OBJECTIVE:To study the adsorbability of plastic transfusion bottle and infusion set to diazepam. METHODS:With the reference of plastic-bottled 5% glucose injection,HPLC was used to determine the changes of mass concentration of diazepam adding into plastic-bottled 5% glucose injection at different time;disposable plastic infusion set was connected to simulate intrave-nous infusion and determine the changes of mass concentration of diazepam in the liquid effluent at different time. RESULTS:The mass concentration of diazepam in glass infusion bottles group was higher than in plastic transfusion bottles group. The adsorbabili-ties of solutions showed the strongest at the time of 15-20 min. The mass concentration of the effluent liquid from the glass bottle group was about 80% of the original concentration and plastic bottle group was about 67%. As the time went on,the adsorbability was gradually saturated at 60 min and the concentration rose again;the mass concentration of the effluent liquid from the glass bot-tle group returned to 95%of the original concentration at 80 min and the plastic bottle group was about 75%of the original concen-tration. CONCLUSIONS:Both plastic infusion bottle and infusion set have strong adsorbability to diazepam. It is suggested that the dosage of diazepam should be increased by 25% to 33% while plastic-bottled 5% glucose injection is used as solvent for intrave-nous drip.

20ng/ml.The total three-year survival rate is 87%(33/35).Conclusion The effect and prognosis of ?-knife on prostate cancer treatment can be evaluated by the value of PSA before and after the treatment.

Objective To explore the value of? red blood cell distribution width (RDW) changes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) prognosis by analysing relationship between red blood cell distribution width, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Methods 140 hospitalized patients with AMI were selected from May 2014 to October 2014 and devided into 2 groups. 70 patients without heart failure were AMI1 group and the other 70 patients with heart failure were AMI2 group. 70 cases of healthy persons were selected as control group. RDW was compared between three groups and the relationship between the level of RDW, cTnI and hs-CRP was analyzed. Evaluating value of RDW in predicting heart failure in AMI patients by using univariate logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis. Results In the comparison of AMI1 group, AMI2 group and control group, either of RDW, cTnI and hs-CRP showed a trend of increasing (P < 0.01). In the AMI patients , RDW level and cTnI level were positive correlation , and there was no linear correlation between RDW level and hs-CRP level. RDW≥14.55% was the independent risk factors in predicting heart failure in patients with AMI. Conclusion RDW≥14.55% can be an available independent predictor of the prognosis of AMI.

[Summary] A total of 1 510 subjects undergoing physical examination in the Central Hospital of Xuzhou were included in this study. According to the level of TSH, the subjects were divided into low TSH group(0. 30-0. 99 mIU/L,n=351), moderate TSH group(1. 00-1. 89 mIU/L, n=703), and high TSH group(1. 90-4. 80 mIU/L, n=456). Analysis of variance and linear regression were used for data analysis. The results showed that systolic blood pressure ( SBP) , diastolic blood pressure ( DBP) , triglyceride ( TG) , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol( HDL-C) revealed significant differences among 3 group(P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). In the univariate linear regression model, serumTSHwithinthereferencerangewasnegativelyassociatedwithSBPandDBP(P<0.05orP<0.01),and positively associated with TG and HDL-C (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). However, the correlations disappeared after adjustment for gender, age, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) , and TG. In the multiple linear regression model, a significant negative correlation of TSH with SBP and FPG was found in males(P<0. 05).

Objective To investigate the probability of verifying the X-knife treatment plan by the radiotherapy simulator,and to analyze and report the errors of the X-knife treatment plan for reference.Methods The radiation fields of the X-knife treatment plan were observed in the whole simulating treatment process by the radiotherapy simulator.Results The error rate of X-knife treatment plan were in the simulating treatment process was 5.9%(22/372).Among the errors,3 cases of X-knife plans were found in the simulating treatment process,and the errors of isocenter in Z direction were 10cm.Conclusion This is a special error of X-knife TPS,which deserves more attention in stereotactic radiotherapy.

Purpose To study the application of MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) quantitative parameters in grading of cerebral glioma on a 3.0T scanner. Materials and Methods DTI mapping of 51 cases of cerebral glioma confirmed by pathology were retrospective analyzed. All the cases were divided into two groups: low-grade gliomas (grade I-II, 18 cases) and high-grade gliomas (grade III-IV, 33 cases). Value of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD),λ1, λ2, and λ3 of the tumor, peritumoral edema and contralateral tissue area were recorded and compared. Results rMDt, rADt, rRDt, λ1t, λ2t and λ3t of tumor in the low-grade glioma group were higher than those in the high-grade glioma group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.235- -2.458, P<0.05). rFAt was lower in the low-grade glioma group, and the difference was not statistically significant (t=1.554, P>0.05). rFAe of peritumoral edema in the low-grade glioma group was higher than those in the high-grade group, while rMDe, rADe, rRDe, λ1e, λ2e and λ3e were lower in the low-grade group. All differences were not statistically significant except λ1e (t=2.052, P<0.05). ROC analysis showed the area under the curve (Az) of rMDt, rADt, rRDt, λ1t, λ2t, λ3t and λ1e were 0.746, 0.710, 0.762, 0.735, 0.722, 0.705 and 0.374, respectively. Az value of rMDt, rADt, rRDt,λ1t, λ2t, λ3t were statistically different between the low- and high-grade gliomas (Z=3.287-4.605, P<0.001). Conclusion Among DTI quantitative parameters on glioma grading, rMD, rAD, rRD, λ1, λ2, and λ3 of tumor area are helpful in grading gliomas.

