Follow-Up Studies ; Survival Analysis

Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Survival Analysis

The study of neuronal activity with low frequency has shown an increasing interest for its greater stability and reliability recent years. One challenge in analyzing this kind of activity is to find similarities and differences between signals efficiently and effectively. The traditional analysis methods, such as short-time Fourier transform, are easily obscured by background noises and often involve a large number of parameters. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel time-frequency analysis method based on wavelet transformation and half-ellipsoid modeling to extract instantaneous frequency and instantaneous phase information. This method overcomes some shortcomings of conventional time-frequency analysis. In this method, wavelet transformation is used to provide high-level representations of raw signals, and parsimonious half-ellipsoid models are used to extract changes in time domain and frequency domain of neural recordings. The method was validated to local field potentials (LFPs) of olfactory bulb of anesthetized rats during three different odor stimuli. The results suggested that this method could detect odor-relevant features from olfactory signals with large variability. The Odors then were classified with support vector machine (SVM) algorithm and the classification accuracy reached 79.4%.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Evoked Potentials ; Fourier Analysis ; Odorants ; analysis ; Olfactory Bulb ; physiology ; Rats ; Reproducibility of Results ; Smell ; physiology ; Support Vector Machine ; Wavelet Analysis

Observed index is a very important element in a research design, because it is a specific reflection of the effects of research factors on the research subjects and is indispensable in any research. Generally, there are two types of observed indexes: the indexes that reflect natural attributes, habits or states of the research subjects and the indexes that reflect the effects of different drugs or treatments on research subjects. This article mainly introduces the definition, characteristics, selection and observation of research indexes and the major and minor indexes.

Purple bacteria are extensively used in bacterial photosynthesis research. This review describes the structure of light-harvesting I, light-harvesting II and reaction center of photosynthetic apparatus of pur- ple bacteria and discusses the regulation mechanisms of photosynthesis (PS) gene transcription, with an emphasis laid on the transcriptional regulation of PS gene by PpsR/AppA system.

Eleven type 1 diabetic patients who received fixed regime of insulin Glargine were included in the study.The levels of fasting serum insulin were measured for each subject at 6:00 in three consecutive mornings.The variability of mean fasting serum insulin in each subject was 3.3%-41.5% (mean 15.4%).The variability did not correlate with the dose of Glargine statistically.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of CMV infection(CMV-I) and CMV related diseases (CMV-D) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation in 70 consecutive allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation(allo-HSCT) patients and to search for the optimal prophylactic strategy.Methods: Blood samples were monitored using the CMV pp65 antigenemia assay.Of the 70 patients observed,30 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia［CML:CP(27),AP(2),BC(1)］,12 with acute myeloblastic leukemia(AML),10 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL)and other cases were NHL(3), AA(5), MDS(7), SCLC with pancytopenia (1),CLL(1), and MF (1). Sixty six patients received HLA - identical siblings transplantation and four received tranplants from their HLA- haploidentical donors. Seventy cases included allo-PBPCT (64 cases) , allo-BMT (4 cases) and allo-PB+BMT (2). Before transplantation, all patients and donors received CMV serological examination except 4 pairs of donors/recepients. All 66 patients (3 cases were CMV IgM positive) and 64/66 donors were CMV IgG positive. Results：After transplantation, 64/70 patients developed CMV viremia during monitoring period. Forty three of 70 patients developed CMV-D.Thirty five of them suffered from CMV-associated interstitial pneumonia(CMV-IP). The high peak levels of CMV antigenemia were associated with development of CMV disease　. Close correlation was found between acute graft vs host disease(GVHD) and CMV disease. The patients were followed up for 2 to 24 months. The patients who received preemptive therapy(group A)had significantly better outcome than CMV disease group(group B, P=0.0001). Conclusions: The results suggest that CMV antigenemia has high predictive value for subsequent CMV disease and CMV pp65 antigenemia -guided early therapy has particular advantage for avoiding morbidity and mortality caused by CMV disease.

Objective To explore the operative main point and clinical effects of laparoscopic treatment for hepatic cyst. Methods Between August 2006 and April 2009, Forty-eight cases of laparoscopic treatment for hepatic cyst were performed, and the data were analyzed retrospectively. Of these treatments, there were laparoscopic fenestration (46 cases) and laparoscopic anatomical resection of left hepatic lobe (2 cases). Of the patients, there were solitary cyst (41 cases) and multiple cyst (7 cases). Results Fortyeight cases all performed laparoscopic treatment successfully. There were no converting to open operation, no biliary leakage and no bleeding. Except for resection of left hepatic lobe, the operating time was 30 -96 minutes (mean, 45 minutes), the intraoperative blood loss was 10 -90 mL (mean, 26 mL) and the postoperative hospital stay was 3 - 9 days (mean, 5 days). All the 48 patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months (mean, 32 months), 2 cases were found recurrence. Conclusions Affluent experience and proper standard of operation are key points for avoiding recurrence and complication in laparoscopic treatment for hepatic cyst. Laparoscopic treatment for hepatic cyst is safe, characterized by less pain and rapid recovery.

Objective To evaluate adjuvant chemoradiotherapy on gallbladder carcinoma after RO resection.Methods A total of 54 patients undergoing curative resection (R0) for gallbladder carcinoma between January 1991 and December 2006 were recruited for evaluation on the effect of postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy,with the exception of 5 TINOM0 patients.Among the remaining 49 patients,11 patients received radiotherapy,and 21 cases had undergone adjuvant chemotherapy.Results The overall 1,3 and 5-year survival rates of these 54 patients were 81.1％,54.4％ and 48.4％,respectively.The overall 5-year survival rates of T1,T2,T3 and T4 were 100％,92.3％,27.8％ and 12.5％ ( x2 =25.307,P ＜0.001 ),respectively.The median survival for those patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy was 12.8 months compared to 28 months of median survival for those treated without adjuvant radiation therapy (x2 =3.942,P =0.047 ).Adjuvant radiotherapy significantly prolonged overall median survival from 16 months to 95 months ( x2 =5.387,P =0.02 ) in the subgroup of patients with T3/T4 stage.Adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with positive lymph nodes improved overall median survival from 12 to 19 months (x2 =3.959,P =0.047 ).In addition,radiotherapy prolonged overall median survival from 12 moths to 128 months in patients with G3/G4 disease ( x2 =7.401,P =0.007).The median survival was not significantly different among patients with or without adjuvant chemotherapy (x2=0.086,P=0.770 ).Conclusions Adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended for lymph node positive,T3/T4,or G3/G4 gallbladder carcinoma patients following R0 resection.

Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Research Design ; Software