The electromicroscopic observation of atrialbiopsy was carried out in 10 patients with ventric-ular septal defect (VSD) and middle, severe pul-monary hypertension (PH). The observation sug-gests that there are myofibrillar lysis to disappearwith various degrees, dilated rough endoplasmreticulum and the increase in lipofuscin granulesand lipid droplets; mitochondral hyperplasia, theirsize and shape being different, disorganizing of mi-tochondria, disintegration of cristae, mitochondralretrograde degenration and decreased matrix elec-tron density. The dilated intercalated discs and in-crease in myocardial fibrous tissue were found inpart of patients. These structural changes areprobably due to chronic myocardial ischemia.

Background and purpose: Primary intracranial epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (EH) was rare. This study was to discuss the clinical pathological features, radiographic findings, treatment and prognosis of primary intracranial EH combined with literature review. Methods: We reviewed a case of EH reported from our hospital, and comprehensively analyzed the related literature. Results: Based on our report and review of the literature, EH is rare and with borderline or uncertain behavior. The original tumors demonstrated specific image features. The tumor usually appeared as a small nest or cords composed of eosinophilic epithlioid or spindled cells.Immunohistochemical assay were positive for endothelial markers CD31, CD34 and FⅧ. EH may be treated with complete surgical resection whenever possible and is sensitive to radiation. The EH has a favorable prognosis. Conclusion: EH has variable malignant potential, and should be differentiated from meningioma. Total resection and close follow-up is recommended. Additional radiotherapy is advised for residual tumors.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Met inhibitor XL-880 on radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231.Methods MDA-MB-231 cell lines were assigned to the following treatment groups:control group,radiation group,XL-880 group and combination group.Cell apoptosis,cell cycle distributions and tumorigenicity were investigated by flow cytometry or clonogenic assay.The expression of apoptosis and cell cycle related proteins (p21,Cyclin B1,Bcl-2,Caspase-3 and PARP),and phosphorylation levels of c-Met were measured by Western blot.Results XL-880 combined with radiation significantly decreased the proliferation activity of MDA-MB-231 cells (P ＜ 0.05).Flow cytometry results showed that the rate of G2/M cell were increased with XL-880 (P ＜ 0.05),and the rate were (17.3 ±1.3) ％,(20.0 ± 4.0) ％,(28.5 ± 3.1) ％,(57.0 ± 3.3) ％,respectively.Annexin V/PI double-staining assay showed that XL-880 obviously induced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells after radiation (P ＜ 0.05),of which the apoptotic rates were (7.3 ±0.9)％,(14.1 ±0.6)％,(35.5 ±4.4)％,(48.2±5.3)％,respectively.XL-880 downregulated the expressions of Cyclin B1 and anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2,while promoted the expression of apoptosis related protein cleaved Caspase-3 and PARP.Conclusions XL-880 enhance the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 by inhibiting Met pathway.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung metastases from breast cancer.Methods The clinical data of 119 breast cancer patients treated at our institution from January 2000 to January 2007 were retrospectively reviewed.Results Among 119 patients with lung metastasis,35.3％ was hormone receptor (HR) +/human epithelial growth factor receptor (HER2)-,17.6％ was HR +/HER2 +,21.8％ was HR-/HER2 + and 25.2％ was trriple negative breast cancer (TNBC).The rate of grade Ⅲ in triple negative breast cancer was higher than the other subtypes(P =0.016).The median overall survival was 60 months (9-141 months),the median time to lung metastases was 29 months (3-99 months),and the median survival after lung metastasis was 33 months (range,6-98 months).The 1-,2-,3-and 5-year survival rate was 72.9％,54.1％,35.1％ and 14.4％.Conclusions TNBC,number of lung metastases,time to lung metastases less than 24 months,and a history of systemic chemotherapy were important factors for prognosis of patients with lung metastases.

The fermentation conditions which affect C-15? hydroxylation o f 18-methyl-estr- 4-ene-3,17-dione were investigated. As the key step in the Hydroxylation, the dissolution of substrate was focused on. Tween80, MeOH, DMSO,?-CD and 2-HP?CD were studied to improve the dissolvability of 18-met hyl-estr-4-ene-3,17-dione.The other factors such as pH, substrate concent ration and aeration strategies which affected conversion rate were also resea rched. As a result, the conversion rate can be up to 60% in shake flask and ach i(eve 50% in fermentor,which would overcome the disadvantage of 15?-hydroxyl -18-methyl-estr-4-ene-3,17-dione chemosynthesis and provide a good techn ics to industry.