Objectives To evaluate the impact of virtual hepatectomy and computer-assisted risk analysis on surgical planning and intraoperative strategy for major hepatectomy.Methods Twentytwo consecutive patients (17 males and 5 females) were admitted to the hospital from January to December in 2010 for complicated major hepatectomy.CT scanning was performed with 64-MSCT.All the data of imaging were transferred to the Myrian(R) XP-Liver system (IntrasenseR,France).The following steps were undertaken by a radiologist and a surgeon majoring in liver surgery: step 1,image analysis and 3-D reconstruction; step 2,virtual resection and liver volumetry; step 3,computer-assisted risk analysis for hepatic dysfunction,followed by adjustment of the operative planning.Results The three-dimensional reconstruction models of the liver by the Myrian(R) XP-Liver system were visualized.The ideal simulation effect was achieved comparing the virtual imaging with the actual operation.Of the 22 patients who underwent complicated major hepatectomy,complete tumor removal (R0 resection) was achieved in 20 patients.There were 2 patients who received a R1 resection as microscopic tumor cells were found at the cutting margin of the right portal vein and bile duct.No patient died during the hospital stay.After computer-assisted risk analysis,the operative planning and surgical strategies were changed in 6 patients.Conclusions The application of the hepatic three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual hepatectomy using the Myrian(R) XP-Liver system provided important preoperative data for good preoperative planning and intraoperative strategy in complex hepatectomy.

Objective According to radiation therapy (6WV-X line) on experimental gerbils which were successfully infected by echinococcus granulosus,the outcomes of bone hydatid disease after radiation therapy were studied.Methods Totally 240 gerbil models that were infected bone hydatid disease,were randomly divided into three groups (each group was further divided into three-month and six-month groups,40 gerbils per group),one group as a control group,the 40 Gy/5 times and 50 Gy/5 times groups were given 6WV-X line radiation therapy.After 5 consecutive radiation therapies,stopped for two days and then repeated for five times.At the end of three and six months after radiotherapy,the rate of death and the ulceration or infection of the lesions was compared.Fifteen gerbils from each group were randomly selected to observe the deaths of scolex,protein and calcium concentration changes,the maximum diameter changes of the lesions,the changes of hydatid cyst wet weight and the rate of suppressing capsule,the bone destruction,and rebuilding situation of lesions under a microscope.Results At the end of three and six months after radiation therapy,with increasing dosage,the deaths decreased significantly (x2 =10.4,17.4,all P ＜ 0.05);the ulceration or infection of the lesions decreased significantly (x2 =6.0,10.1,all P ＜ 0.05);the mortality rate of scolex increased [3 month:(22.4 ± 3.1),(95.0 ± 5.2),(136.0 ± 5.4);6 month:(23.2 ± 2.2),(98.2 ± 4.6),(169.3 ± 7.0);F =2 252.5,3 220.3,all P ＜ 0.05];the concentration of protein and the calcium ion were changed significantly [3 month:(1.059 ± 0.056),(0.733 ± 0.051),(0.571 ± 0.043)g/L and (2.802 ± 0.157),(3.056 ± 0.060),(3.546 ± 0.135)mmol/L;6 month:(1.088 ± 0.043),(0.753 ± 0.034),(0.340 ± 0.032)g/L and (2.804 ± 0.019),(3.068 ± 0.052),(3.886 ± 0.046)mmol/L;F =366.0,138.9 and 1 550.5,2 727.3,all P ＜ 0.05];the maximum diameters of the lesions reduced significantly [3 month:(2.38 ± 0.14),(1.69 ± 0.05),(1.40 ± 0.09)cm;6 month:(2.65 ± 0.05),(1.69 ± 0.03),(1.03 ± 0.06)cm;F =372.5,3 846.1,all P ＜ 0.05];the hydatid cyst wet weight decreased significantly [3 month:(3.47 ± 0.11),(2.54 ± 0.12),(1.46 ± 0.07)g;6 month:(3.75 ± 0.31),(2.55 ± 0.08),(1.02 ± 0.20)g;F =1 475.6,608.0,all P ＜ 0.05].In the same group with time went on,in the control and 40 Gy/5 times group,the deaths gradually increased (x2 =4.3,4.6,all P ＜ 0.05),but in the 50 Gy/5 times group,the deaths was not significantly increased (x2 =1.1,P ＞ 0.05);in the control and 40 Gy/5 times group,the ulceration or infection of the lesions gradually increased (x2 =5.5,4.3,all P ＜ 0.05),but in the 50 Gy/5 times group,the ulceration or infection of the lesions did not change significantly (x2 =0.3,P ＞ 0.05);in the 50 Gy/5 times group,the mortality rate of scolex was significantly increased (F =212.6,P ＜ 0.05);in 50 Gy/5 times group,the protein (calcium) concentration decreased (increased) significantly (F =271.8,84.7,all P ＜ 0.05);the maximum diameters of the lesions increased gradually in the control group (F =47.1,P ＜ 0.05),in 50 Gy/5 times group,the maximum diameters of the lesions decreased gradually (F =188.3,P ＜ 0.05);in the control group,hydatid cyst wet weight increased significantly (F =10.7,P ＜ 0.05),in the 50 Gy/5 times group,hydatid cyst wet weight was significantly reduced (F =68.5,P ＜ 0.05);with increasing dosage,the damage of the bone matrix and the cells in lacunae of the lesions gradually increased,in the same group with time went on,in the control group,a few amount of bone cells in lacuna died,and in 40 Gy/5 times and 50 Gy/5 times groups,the bone matrix and bone cells were partially repaired.Conclusion The long-term effects of appropriate dosage (50 Gy/5 times) radiation on experiments hydatid diseased gerbils are affirmed,but it is still need a clinical validation.

