Abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein(α-Syn) is thought to be a key event in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). In recent years, it was shown that above 90% of α-Syn deposited in Lewy bodies in brain tissues from patients with PD is phosphorylated, which suggested that α-Syn phosphorylation be connected with the occurrence of PD. Several kinds of phosphokinases can make α-Syn phosphorylated, however the precise roles of these phosphokinases in PD are less clear.

A focal cerebral infarction results in anterograde and retrograde secondary degenera-tion in remote site. The secondary degeneration in remote site may progress gradually in a certain time and cause harmful effects on the neural function recovery of patients.

Objective To identify the conflict management strategies of staff nurses in Macau. Methods The Thomas -Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI)was employed in the study to investigate the conflict management strategies of a convenience sample of 140 staff nurses who were pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (Supplementary) Programme in Macau. Results The most commonly used strategy by staff nurses in Macau for conflict management was accommodation, followed by avoidance, then compromise. In contrast, the least often used strategy was competition. Conclusions Chinese culture as well as nursing education background should be fully considered when developing the training plan of conflict man -agement strategies for staff nurses in Macau.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of serum bilirubin,uric acid(UA) and coronary heart disease unstable angina pectoris.Methods The leves of total bilirubin (TBIL),direct bilirubin (DBIL),indirect bilirubin(IBIL) and UA in venous blood by limosis were determind in 202 patients with unstable angina pectoris.We determine the different levels of TBIL,DBIL,IBIL and UA when they were suffering from angina pectoris.Then we respectively determine the levels of TBIL,DBIL,IBIL and UA in 3 months,6 months and 12 months after they had been suffered from angina pectoris.Results The levels of serum bilirubin were lower and UA were higher,when the patients were suffering from angina pectoris.Conclusion We can indirectly assess the oxidative and antioxidative activities by testing bilirubin and UA in unstable angina pectoris.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanisms of continuous infusion of norepinephrine in kidney of septic rats in the early stage.Methods Thirty healthy male SD rats of SPF level were randomly divided into five groups.Rats in control group were given intraperitoneal injection of saline and began a continuous infusion of saline (1 ml/h).Rats in LPS group and the intervention group (low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose norepinephrine group) were given intraperitoneal injection of LPS 10 mg/kg.LPS group began a continuous infusion of saline (1 ml/h) while low,medium and high dose groups began continuous infusion of different norepinephrine solution [(0.06,0.3,0.6 μg/(kg·min)].Rats were sacrificed after 24 hours infusion.We detected serum inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6 and IL-10] in 2 h and 6 h by ELISA.Rat serum CRP,Cr and BUN,swelling and membrane potential of kidney mitochondria and oxidative stress-related indicators were tested in 24 h.We also observed renal pathologic changes by electronic microscopy and biopsy.Results Compared with the control group,serum levels of TNF-α [(2 203.3 ± 1 028.7) pg/ml],IL-1β [(2 214.5 ±457.0) pg/ml],IL-6 [(7784.7 ±248.2) pg/ml] and IL-10 [(1 076.1 ±368.4) pg/ml] were statistically higher in LPS group in 2 h (P ＜ 0.05) ; CRP [(0.35 ± 0.24) mg/L],Cr [(30.8 ± 11.5) μ mol/L],BUN [(7.7 ± 1.8) mmol/L],NO [(1 057.4 ± 172.9) μmol/gprot] were statistically higher (P ＜ 0.01),membrane potential of kidney mitochondria (0.0464 ±0.018 5) decreased statistically (P ＜0.01).Compared with LPS group,serum levels of TNF-αt [(506.8 ±301.7) pg/ml],IL-lβ [(415.6 ± 178.0) pg/ml],and IL-10 [(381.7 ± 171.0) pg/ml] significantly decreased in low-dose group in 2 h (P ＜0.05),BUN [(5.2 ± 1.4)mmol/L] decreased (P ＜ 0.05),mitochondrial membrane potential (0.347 4 ± 0.152 6) increased in 24 h (P ＜ 0.05) ; serum levels of TNF-α [(323.9 ± 227.9) pg/ml],IL-1 β [(700.0 ± 246.2) pg/ml],and IL-10[(282.6 ± 134.4) pg/ml] significantly decreased statistically in medium-dose group in 2 h (P ＜0.05),CRP [(0.17 ± 0.08) mg/L] decreased statistically (P ＜ 0.01),mitochondrial membrane potential (0.377 5 ±0.143 7) increased in 24 h (P ＜0.05) ;serum levels of TNF-α [(378.7 ±89.8) pg/ml],IL-1β [(945.7 ±264.4) pg/ml] significantly decreased in high-dose group in 2 h (P ＜0.05),CRP [(0.19 ±0.12) mg/L] and Cr [(23.2 ±3.4) μmol/L] decreased in 24 h (P ＜0.05).Mitochondrial matrix coated fuzzy,vacuoles and coagulation were found in LPS group by electronic microscopy examination.Interstitial edema,monocyte-macrophage infiltration,glomerular shrinkage,tubular epithelial cell swelling,empty bubble degeneration were found in LPS group by microscopy examination.Pathological damage was alleviated in mediumdose group.Conclusion Continuous infusion of norepinephrine plays a protective role on renal function in rats with sepsis in the early stage.The intervention protect rat kidney by reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines,oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage.

