The primary eye care service is still absent in most of primary medical organizations in present China.Since imaging examinations provide main contribution to the diagnosis of eye diseases,ophthalmology and blindness prevention have technical predominance and requiring market in the field of telemedicine or e-healthy.We have explored different paradigms of blindness prevention according to variable levels of the region economy and medical conditions.In the urban community,the paradigm for preventable blindness has been adopted,and however,in the rural areas,the paradigm for curable blindness has been taken.It should be advocated to combine the primary eye care with the primary healthy care.It is in favor of sharing information,enhancing efficiency,improving quality, as well as entire orientation management to carry out digitalized ophthalmology regional cooperative medical service.Moreover,governmental leading function and policy sustaining are needed to complete the reform.

[Objective]To explore the rabbits' lipid peroxidation and cytokine level change caused by endotoxemia,use EPO for intervention.[Method]Bleed rabbits femoral for shock,after coming to,make injection of endotoxin,two beatings make dysfunctional multi-organs model;randomly divide 24 healthy rabbits into control group(1),2-beating group(2),EPO group(3),8 in each;take blood for testing indexes of TNF?,IL6,IL10 and MDA.[Result]Group 2 was higher than other groups on MDA level,group 3 less than group 2;group 2 was much higher than other 2 groups on TNF?,IL6 and IL10,group 3 less than group 2.[Conclusion]The cytokines and lipid peroxidation participating in the course of multi-organ injury caused by blood loss shock and endotoxemia can be reduced by EPO.

Prevention and management of glaucoma is a priority task in the second phase of WHO " Vision 2020" project. In order to popularize the knowledge of glaucoma guideline, the author compiles the protocol of glaucoma guideline summary after referring to those deriving from American Academy of Ophthalmology, European Glaucoma Society, and South East Asia Glaucoma Interest Group. The guideline summary is easy to master and verify, and highlight the crucial points. The ISNT rule of neuroretinal rim is used to differentiate diagnosis between the physiological cup and glaucomatous rim lost. Foster's classification for primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is used to select the treatment for PACG. It is emphasized that taking target pressure in the initial diagnosis, monitoring the optic discs and visual field loss in follow-up, and glaucoma screening by non-mydriatic digital fundus camera in the high risk population with screening diabetic retinopathy.

Health Promotion ; organization & administration ; Humans ; Occupational Health ; Occupational Health Services ; organization & administration ; Risk Assessment

Objective To observethe effect of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on serum level of antibrain-antibody (ABAb) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods Thirtysix patients with severe traumatic brain injury were randomly divided into control group (19 patients) and CVVH group (17 patients).The control group accepted conventional treatment,the CVVH group accepted CVVH treatment additionally for 7 d.ELISA was used to measure serum level of ABAb at 1,3,5,7,14 d after treatment.The change of ABAb in serum of each group was observed.The scores of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was assessed everyday.Results The level of ABAb in CVVH group was significantly lower than that in control group from the third day after treatment[the third day:(1.28 ± 0.25) kU/L vs.(1.33 ± 0.30) kU/L;the fifth day:(1.37 ±0.17) kU/L vs.(1.42 ±0.22) kU/L;the seventh day:(1.45 ±0.37) kU/L vs.(1.52 ± 0.35) kU/L;the fourteenth day:(1.49 ± 0.41) kU/L vs.(1.67 ± 0.39) kU/L,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01].The scores of GCS in CVVH group was significantly higher than that in control group from the seventh day after treatment [the seventh day:(6.95 ± 1.24) scores vs.(5.74 ± 1.51) scores;the fourteenth day:(9.29 ± 1.76) scores vs.(7.22 ± 1.24) scores] (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion CVVH can decrease the level of ABAb and improve the prognosis.

