (35 feet). The mean time from the operation to union was (13.7±2.3) weeks (9 to 18 weeks). Postoperative pain VAS score was improved obviosly than preoperative (V=12.14,P< 0.01). The talar-to-first metatarsal angle [(9.4±3.5)° vs (8.3±2.7)°, t=0.736, P>0.05)], calcaneal tilt angle [(17.7±2.2)° vs (18.9±3.4)°, t=0.794, P>0.05],talonavicular uncoverage angle [(14.3±3.4)° vs(12.5?4.6)°,t=0.947, P>0.05) ],and height of the first tarsometatarsal joint [(14.8±3.1) mm vs (15.9±2.8) mm,t=0.814,P>0.05)] before and after operations had no statistic difference. The AOFAS midfoot score was improced from preoperative 45.6±5.3 to postoperative 82.5±7.4 (t=3.214,P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONFor the painful accessory navicular bone of type II in adults, if the patient has a large navicular bone and not complicated with rigid flatfoot, once the conservative treatment fails, fusion of the primary and accessory naviculars may be a successful intervention. Overall, the procedure provides reliable pain relief, definite foot function improvement, and good patient satisfaction.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot Diseases ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Tarsal Bones ; abnormalities ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the changes of expressions of glucose transporter 1,3 gene(GLUT1 mRNA and GLUT3 mRNA) in hippocampus after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats and effects of progesterone on them.Methods Forty SD rats(7-day-old) were divided randomly into 4 groups:normal group,sham operation group,hypoxic-ischemic group and progesterone group.Rats were subjected to right common carotid artery ligation and exposed to 80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen gas for 2 hours to establish hypoxic-ischemic model in hypoxic-ischemic group and progesterone group.The rats in sham operation group only received right common carotid artery ligation.Progesterone(8 mg/kg) or sesame oil(of same volume) was given intraperitonealy in progesterone group or other groups 30 minutes before operation.All rats were killed 24 hours after operations.The expressions of GLUT1 mRNA and GLUT3 mRNA in hippocampus of rats in every group were assessed by adopting RT-PCR technique.Results The expressions of GLUT1 mRNA and GLUT3 mRNA in the hypoxic-ischemic group(0.674?0.083,0.785?0.093) increased markedly compared with those in sham operated group(0.374?0.061,0.519?0.060)(Pa0.05).Conclusions Progesterone maintain the energy supply of the brain by up-regulating the expression of GLUT1 mRNA and GLUT3 mRNA and accelerating the transportation of glucose into brain,which may be one of the protective mechanisms.