Asthma ; drug therapy ; Autoimmune Diseases ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Graft Rejection ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Phytotherapy

BACKGROUND:Pancreatic islet transplantationviaportal vein system leads to the apoptsis of a number of islet cels due to local hypoxia,therebyaffecting transplant outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To explore theeffect ofpre-micrvascularization network of tissue-engineered constructs on the survival of transplanted islets and the feasibility of xenogenic islet transplantation. METHODS:A 5-mm-long cylindrical silicone tube filed with Matrigel TM matrix surrounding the superficial epigastric vessel was placed in the groin ofdiabetic mice. After the syngeneic islets with 300 islet equivalents (IEQ) were transplanted into the silicone chamber on days 0, 14 and 28 post-chamber implantation, respectively, the recovery time of blood glucose was observed. The islets with the quantity of 100 IEQ, 200 IEQ and 300 IEQ, respectively, were transplanted on day 28 post-implantation and then the blood glucoselevelwas determined. Moreover, the survival of human pancreatic islets with 1 000 IEQ transplanted into the pre-vascularizated chamber or under the renal capsule of diabetic mice, folowed by the treatment of anti-CD45RB and/or anti-CD40L (MR-1) was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:An abundant micro-vascularized network was established in the silicone chamber on day 28 post-implantation. The time of the blood glucose returningto normal level in diabetic mice was negatively correlated with the time required for pre-vascularization and the number of implanted islets. No islet grafts implanted in the silicone chamber and treated by anti-CD45RB survived for long term. However, one of seven (14.3%) grafts survived for long term, which was not significantly different from the transplantation under the renal capsule group (n=8, MST > 71 days,P> 0.05). The tissue-engineered pre-vascularization network markedly extends the survival time of the islet grafts before transplantation. The transplantation of the xenogenic pancreatic islets into the vascularized silicone chamber might be a promising method in the future clinical application.

Gallbladder cancer is a disease associated with high mortality. Improvement of early diagnosis is of great significance to prolong the survival. Risk factors for gallbladder cancer include gallstones, cholelithiasis, anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction, focal mucosal microcalcifications, and et al.Advances in endoscopic ultrasonography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogram and helical computed tomography have enhanced preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. Understanding the characteristics of gallbladder cancer with the help of multiple imaging modalities can facilitate accurate diagnosis and may also help in sorting patients to undergo extended resection or an alternative therapy. Resection is currently the most effective and only potentially curative treatment for gallbladder cancer.However, owing to its non-specific symptoms, gallbladder cancer patients often suffer from late diagnosis, and few patients are suitable for surgery. Other treatment strategies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, percutaneous biliary drainage, palliative surgery are used in patients with advanced gallbladder cancer.For jaundiced gallbladder cancer patients, preoperative biliary drainage is still under debate. Since biliary inflammation adversely affects the prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients,antibiotics with high concentration in bile is recommended for selected patients. Palliative treatment and molecular target therapy are promising for patients with inoperable gallbladder cancer.

Objective To investigate the elimination effect of propofol on the reactive oxygen species(ROS) in patients with acute craniocerebral injury (ACI). Methods Forty patients with ACI were randomly divided into propofol group receiving propofol anesthesia and ?-OH group as control . Electron spin resonance(ESR) spectroscopy was used to determine the plasma contents of oxygen free radical (OFR), and the plasma contents of lipid peroxides(LPO) and nitrogen oxide (NO) were determined with chemical method. Blood samples were collected before anesthesia and 2, 4 hours after starting operation. Results The plasma contents of NO, OFR and LPO significantly increased before operation in patients with ACI compared with healthy subjects(all P

Alcohol is widely abused in contemporary social life, which has become a serious medical and social problem because it hurts human health and endangers public safety. Recent re-search has developed several active substances that can effective-ly improve or treat this syndrome via affecting the mesolimbic do-pamine nervous pathway to dampen rewarding effectiveness in-duced by ethanol. This paper reviews the progress in near-term studies of alcoholism-intervening agents, aiming at providing ref-erences for related mechanism exploration and drug development.

Objective To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in patients undergone intravesical chemotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and analyze the correlation of the quality of life and low urinary tract symptoms in this group of patients.Methods 31 male patients and 15 female patients were enrolled from Jan.2012 to Mar.2013.The average age was 54 (35-71) years.Questionnaires of QoL and core lower urinary tract symptom score (CLSS) were given to 46 patients before intravesical chemotherapy and the 1 st,6th month after starting the instillation.Before the instillation,the scores of QoL and CLSS were 55.7±6.2 and 6.5±2.1,respectively,the change of QoL and CLSS were compared to baseline,and then the correlation of the low urinary tract symptoms and quality of life was analyzed.Results At the end of 1st and 6th month,the QoL scores were 74.7±8.1 and 78.5± 10.6.The CLSS scores were 8.9±2.0 and 9.1 ± 1.8,respectively.The differences were significant (P ＜0.05) when compared to the baselines.The areas of working activity and free time were affected much more than other areas,and the scores increased from 8.3±2.1 and 19.2±5.7 to 14.3±5.6 and 23.7±4.2,respectively.The area of free time was found to be associated with local symptoms (r=0.61).Conclusions Intravesical treatment can impair the QoL of patients.Low urinary tract symptom is an important factor and is associated with impairment of QoL,suggesting the relief of local symptoms may improve the overall quality of life.

