Liver cancer can be an aggressive disease,and is highly prevalent in Asia and Africa.However,its currently approved therapeutic strategies are far from satisfactory.Recent progress in genomic,prote-omic and glycomic profiling technologies have enabled the identification of biomarkers that significantly correlate with clinical outcomes.Many biomarkers are related to O-glycosylation of glycoproteins,which belong to an important but less-explored field of liver cancer biology.Here,we review these clinical studies and discuss potential underlying mechanisms.