A myxobacterial strain, So ce cpu-1, was isolated from a soil sample near the Huanghai beach. So ce cpu-1 had broad antimicrobial activity, active component has maxima] absorption at 210 nm. The effects of different culture conditions on the yield of the secondary metabolites were investigated. The results showed that, when cultivating the strain in the M, medium (containing 10% w/v D312 neutral absorber resin ), the air up to 70% of the whole flask volume, adding 5?L the secondary metabolites as the revulsant, at 30℃, 200r/min, for 6 days, the yield of the secondary metabolites achieved the maximum.

To arouse students’autonomous study,a reform was carried out in experimen- tal teaching of preventive medicine. Taking exploratory experiment as a cut-in point,students were free to choose subjects,design blueprint,do spot research and compose papers etc.,which efficiently inspired students’learning interest and exploring spirit,cultivated their creative think-ing and researching ability.

Objective To determine the optimum dose of bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia with epidural volume extension (EVE) in patients undergoing cesarean delivery.Methods A total of 100 parturients,weighing 55-100 kg,with body height of 155-170 cm,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective cesarean delivery,were included and randomized to receive bupivacaine at 5 different doses (A,B,C,D,and E groups) using a random number table,with 20 patients in each group.In A,B,C,D,and E groups,bupivacaine 6.75,7.50,8.25,9.00 and 9.75 mg were injected into the subarachnoid space,respectively,and the volume was all 1.5 ml.After successful spinal anesthesia,an epidural catheter was placed,and normal saline 10 ml was given through the catheter to perform EVE.A successful spinal block was defined as attainment of sensory block of at least T5 within 15 min after EVE along without requirement for additional local anesthetics within 60 min after EVE.The rate of successful spinal anesthesia,time to reach sensory block of T5,the maximum level of sensory block,and the first requirement for local anesthetics were recorded.The occurrence of hypotension,tachycardia,bradycardia,nausea,vomiting,chest distress,dyspnea,shivering,and referred pain and consumption of metaraminol were recorded during spinal anesthesia.Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after birth were recorded.Results With the increasing doses of bupivacaine,the efficacy of spinal anesthesia was enhanced,and the occurrence of adverse reactions was increased.Compared with group C,the rate of successful spinal anesthesia,and the maximum level of sensory block were significantly increased,the time to reach sensory block of T5 was shortened,and the incidence of hypotension and nausea and consumption of metaraminol were increased in group E;the time to reach sensory block of T5 was significantly shortened,Apgar scores at 1 min after birth were increased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the rate of successful spinal anesthesia,the first requirement for local anesthetics,the rate of time to reach sensory block ofT5≤ 15 min,and the maximum level of sensory block in group D (P＞0.05).Compared with group D,the time to reach sensory block of T5 was significantly shortened,the incidence of nausea and consumption of metaraminol were increased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was detected in the rate of successful spinal anesthesia,the first requirement for local anesthetics,the rate of time to reach sensory block of T5 ≤ 15 min,and the maximum level of sensory block in group E (P＞0.05).Conclusion The optimum dose of bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia with EVE is 9.00 mg in patients undergoing caesarean delivery.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical characteristics and treatment of posterior Pilon fracture.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to January 2013,18 patients with posterior Pilon fracures were treated. Among them, 13 were male and 5 were female, aged from 22 to 63 years old, with an average age of 46. All the patients were closed fractures. Open reduction and internal fixation were performed after swelling subsided, lateral malleolous and posterior Pilon fracture were exposured through lateral approach on healthy side, plates were used to fixed,screws or small plates were used to fix the posterior prominence of medial malleolus after changed to supine position. AOFAS scoring were applied to evaulate clinical effects.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up with an average of 22(ranged, 12 to 48)months. All patients obtained satisfactory reset except one patient. All factures were recovered well with an average healing of 11 weeks. According to AOFAS score at the final following up, 7 cases were excellent,2 cases were moderate, and the total score was 86.8±9.2.

CONCLUSIONPosterior Pilon fracture is not rare in clinical, its mechanism of injury, traumatic anatomy, surgical procedure and prognosis are different from that of classical ankle fracture and Pilon fracture.

Adult ; Ankle Injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of balance cupping therapy on non-specific low back pain.Methods 75 patients with non-specific low back pain were randomly divided into the control group (n=25), cupping therapy group (n=25) and balance cupping therapy group (n=25). The patients in the control group were received diclofenac sodium enteric-coated capsule; the cases in other two groups were treated with cupping therapy and balance cupping therapy separately. After 3 weeks' treatment, the changes of the visual analogous scores and Oswestry disability index of two groups' patients were observed.Results The visual analogous scores and Oswestry disability index of the balance cupping therapy group were significantly lower than that of the control group and cupping therapy group ( P<0.05) after 3 weeks' treatment. But between the control group and cupping therapy group there was no difference.Conclusion Balance cupping therapy is one of effective treatment methods for non-specific low back pain.