Objective To study the effect of fluoride on bone metabolism in rats, and to understand the mechanism of pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis. Methods A total of 80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups that included control group (distilled water), low-dose group(NaF, 50 mg/L), medium-dose group (NaF,100 mg/L) and high-dose group(NaF, 150 mg/L), respectively. After being bred for 12 weeks, the rats were put to death (etherization). Incidence of dental fluorosis was estimated, and serum was collected. Radioimmunoassay was employed to detect the levels of osteocalcin (BGP), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), respectively.Colorimetry method was employed to determine the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP). Results Incidence of dental fluorosis between the four groups was significantly different statistically(x2 =82.81 ,P ＜ 0.01 ). The incidence was significantly different(x2 = 22.67, 40.00, 40.00, all P＜ 0.01 ) between low-dose ( 80%, 16/20), medium-dose ( 100%, 20/20), high-dose groups ( 100%, 20/20) and control group (0,0/20),respectively. Serum levels of BGP, PTH, CT were significantly different between the groups(F = 38.614, 20.778,3.023, P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference between the four.groups of ALP and ACP in serum (F = 0.609,2.895, all P ＞ 0.05 ). Serum BGP in low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups[ ( 19.60 ± 12.79),(33.41 ± 10.81 ), (39.46 ± 9.51 )mg/L, respectively] was significantly higher than that of the control group[ (7.35 ± 3.22)mg/L, all P ＜ 0.01 ]. Serum PTH in low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups[ (72.27 ± 25.38), (67.80 ± 12.01), (106.52 ± 36.37)pmol/L] was significantly higher than that of the control group[(47.08 ± 9.22)pmol/L,all P ＜ 0.01 ]. Serum PTH of the high-dose group was significantly higher than that of the low-dose and the mediumdose groups(all P ＜ 0.01 ). Serum CT in medium-dose and high-dose groups[ ( 13.39 ± 2.07), ( 15.05 ± 4.77)pmol/L ] was significantly lower than that of the control group[ (26.06 ± 28.31 ) pmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05 ] and also significantly lower than that of the low-dose group [ (24.49 ± 14. 10) pmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05 ]. Conclusions Fluoride affects bone metabolism in rats, BGP, PTH and CT play a key role in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and pathogenic genes of a familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis ( HOKPP).Methods PCR amplification and DNA sequencing were used to screen candidate genes of the HOKPP family members (CACNA1S, SCN4A, KCNE3), and the clinical features were carefully analyzed at the same time.Results The sequencing analyses of the SCN4A gene in the proband identified three nucleotide sequence mutations, which influenced the amino acid sequence of the skeletal sodium channel.One of the mutations was identified as a C/T heterozygous pattern at the 2111th nucleotide position in exon 13, resulting in a change from Thr to Met at the 704th amino acid position of the sodium channel protein.All affected patients carried the Thr704Met mutation, whereas unaffected family members did not.Clinical symptoms in this family followed an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.Muscles weakness, pain and hypokalemia in the period between attacks were seen in all patients.Paralytic symptoms occurred early, lasted longer and recurred frequently, while cold was the main predisposing factor.With the progress of the disease, patients represented persistent weakness and atrophy in proximal muscles.Conclusions Mutation (Thr704Met) in the SCN4A gene should be responsible for this family.This mutation causes severe HOKPP and progressive muscle atrophy.

Objective To investigate the occurrence of postoperative healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in pa-tients with hepatobiliary malignant tumor,explore the related risk factors,so as to provide the basis for taking ef-fective prevention and control measures.Methods The occurrence of postoperative HAI in patients with hepatobili-ary malignant tumor in a hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed,risk factors for postoperative HAI were analyzed through reviewing and collecting patients’medical data.Results A total of 302 patients were investigated,42 (13.91 %)developed postoperative HAI,no multiple site infection occurred,the main infection site was deep surgical site (n=10,23.81 %),followed by lower respiratory tract (n=9,21 .43%) and digestive system (n=7,16.67%).Of 42 infection cases,38(90.48%)were sent specimens for pathogenic cul-ture,36 pathogenic strains were isolated,31 (86.11 %)of which were gram-negative bacteria,and 5 (13.89%) were gram-positive bacteria.Multivariate logistic analysis showed that operation duration≥2 hours (OR =1 .48), overweight (or obesity)(OR=1 .40),and preoperative radiotherapy (OR=2.98)were independent risk factors for postoperative HAI in patients with hepatobiliary malignant tumor (all P <0.05).Conclusion Incidence of postoper-ative HAI is high in patients with hepatobiliary malignant tumor,risk factors are long length of operation,over-weight (or obesity),and preoperative radiotherapy,effective prevention and control measures against risk factors should be taken.

Objective: To observe the effect of oxidative-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) injured human leukemia mononuclear cells (THP-1) adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)in vitrowith the intervening function of dredging collateral drug, tongxinluo (TXL) and ginsenoside (Rb1). Methods: Cell injury was induced by ox-LDL treatment. The cells were divided into 4 groups:①Normal control group,②Injury model group, the cells were cultured by ox-LDL,③TXL group, the cells were cultured with both ox-LDL and TXL,④Rb1 group. HUVEC viability was measured by MTS assay, adherence rate of THP-1 cells to HUVECs was tested by vital cell staining. The contents of monocyte chemoat-tractant protein (MCP-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1), soluble inter vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and E-selectin in HUVEC conditioned medium were detected by ELISA; protein expressions of CCR2, VLA4 and Mac-1 in THP-1 cells were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: Compared with Control group, HUVEC viability was decreased in Injury model group (100 ±1.31) % vs(75.57 ± 1.02) %, while increased in both TXL and Rb1 groups (99.25 ± 1.40) % and (99.48 ± 2.15) %; Injury model group showed elevated adherence rate of THP-1 cells to HUVECs, while the adherence rates were reduced in both TXL and Rb1 groups. Compared with Injury model group, TXL group and Rb1 group showed decreased levels of MCP-1, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and E-selectin in HUVEC conditioned medium; decreased protein expressions of CCR2, VLA4 and Mac-1 in THP-1 cells. Conclusion: TXL and Rb1 could protect HUVECs, reduce ox-LDL injury induced vascular endothelial cell adhesion and decrease relevant receptor expression in monocytes; therefore, inhibit injured monocytes adherence to vascular endothelial cells.

20) were analyzed.ResultsMODS was staged according to "Lu shan conference" diagnostic criteria.In this group of patients there were 27 deaths(24.7%),of which 1 patient(3.9%) was stage I,7 patients(15.6%) stage II,9 patients(45%) stage III,and 10 patients(90.9%) stage IV.Prognosis varied with stage of MODS.The incidence of MODS increased with higher scores of body injury, and mortality rate increased with the increase of the number of failured organs.Conclusions The diagnostic classification of MODS has obvious clinical significance. It (provides) clinicians with an important basis for early diagnosis and treatment of MODS.