Breast neoplasm shows high rate of incidence and mortality among females.Although thereare a variety of treatments for breast neoplasm,breast neoplasm metastasis is still an intractable medical problem.At present,the related mechanisms of breast neoplasm metastasis are as follows:epithelial-mesenchymal transition,dissolution of extracellular matrix,circulating tumor cells or disseminated tumor cells,tumor vessels and tumor microenvironment.Making clear of the related mechanisms of breast neoplasm metastasis has certain guiding significance for the prediction and treatmence of breast neoplasm metastasis.

Humans ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Pathology, Molecular ; methods ; Precision Medicine

Objective To investigate the influence on the proliferation of the precursor cells from the inner ear of SD rats by different ages and growth factors in vitro .Methods The organs of utricle or saccule or cochlear Corti were isolated from different days’ SD rats born on different days(P1 ,P7 ,P14 ,P21 ,P30 ,P60) .From 12 SD rats of different age ,with 24 ears ,precursor cells were dissociated and cultivated under non -adherent conditions as single cell .We then counted the number of cell spheres under inverted phase contrast microscope .The results were statisti-cally anayzed and the quantity change curve of the same organ in different age rats were described until the single cells were cultured for 7 days .The culture medium was supplemented with defferent growth factor to observe the effects of the grow th factor on the number of cell spheres .Immunofluorescence assays were conducted for phenotype characterization .Results ① Some newly isolated single cells ,labeled by nestin ,were from each inner ear organ of rats(P1) .During 7 days in culture ,cells kept proliferation and formed suspended spheres ,which were expressed Br-dU and nestin positive .② The cell spheres could only formed from each cochlear Corti of rats (P1 ,P7) .But cell spheres that formed from each utricle or saccule were observed in a single saccule culture medium of all rats (P1~P60) .③The number of cell spheres ,which were formed by the isolated cells from inner ear organs of single utricle or saccule or cochlear Corti ,increased obviously in the presence of EGF or bFGF or IGF -1 ,but were not obviously in LIF .Statistically significant differences were seen between control group and every experimental group including EGF group ,bFGF group ,IGF-1 group(P<0 .01) ,but were not seen between control group and LIF group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The highly proliferative cells were present in the vestibular organ (utricle or saccule) and cochle-ar Corti of SD rats .They could express the characterization of neural stem cell .As increase of the age ,the overall trend of proliferative capability is declining .Each of EGF and bFGF and IGF -1 possess the promoting effects for proliferation on the precursor cells alone ,which is not in present of LIF .

Objective: To compare the proteomic differences in early cervical carcinoma tissues with various radiosensitivities and provide the basis for determining of radiosensitivity-associated proteins in cervical carcinoma. Methods: The fresh carcinoma tissues were collected from 10 untreated cervical carcinoma patients and preserved at - 80C. According to WHO Criterion of Therapeutical Effect of Solid Carcinoma, the tissues were classified into two groups: high sensitive group (HS) and low sensitive group (LS). The total protein was extracted and separated by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The PD-quest 7.0 software was used to perform image matching and difference analysis to identify the differentially expressed protein-spots between the two groups. The identified protein spot was cut in electrophoretic gel in situ, digested with trypsin, and analyzed by Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The peptide mass fingerprintings (PMF) was obtained. The proteins were identified by data searching in the Mascot database. Some differentially expressed proteins were confirmed by Western blotting. Results: The constructed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis profiles had high resolution and good reproducibility for both HS and IS groups. There were (754 + 64) differentially expressed protein spots (n = 5) in HS group and (777 ± 48) in LS group (n = 5). Some protein spots with differential ratio more than 2-fold were selected and analyzed by mass spectrometry. The average matching rate was 87.6% between the two groups. Eight differentially expressed proteins were successfully identified among which five proteins had overexpression and three proteins had weak expression in HS group. The results of Western blotting were consistant with proteomic screening. Conclusion: There was significant difference in protein profilings between HS and LS early cervical carcinoma after radiotherapy. The differentially expressed proteins may be radiosensitivity-associated proteins.

As an independent subject, TCM psychology appeared in 1980s, but it could be traced back to the book, the Inner Canon of Huangdi (Huangdineijing) formed in Qin and Han Dynasties. Physicians in the later generations developed TCM psychology based on that occurred in the Inner Canon of Huangdi, which made it became mature gradually, and Sun Simiao was one representative figure among them. The fundamental features of TCM psychological theory of Sun Simiao are summarized here.