Objective To compare the efficacy of different target concentrations of etomidate in combination with midazolam,fentanyl and rocuronium used to induce anesthesia for tracheal intubation.Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ and Mallampati Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 25-50 yr,weighing 57-76 kg,scheduled for elective non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly allocated into 4 groups according to the target effect-site concentration of etomidate (n =20 each) ∶ 0.5 μg/ml group (group E0.5),0.7 μg/ml group (group E0.7),0.9μg/ml group (group E0.9) and 1.1 μg/ml group (group E1.1).The patients were unpremedicated.Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,fentanyl 3 μg/kg,rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg and etomidate given by target-controlled infusion.When the effect-site concentration of etomidate reached 0.5,0.7,0.9 or 1.1 μg/ml,endotracheal intubation was performed.Auditory evoked potential index was recorded before induction of anesthesia (baseline),immediately before intubation,during insertion of the laryngoscope,and at 1,3 and 5 min after intubation.Myoclonus,injection pain,the requirement for vasoactive agents and burst suppression (BS) were recorded during induction of anesthesia.Results Compared with group E0.5,the requirement for urapidil was significantly decreased in group E0.7,the requirement for esmolol and urapidil was significantly decreased and the incidence of BS was increased in group E0.9,the requirement for esmolol and urapidil was significantly decreased,and the requirement for atropine and ephedrine and incidence of BS were increased in group E1.1 (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of BS was significantly higher in group E0.9,and the requirement for atropine and incidence of BS were significantly higher in group E1.1 than in group E0.7 (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of BS was significantly higher in group E1.1 than in group E0.9 (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in auditory evoked potential index and incidences of myoclonus and injection pain among the four groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The optimum target concentration of etomidate is 0.7μg/ml when combined with midazolam,fentanyl and rocuronium used to induce anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the pathogen culturing of the catheter related infection(CRI),cathe-ter related bloodstram infection(CRB)and risk factors after central venous catheter(CVC)of cardiovascular surgery in order to provide the beneficial reference.Methods From Jan 2005 to Dec 2005,a total of 300 cases central ve-nous cathers were determined,and the cusp of the catheters was determined by bacteria cultivation,and blood bacte-ria cultivation.Results The infection happened in 35 of 300 patients with inserted central venous catheter.The cusps of CRI rate was 11.7%.CRB rate was 1.7%.54.3%pathogens were gram-positive cocci,34.3% were gram-negative bacilli,11.4% were fungi.The most common strain were Staphylococcus epidermis,Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginose,and Candiadia albicans.The infection rate increased obviously when the dwelling time>6 d.Conclusion CRI and CRB are the most severe complication of CVC,and it is important to cut down the death with the early diagnosis and applying antibiotics rationally.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of intraoperalive detection in rib bone marrow micmmetastasis(BMMs)of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and the relationship between the micROmetast ases and clinicopathologic factors.Method From April 2004 to May 2007,146 patients undergoing surgical treatment for NSCLC were prospectively investigated for the presence of BMMs by the immunohistochemisury method.Remits 30.82%(45/146)of NSCLC patients were detected with BMMs,15(33.33%)patients developed remote metastases of the 45 patients with BMMs,14(13.86%)patients developed metastases of the 101 patients without BMMs.Patients with BMMs demonstrated an earlier metastasis and a lower survival rate compared with patients without BMMs(P＜0.05).There Was trend for ahigher frequency and the occurrence of BMMs changed with tumor stages and the histologic differentiation of the tumor.No relationship was found between BMMs and age,T grade,as well as tumor dimension.Conclusions The detection of BMMs can predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients and identifies patients withNSCLC who are at significantly increased risk for metastasis and survival,which may be useful in evalnatingpatients for adjuvant treatment

Objective To analyse the changes of metabolic parameters and condition of metabolic syndrome(MS)in females with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS),and explore the interaction between OSAHS and MS.Methods Sixty females undergoing polysomnography were included,and were divided into simple snorer group(n=19),mild OSAHS group(n=21)and moderate to severe OSAHS group(n=20).Epworth sleepiness scale(ESS)scores and metabolic parameters were compared among groups.Forty-one patients with OSAHS were subdivided into group with MS(MS group,n=15)and group without MS(non-MS group,n=26).ESS scores,apnea hypopnea index(AHI),oxygen desaturation index(ODI)and lowest pulse oxygen saturation(LSpO_2)were compared between MS group and non-MS group.Results There was no significant difference in age,body mass index(BMI),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density cholesterol(LDL),high density cholesterol(HDL),apolipoprotein A-I(apoA-I)and apolipoprotein B(apoB) among simple snorer group,mild OSAHS group and moderate to severe OSAHS group(P>0.05).Correlation analysis revealed ESS was positively related to AHI(r=0.327,P=0.011).ESS scores and proportions of hypertension,fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and MS were significantly higher in moderate to severe OSAHS group than those in simple snorer group(P<0.05).BMI,FPG,TG,proportion of hypertension,ODI and ESS score in MS group were significantly higher than those in non-MS group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in AHI and LspO_2 between these two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion ESS score may reflect the severity of OSAHS in females.Females with OSAHS matched for age and BMI have no difference in blood fat.With the increase of severity of OSAHS,glycometabolism can be impaired,the prevalences of hypertension and MS increase.MS can exacerbate the severity of OSAHS,indicating that MS and OSAHS interact with each other.

Escherichia coli AFP111 is a spontaneous mutant with mutations in the glucose specific phosphotransferase system (ptsG) in NZN111 (delta pflAB deltaldhA). In AFP111, conversion of xylose to succinic acid generates 1.67 molecule of ATP per xylose. However, the strain needs 2.67 molecule ATP for xylose metabolism. Therefore, AFP111 cannot use xylose due to insufficient ATP under anaerobic condition. Through an atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) jet, we got a mutant strain named DC111 that could use xylose under anaerobic condition in M9 medium to produce succinic acid. After 72 h, DC111 consumed 10.52 g/L xylose to produce 6.46 g/L succinic acid, and the yield was 0.78 mol/mol. Furthermore, the reaction catalyzed by the ATP-generating PEP-carboxykinase (PCK) was enhanced. The specific activity of PCK was 19.33-fold higher in DC111 than that in AFP111, which made the strain have enough ATP to converse xylose to succinic acid.
Atmosphere ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Industrial Microbiology ; Metabolic Engineering ; Mutation ; Plasma Gases ; pharmacology ; Succinic Acid ; metabolism ; Temperature ; Xylose ; metabolism