Based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and clinical experience, traditional Chinese herbal drug toxicity has its own special connotation. From the perspective of history and logic, the different comprehension of toxicity between Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine was discussed after retracing the meaning of "drug toxicity" in traditional Chinese medicine. The authors suggest that it's not feasible to study the Chinese medicine coping mechanically and applying indiscriminately the concept and the research idea about modern drug toxicity since there is different understanding of "drug toxicity" between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Many control elements are involved in the use of traditional Chinese herbal drugs, and Chinese drug components and actions are complex as compared with Western drugs. More and more drugs with toxicity will be found due to the relativity of drug toxicity. Currently, the study of Chinese drug toxicity should pay more attention to the relation between the toxicity and Chinese drug nature, compatibility and the corresponding disease or syndrome pattern after making definition of Chinese drug toxicity and its connotation.

Objective To explore the value of angiographic diagnosis and interventional therapy of severe gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods 33 patients in a critically ill state(1000ml of bleeding greater than alimentary canal),who could not or were not willing to go fibre gastroscope/intestines ytterbium checks,were diagnosed by selectivie or surpass-selectivie stomach-bowel angiography,and embolismed or poured into by the surpass-selection artery art after the bleeding artery definiting at the same time.Results The selective stomach-bowel artery radiography group identified 27 patients site of bleeding,the masculine rate was 82%.The surpass-selectivie stomach-bowel artery radiography group identified 31 patients site of bleeding,the masculine rate was 94%.2 patients had no abnormality,26 patients were cured by the embolism,7 patients were treated successfully by pouring into the pharmaceuticals.Among them 8 patients were bleeding again,4 patients were cured through the surgical operation without complication.Conclusions DSA surpass-selectivie stomach-bowel artery radiography can define the site of severe gastrointestinal bleeding and raise the hemorrhage kitchen range recall rate,the embolism can successfully control the bleeding.Throughout the pouring into the pharmaceuticals,those who can't be treated by embolism can save time for the surgical operation,make part of patient cure further gaining time for the surgical operation.

0.05). CONCLUSION: NPY could downregulate the expression of LDL-R in hVSMCs and the downregulation was blocked by benextramine.

?AlM:To compare the effect of iris location guided sub-bowman keratomileusis ( SBK ) and iris location guided thin - flap laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK ) for extremely high myopia treatment.
?METHODS:lris location guided SBK was performed in 64 eyes of 32 patients with extremely high myopia and 42 eyes of 84 patients were received iris location guided thin-flap LASlK. All the patients’ spherical refraction was-9. 00D ~ - 11. 00D and the age was 22 ~ 35 years. Uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA) , refraction, split-lamp examination, topography examination, central corneal stroma thickness, thickness of central corneal flap, thickness of peripheral corneal flap and complication was examined in these patients and follow-up was 6mo.
?RESULTS:At 6mo after surgery, 93. 8% of the patients received iris location guided SBK and 92. 9% received iris location guided thin-flap LASlK achieved a UCVA better than 20/20. There was no significant difference between two groups. Refraction between ±0. 5D was 89. 1% of SBK group and 84. 5% of LASlK group. There was no significant difference. Corneal rear surface height of SBK was 0. 046±0. 012μm and LASlK was 0. 056±0. 015μm. Thickness of corneal stroma after surgery was 328. 6±14. 7μm in SBK group, while it was 301. 2±21. 6μm in LASlK group and there was significant difference ( t =3. 127, P=0. 001). BUT was 11. 38±4. 02s and 17. 81±4. 89s in SBK and LASlK group respectively, with no statistical difference. There was no serious complication in two groups.?CONCLUTlON:Both iris location guided SBK and thin-flap LASlK are effective for extremely high myopia, but SBK is safer and more predictive than thin-flap LASlK.

Objective To evaluate the effects of nucleoside/nucleotide analogue treatment on immunoglobulin and complement in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).MethodsA total of 157 CHB patients were recruited and divided into CHB group,liver cirrhosis (LC) group and severe hepatitis B (SHB) group.There were 50 patients who received oral antiviral treatment (lamivudine 100 mg/d,or entecavir 0.5 mg/d,or telbivudine 600 mg/d).Serum levels of complement 3 and 4 (C3,C4),C-reaction protein (CRP),hemolytic complement (CH50),immunoglobulin G,M,A (IgG,IgM,IgA),hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunoturbidimetry.Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) before and 1,2,3 and 4 weeks after nucleoside antiviral therapy.Comparison of means was done by t test and Mann-Whitney test.The correlation was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient test.ResultsSerum IgA and IgM levels of SHB and LC patients were significantly higher than those of CHB patients (P＜0.01).Levels of C3,C4,CH50 and CRP were significantly different among three groups.Levels of C3,IgM,IgG and HBV DNA in HBeAg positive patients were significantly different from those in HBeAg negative patients.There was a statistically significant difference of IgA,IgM,C3 and CH50 levels between patients with high HBV DNA level and low HBV DNA level in HBeAg-positive patients.While in the HBeAg-negative patients,only the IgA level was significantly different with HBV DNA levels.After anti-viral treatment,immunoglobulin and HBV DNA levels were all decreased in three groups,while the serum complement level was increased compared to baseline,and the differences became significant at week 4 of treatment. HBV DNA level was negatively correlated with C3 (r=-0.78,P=0.021) and HBeAg titer was positively correlated with C3 (r=0.87,P=0.015).ConclusionsThe immunoglobulin,CRP,C3,C4,and C H50 could reflect the inflammatory activity in liver.The changes of C3 level can predict the efficacy of antiviral therapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of ReCell technique on diabetic foot and explore main nursing measures. Methods Forty patients with diabetic foot were divided into control group(n=20)and experiment group(n=20)according to admission time. With wound bed prepared, the control group received only free skin flap grafting and the observation group was managed with ReCell technique plus free skin flap grafting.The skin flap survival and treatment time in two groups were observed and compared. Result The skin flap survival in the experiment group was better than the control group and the treatment time was shorter. Conclusion ReCell technique is effective in raising the survival rate of skin flap in diabetic foot and shortening treatment time.The improvement of nursing measures is critical for the success of ReCell technique.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for content determination of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients with secretory otitis media. METHODS:HPLC was used. The samples were pretreated by liquid-liquid extraction. It was performed on the column of Hypersil CN with mobile phase of acetoneitril-methanol-phosphoric acid (100∶10∶0.6,V/V/V)at the flow rate of 1.8 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 205 nm,temperature was 30 ℃ and volume was 20 μl. RESULTS:The lin-ear range of phosphatidylcholine was 11.99-119.9 μg/ml(r=0.999 6);RSDs of precision tests of intra-day and inter-day were no more than 15%;average recovery was 97.54%(RSD=9.36%,n=9);the average content of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients was(24.43±3.61)μg/ml. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate,and can be used for the content determination of phosphatidylcholine in eustachian tube lavage fluid of patients with secretory otitis media.

