Obesity has become a social problem.Study shows that fat is closely related with chronic diseases.and the effect of body fat on body metabolism varies with its distribution.The discovery of fat as an endocrine organ provides a broad research areas for the relationship between body fat and chronic diseases.The difierense in fat distribution between different sexes suggests that gonadal hormone has obvious effects on body fat metabolism.As a result,hormone replacement therapy has become the optimal method for releasing climacteric symptom.With the development of people's living standards,the attention paid to the menopausal problem,the research on body fat changes and its relationship with chronic diseases,and the study on the effect of hormone replacement therapy on the body fat are of great importance.

AIM: To study rat astrocyte proliferation in ipsilateral hippocampus following focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Ischemia was induced by temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In hippocampus of rats at 3, 7 and 30 days after MCAO, the numbers and anatomic distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of GFAP and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the ipsilateral hippocampus were analyzed by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Astrocytes appeared hypertrophic, with increased process thickness and numbers at 7 days after MCAO, and the highest density of astrocytes were seen at 30 days in the CA1, CA2 regions of the ipsilateral hippocampus. Western blot analysis revealed that GFAP levels were normal at 3 days, but increased by 7 days and remained elevation at 30 days. Western blot analysis of PCNA protein also revealed identified upregulation PCNA at 3 days after MCAO and the expression peaked at 7 days. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that focal cerebral ischemia in the rat results in a rapid response, a process often referred to as reactive astrogliosis or glial scarring, from resident astrocytes of the ipsilateral hippocampus to the side of ischemia. [

Protein kinase CK2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein serine/threonine kinase present in all eukaryotes. It can intervene transversally into a multitude of signal pathways.It plays a key role in regulation of cell growth and apoptosis in a hierarchical and vertical manner. It was demonstrated that modest deregulation in the CK2 expression impacts a potent oncogenic potential to the cells.Moreover,inhibition of CK2 with specific chemical inhibitors or CK2-targeting antisense RNA may result in depression of tumor. Thus, studying the regulation mechanism of CK2 in tumorigenesis and developing new anti-cancer drugs by employing specific strategies against CK2 are of significant clinical value.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of upper gastrointestinal injury induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Methods A total of 1032 patients which used NSAIDs was selected.Patients were divided into two groups based on the condition of dyspepsia,peptic ulcer or upper gastrointestinal bleeding:the adverse drug reaction group (331 cases) and the control group (701 cases).Data of two groups on clinical presentation,laboratory test,medication and treatment were analyzed.Risk factors for the adverse drug reaction were identified by multivariable Logistic regression.Results The two groups had significant difference in age ＞ 65 years old,Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection,ulcer history,drug overdose,combination with glucocorticoid,addicted to tobacco and alcohol history,non-specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase(COX)-2,combination with anticoagulant,concomitant chronic cardiopulmonary disease (P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis by backward elimination method revealed that following variables retained,such as combination with glucocorticoid (OR =3.104,95％ CI 1.936-4.695),Hp infection (OR =2.768,95％ CI 2.047-3.742),drug overdose (OR =2.411,95％ CI 1.683-3.453),ulcer history (OR =1.781,95％ CI 1.278-2.480),age ＞ 65 years old (OR =1.659,95％ CI 1.237-2.225),non-specific inhibitor of COX-2 (OR =1.470,95％ CI 1.103-2.133),addicted to tobacco and alcohol history (OR =1.459,95％ CI 1.032-2.064),concomitant chronic cardiopulmonary disease (OR =1.357,95％ CI 1.008-2.143),P＜0.05.Conclusion Combination with glucocorticoid,Hp infection,drug overdose,ulcer history,age ＞ 65 years old,non-specific inhibitor of COX-2,addicted to tobacco and alcohol history,concomitant chronic cardiopulmonary disease are risk factors of upper gastrointestinal injury induced bv NSAIDs.

Objective To study the significance and feasibility of modified early warning scores (MEWS) assessing the conditions and death prediction among the pre-hospital acute poisoning patients.Methods We performed a prospective,observational study of the pre-hospital acute poisoning patients between January 1,2010 and December 31,2010.Data was collected to calculate the MEWS.Numeration data was presented in percentage by using chi-square test,and measurement data was expressed in mean with standard deviation,and P ＜ 0.05 was considered to be different with statistical significance.Observation lasted for 90 days after admission to get the results as observation index and ROC was drew and the area under the curve and the predicting index were calculated.The patients without vital signs and unsuccessful resuscitation were not included in this study.Results It showed 287 person times with 0 ～ 6 scores,accounting 94.4％,17 person times with 7-13 scores,accounting 5.59％,among the dead patients,MEWS were more than those of the survival group with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The area under ROC was 0.99 indicating that MEWS≥7 was the board line for severe pre-hospital acute poisoning patients with sensitivity of 91.7％,specificity of 97.9％,accuracy of 97.7％ and Youden of 0.896 for predicting death.It showed high significance of the application of MEWS in assessing acute poisoning patients and death prediction.Conclusions MEWS assess pre-hospital acute poisoning patients and predict death with good resolution and strong application significance,which is simple,practical and applicable.