To stury the pharmacokinetie of tramadol and aeetaminophen in healthy volunteers. Methods Totally 20 healthy adult male volunteers participated in the study were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups and were given respectively the dose of one and two pills by oral administration. Serum was separated and the concentrations of tramadol and acetaminophen in human serum were determined by HPLC using fluorescence and UV detector. The values of concentration were directly detected, and AUC was calculated by linear trapezoid method. Results The main pharmacokinetie parameters of tramadol and acetaminophen of 2 dosages groups were as follow: Tramadol: AUC_(0-24h)(ng · h· mL~(-1)) were 2 724. 89 ± 1 016.54 and 1 361.61 + 441. 79; AUC_(0-∞)(ng·h·mL~(-1)) were3 065.49±1 190.66 and 1 555.04±582.51; t_(max)(h) were 1.8±0.75 and 1.9±0.57; t_(t/2)(h) were 7.34±1.39and7.63±2.02; Kel(h~(-1)) were 0. 098±0. 019 and 0. 097± 0.027; Cl_r(mL · min~(-1)) were 31.84±13.65 and 30.03 ± 9.20; MRT(h) were 7.62 ± 1.07 and 7.77 ± 0.75. Acetaminophen. AUC_(0-24h)(μg · h · mL~(-1)) were 40.28 ± 10.36 and 18.37 ± 3.84 ; AUC_(0-∞)(μg · h · mL~(-1)) were 41.63 ± 10. 96 and 18. 81 ± 4.06; t_(max)(h) were 0. 9 ± 0.46 and 0. 9 ± 0. 39; t_(t/2)(h) were5.39 ± 1. 16 and 4. 96 ± 1.03; Kel(h~(-1)) were 0. 13 ± 0. 03 and 0. 15 ± 0. 03; Clr (mL · min~(-1)) were 17.17 ± 4.57 and 18.42 ± 3.89; MRT(h) were 4.86 ± 0.48 and 4.50 ± 0.53. Conclusions No significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters, such as t_(max), t_(t/2), Ke,Cl, MRT,AUC_(0-t)/dose, AUC_(0-∞)/dose and C_(max)/dose are shown between these two dose groups and a linear pharmacokinetic is featured.

Many reasons cause low back pain, such as muscles and ligaments injury, vertebral joints retrogression, spinal canal stenosis, lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spondylolisthesis, spondyloarthritis, infection, tumor and metabolic bone disease. It is in recent years that discogenic low back pain be recognised, especially after the MRI widely applied in clinics. This article makes a summary on discogenic low back pain of recent years from etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy.

Object To study the chemical constituents of the root bark of Lycium chinense Mill Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents Their structures were elucidated on the physico chemical properties and spectral data Results Five compounds were isolated from the root bark of L chinense and identified as vanillic acid (Ⅰ), apigenin (Ⅱ), linarin (Ⅲ), glucosyringic acid (Ⅳ) and digupigan A (Ⅴ) Conclusion Digupigan A is a new compound. Except vanillic acid, others were isolated from this plant for the first time

Purpose Placenta implantation (PI) is a rare but severe pregnancy complication, and imaging diagnosis is always difficult. This paper aims to explore the ideal fast-imaging MRI sequences for PI and to provide high quality images for diagnosis. Materials and Methods The MRI images of 21 cases with pathology confirmed PI were retrospectively analyzed. Prenatal MRI of 2D fast-imaging employing steady-state acquisition (2D FIESTA) and single-shot fast spin echo (SSFSE) sequences were performed, and the imaging quality rating and the accuracy in detecting PI were compared. Results Satisfactory images were acquired in 71.4% (15/21) of the patients using 2D FIESTA, and 38.1% (8/21) using SSFSE with statistically significant difference (χ2=4.790, P<0.05). The MRI features of PI included placenta heterogeneity, low-signal-intensity bands, abnormal placental vascularity, uterine junction zone interruption, placental tissue invading the myometrium, placenta tissue into uterine serosa, and the detection rates of 2D FIESTA and SSFSE sequences on the above features were 57.1%, 57.1%, 28.6%, 61.9%, 66.7% and 14.2%, respectively; 90.4%, 71.4%, 38.1%, 42.9%, 28.6% and 6.5%, respectively. The detection rates of placenta heterogeneity and placental tissue invading the myometrium using these two sequences are statistically different (χ2=4.560 and 6.109, P<0.05). Conclusion The images quality of 2D FIESTA sequence is higher than those of the SSFSE sequence. 2D FIESTA sequence shows better delineation of the border of the placenta and uterine, and SSFSE sequence shows better contrasts of the placenta;therefore, combining these two can improve MRI diagnostic value for PI.