Objective To investigate the effect of clinical nursing paths on function rehabilitation guiding of burn patients. Methods 90 burn patients were randomly divided into observation group (n=45) and control group (n=45). The observation group was guided rehabilitation with clinical nursing paths, while the control group with routine way. Results The scores of Barthel index, and physiological factors,psychological factors, social relations and environmental factors of World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF improved more in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion Application of clinical nursing paths to guiding function rehabilitation of burn patients can improve the activities of daily living and quality of life of burn patients.

BACKGROUND: It is of great importance to study the genotype distribution of hereditary ataxia in understanding its epidemiologic rule and pathogenetic pathway.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution of different genotype of hereditary ataxia in south China.DESIGN: A case-control observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.PARTICIPANTS: Forty-three patients (26 males and 17 females) with hereditary ataxia from 36 families and 38 patients with sporadic hereditary ataxia (24 males and 14 females) were selected from the Outpatient Clinic of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between September 1998 and September 2002. At the same time, 60 healthy individuals from the patients' families and 44randomly-selected healthy physical examinees were taken as controls. All the participants were enrolled voluntarily.METHODS: The fragments of trinucleotide repeats at different sites of mutant genes were amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then the lengths were calculated with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and imaging analytical software. The repeated numbers of trinucleotide repeats in all the normal and abnormal amplified alleles were calculated respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Different genotype distribution in patients with hereditary ataxia.RESULTS: All the subjects were involved in the analysis of results. Of the detected patients with hereditary ataxia, the Machado-Joseph disease/spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 3 was the most common type of autosomal dominant SCA in South China, which was 42.0%, and was followed by SCA2 (7.4%), SCA1 (4.9%), SCA7 (3.7%), SCA6 (2.5%), SCA12 (1.2%).No patient was detected to have SCA8 SCA 10, SCA 17 dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) and Friedreich ataxia (FRDA).CONCLUSION: Autosomal dominant SCA3 is the most familiar genotype in South China. Clinical detection of hereditary ataxia should be done firstly aiming at the SCA3 genotype.

Objective:The study was aimed to inverstigate the effects of different levels of pressure and dura-tion of carbon dioxide and saline in the neck of rabbits on metabolic, hemodynamic, serum sodium concentrations and hematocrit changes. Method:Twenty-one New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 7 groups according to the following pressure of CO_2 or saline:0 kPa, 0. 67 kPa CO_2, 1.33 kPa CO_2,2.00 kPa CO_2 , 0.67 kPa saline, 1.33 kPa saline, and 2.00 kPa saline. In order to make a space for the endoscopic thyroidectomy, we filled the neck of rabbits with carbon dioxide and saline . Arterial partial pressure of CO_2(PaCO_2), pH, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) , central venous pressure (CVP), serum sodium concentration and hematocrit were measured at baseline, 45 min and 90 min after filling with gas or saline and 30 tnin post-filling. Result:Insufflation of CO_2 at 0.67 kPa did not have any significant effect on the parameters. PaCO_2 increased significantly 45 min and 90 min after insufflation of 1.33 kPa CO_2(P<0.01). Marked changes in PaCO_2, pH and CVP occurred 45 min and 90 min after insufflation of 2.00 kPa CO_2 (P<0.01), and the parameters did not return to baseline in 30min after desufflation(P<0.05). In animals receiving saline irrigation no significant changes occurred in PaCO_2, pH and serum sodium concentrations at any time point. There was a tendency of decrease in HCT, but no statistically significant changes were found (P>0.05). CVP increased significantly 90min after saline irrigation at 1.33 kPa(P <0.05). A significant increase in CVP occurred 45 min and 90 min after saline irrigation at 2.00 kPa(P<0.05). No significant changes in HR and MAP occurred in all animals. Conclusion: Filling with saline which does not cause hypercapnia, acidosis or dilutional hyponatremia can be used in endoscopic neck surgery to create and maintain a working space.