Objective Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a life-threatening neonatal disease during perinatal stage. Since excitatory amino acids (EAAs) and their receptors are involved in the pathogenesis. Sodium hydroxybutyrate ( r-OH ), an intermediate metabolite of GABA, may have beneficial effects on HIBD. Methods One-hundred seven-day (7d) SD rat pups were randomly assigned to one of three groups:(Ⅰ) control group (n= 20);(Ⅱ) sham operation group (n=20)and (Ⅲ) r-OH group which was further divided into 3 subgroups according to the dose of r-OH 50 mg?kg-1 (r-OH1) (n=20),100 mg?kg-1 (r-OH2) (n=20),200mg?kg-1 (r-OH3) ( n=20).Animals in control group and r-OH group were subjected to left carotid artery ligation followed by 2 h of hypoxia (O2 :N2=8%:92%).Normal saline ( NS) was administered ip immediately after sham operation or hypoxia,then 3 times a day for 7 days in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ.In r-OH group r-OH was administered ip instead of NS. Brain damage was evaluated by survival rate, pathology, the ratio of weight of left to right hemisphere on the 28 th day after ischemia-hypoxia and the capacity of learning and memory using Y-Maze test. Results (1) The survival rate on the 28 th day after hypoxia or sham operation was significant lower in control group (60%) than that in the other groups (85%-95% ) (P

Objective To evaluate the systematic and random set-up errors in patients immobilized with thermoplastic device during radiotherapy, and to determine the proper margins extended from clinical target volume ( CTV ) or internal target volume ( ITV ) to planning target volume ( PTV ). Methods From March 2007 to September 2007,120 patients were included in this study, including 13 receiving head and neck irradiation, 67 thoracic irradiation and 40 abdominal irradiation. All patients were immobilized with thermoplastic device and received CT simulation and intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT). X-ray cone beam CT was regularly performed before treatment and the images were compared with the simulation CT images. The shift and rotation in right-left( R-L), superior-inferior(S-I) and anterior-posterior(A-P) directions were recorded and analyzed. The shift margin from CTV or ITV to PTV was calculated with the equation, margin = 2'mean + 0.7'standard deviation. Results In head and neck region, the shift errors in R-L,S-I and A-P directions were(0.13 ±0.15) cm, (0.13 ±0.17) cm and(0.11 ±0.14) cm,and the corresponding rotation errors were 1.05°± 0.77°,0.87°± 1.13° and 0.68°±0.89°. The margins from CTV to PTV were 0.37 cm,0.38 cm and 0.31 cm,respectively. In thoraci region,the shift errors in R-L,S-I and AP directions were(0.20 ±0.27) cm, (0.34 ±0.44) cm and(0.25±0.31 ) cm,and the corresponding rotation errors were 1.06°±1.45° ,0.85°±1.23° and 0.78°±1.08°. The shift margins from ITV to PTV were 0.59 cm, 1.00 cm and 0.72 cm. In abdominal region, the shift errors in R-L, S-I and A-P directions were (0.23 ± 0.30) cm, (0.37 ±0.45 ) cm and ( 0.27 ±0.34 ) cm, and the corresponding rotation errors were 1.22°±1.56°, 1.05°± 1.44°and 0.98°± 1.24°. The shift margins from CTV or ITV to PTV were 0.66 cm, 1.05 cm and 0.78 cm. Conclusions Cone beam CT can be used in the precise measure of set-up errors,which can provide institution-specific margins for PTV designing in patients immobilized with thermoplastic device.