Objection]To study the clinical effect of self-prescribed jianpihuazhuoxiaoyu decoction in treating the patients with non-alcoholic liver of fat. [Methods]45 patients were treated with self-prescribed Jianpihuazhuoxiaoyu decoction in treatment group and other 45 patients with Polyene Phosphatidylcholine Capsules and Ursodeoxycholic Acid. Observe the patients'body mass index(BMI),radiological changes,liver function(AST/ALT) and lipids(TG/TC/HDL/LDL). [Results] The total effective rates were 91.3%,82.6% respectively, compared with the control group,the treatment group significantly improved liver function,lipid content decreased,obesity weight was effectively controlled and reduced,sonogram also showed improvement in the texture of the liver,compared with control group there were significant differences(P<0.05),difference was statistically significant.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for reasonably designing package inserts of ointment for manufacturers. METH-ODS:According to items included in Management Regulation for Package Insert and Label and Specification for Chemicals and Bi-ological Products for Treatment,labeled items in package inserts of 51 kinds of ointment for external use during Jan.-Jun. 2016 in our hospital were analyzed. RESULTS:Among the 51 kinds of ointment,39 were domestic varieties and 12 were imported variet-ies. In the package inserts of 39 domestic varieties,items with lower labeling rates were overdose,pharmacokinetics,use guid-ance,pharmacology and toxicology,with labeling rates of 2.6%,5.1%,15.4%,28.2%;while the labeling rates of imported vari-eties were 16.7%,83.3%,75.0%,100%. Compared with package inserts of imported ointment,composition,dosage and usage, adverse reactions,contraindications,precautions,drug interactions,medication for special populations were not enough detailed in domestic ointments. CONCLUSIONS:It is suggested that manufacturers consult medicine experts, list all auxiliary materials through Management Regulation for Drug Description and Label,refine and improve the labeling contents of dosage and usage,ad-verse reactions,precautions,medication for special populations,pharmacology and toxicology,overdose,etc. In addition,admin-istrative departments should strengthen the regulatory approval efforts.

In this paper graduation field work of students of one grade majoring in preventive medicine is investigated by means of questionnaire and making a diary for practice.The investigation shows that the major difficulty for the practical units to admit trainees is no housing.In spite of this,most of the units welcome the students and devote much attention to guiding practice.Generally,they can arrange for interns to practice in different departments according to the time and the contents of the practice plan.Different units have different practice situations.Each unit has a good evaluation of our school's students,except for the operation skill.The writers hereby have offered concrete suggestions on how to solve the problems.

Multidrug-resistant organisms are growing worldwide public health problem and few therapeutic options remain available.The traditional antimicrobials (glycopeptides) for multidrug-resistant Grampositive infections are declining in efficacy.New antimicrobials that are presently available are linezolid,daptomicin and tigecycline,which have well-defined indications for severe multidrug-resistant organisms infections.Unfortunately,the therapies available for multidrug-resistant Gram-negatives including carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacteriaceae are limited to colistin and tigecycline only.Distribution of multidrug-resistant organisms are changing in recent years.Strains of multidrug-resistant organisms were dominated by Gram-negative bacteria in most hospital particularly in intensive care unit.Multidrug-resistant/pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii are increasing rapidly in trend.Strategy that includes surveillance,infection control procedures,isolation and antimicrobial principle should be emphasized and implemented to reduce multidrug-resistant organism diffusion.

Objective To investigate the variations of serum levels of visfatin in pregnant women with different types of glucose intolerance and the associations with insulin resistance.metabolic parameters and newborn birth weight.Methods Totally,120 pregnant women in late trimester were divided into 3 groups according to the results of 50 g glucose challenge test(GCT)and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test:GDM group(n=45),GCT(+)group(n=20),and NGT group(n=55).Fasting levels of visfatin,insulin,total cholestrol and triglyceride were measured and the newborn birth weight was recorded.Results The serum visfatin level was significantly elevated in GDM group compared with the NGT group[(374.9±23.1)ng/ml vs(308.9±16.8)ng/ml,P＜0.05],but no significant difference was shown when compared with the GET(+)group[(346.5±23.1)ng/ml].Furthermore,serum visfatin levels had no relationship with insulin resistance,metabolic parameter and newbom birth weight.Conclusions Visfatin is elevated in GDM women and closely related with GDM,but not with insulin resistance,metabolic parameters and newborn birth weight.