Objective Using surface electromyography (sEMG) techniques to investigate the patterns of frequency domain indexes of sEMC signals recorded from adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients' paraspinal muscles. Methods Twenty-five AIS patients were enrolled. All the patients undertook the Biering Sorensen test ( BST) ,the object-lifting test and a semi-bridge test, the ME3000P sEMG instrument was applied to record the electric activities of paraspinal muscles (convex/concave) of all subjects, and the time domain indexes such as averaged EMG(AEMG)and spectrum area(SPA) were analyzed, values in three tests were compared with one way ANOVA. Results The differences of AEMGs and SPAs on both convex and concave sides among the three tests showed no statistical significances (P = 0. 10,0.23, 0. 24 and 0. 45, respectively). Conclusions Any of the Biering Sorensen test( BST) , the object-lifting test or the semi-bridge test can be used to test the electric activities of paraspinal muscles (convex/concave) of AIS patients.

Objective To investigate the biological effects of low intensity of pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on human periosteal cells and marrow stromal cells in vitro. Methods LIPUS of 30 mW/cm2 was used to stimulate the cultured human periosteal cells and marrow stromal cells for 5 min, 10 and 20 min per day, respectively, followed by the examination of cell proliferation and differentiation potential. Results Thymidine incorporation and total protein assay indicated that LIPUS had no significant effect on DNA and protein synthesis of the periosteal and marrow stromal cells, suggesting that LIPUS did not promote proliferation of these cells. However, ALP activity and osteocalcin secretion of the human periosteal cells were dramatically increased. Conclusion The results suggested that low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulated periosteal cell proliferation and differentiation toward osteogenic lineage, this might contribute to the curing effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound for fracture.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of computer-aided electromagnetic imaging navigation in nasal endoscopic surgery.Methods Twenty-two cases of nasal endoscopic surgery with intraoperative imaging navigation were retrospectively reviewed,including 16 cases of sinusitis with or without polyp;5 cases of nasal inverting papilloma; 1 case of maxillary capillary hemangioma.All cases were operated with computer-aided electromagentic imaging navigation and nasal endoscope.Results The preoperative preparing time would take 4-10 minutes.In 22 cases,the localization accuracy between 3-D image landmarks of navigation system and actual anatomical landmarks was less than 1 mm.The optic nerve and other anatomical landmarks could be orientated accurately in intraoperative procedures.No complication occurred.Conclusions Nasal endoscope combined with computer-aided electromagnetic imaging navigation provides accurate anatomical localization of nasal cavity,sinuses and anterior skull base.It could improve the effectiveness and decrease surgical complications,especially in complicated cases.

Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of self-efficacy among nurses with needlestick injuries and explore effective strategies to improve self-efficacy.Methods 713 clinical nurses with needlestick injuries had been enrolled by convenience and stratified sampling method to comphte the investigation using the self-designed demographic questionnaire and General Self-Efficacy Scale.Results The average score of the self-efficacy was (2.70 ±0.52) points.69.1％ of the needlestick injury nurses had the sclf-efficacy score at the middle level; only 19.1％ of them had a higher level score on self-efficacy.Gender,title,section,initiative report,work environment,and occupational safety training were identified as the influencing factors of the self-efficiency.Conclusions Even though more than half of the nurses with needlestick injuries had a middle level self-efficacy,they need further improvement.Other influencing factors should be explored in future in order to develop the corresponding management intervention which can strengthen the self-efficacy of nurses with needlestick injuries.

Objective To acknowledge the quality of life (QOL) in patients after lung transplantation and to explore related factors. Methods A cross- sectional study design and a convenience sampling were performed in this research. Totally 30 patients after lung transplantation were investigated. The questionnaires which used to explore the quality of life were Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaires (SF-36) and Revised Airways Questionnaires 20 (AQ20-R). Related state were surveyed by questionnaires consisted of demographic questionnaires, Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Medical Coping Mode Questionnaires (MCMQ). Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 20.0 software. Correlation analysis and multivariate analysis were performed using Pearson linear correlation analysis and multi-linear regression. Results The scores among the 8 dimensions of SF-36 were(34.48±16.73)-( 71.63±22.83), lower than those of norms(Z=-9.684--2.817, P<0.05 or 0.01). Somatic pain scored the highest (71.63±22.83), while physiological function scored the lowest (34.48±16.73). The mean score of AQ20-R was 7.93±5.21. The major two problems that manifested QOL were: uncomfortable feeling of lung caused by strong scent, smog or perfume, exhausted feeling after having a cold. The mean scores of SAS and SDS were 44.33±9.33,48.05±9.80, higher than those of norms, which were 33.80 ± 5.90, 41.88 ± 10.57 (t=6.1833, 3.4458, P < 0.01). The scores among the 3 dimensions of MCMQ were 8.93 ± 2.08, 16.10 ± 2.28, 3.63 ± 1.33 and the differences were significant in 3 dimensions compared with those norms, which were 19.48±3.81, 14.44±2.97, 8.81±3.17(t=-27.7281, 3.9885,-21.3878, P<0.01). Conclusions In SF-36, role-physical of patients after lung transplantation was the worst dimension, while bodily pain was the best dimension of QOL. The QOL of patients after lung transplantation were almost worse than normal people. The related factors of QOL in patients after lung transplantation maybe:anxiety, depression and medical coping style.