AIM: To observe the effect of curcumin on the retinal structure and the expressions of interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-17(IL-17) in the rat retina after retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI).METHODS:A total of 60 male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control group(NCG),model group(MG),low-dose curcumin group (LDCG) and high-dose curcumin group (HDCG) (n=15 per group).RIRI was generated by anterior chamber perfusion of normal saline to the right eye.Rats in LDCG and HDCG received an intraperitoneal injection of 20mg/kg/d and 100mg/kg/d curcumin respectively,at 30min before RIRI and once daily after RIRI.Retinal structure and inflammation were evaluated after hematoxylin and eosin-stained (HE) staining.Western-blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to measure the level of IL-23 and IL-17 expressions after RIRI.RESULTS: The retinal structure of NCG was normal.Retinal edema,empty spaces or loosely packed cells and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in MG and LDCG groups,whereas the morphological changes in HDCG group were improved as compared to MG and LDCG groups.Western-blot assay and ELISA showed that IL-23 and IL-17 expressions increased significantly after RIRI (vs NCG,P<0.01).Moreover,curcumin reduced IL-23 and IL-17 expressions significantly (vs MG,P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Curcumin can inhibit leukocytes infiltration and improve the retinal pathologic changes.Furthermore,curcumin can reduce retinal IL-23 and IL-17 expressions significantly in a dose-dependent manner.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of heterogeneous and immature myeloid-derived cells,which accumulate largely in blood,lymphoid organs,spleen and tumor tissue and so on under the different pathogenic conditions such as infection,trauma,hematosepsis,especially tumor and so on.MDSCs can suppress tumor immune through many mechanisms.The number of MDSCs in periphery blood of patients is closely related with tumor stage,tumor burden,remote metastasis and prognosis.The major results are from laboratory mice.Because of the complexity of MDSCs in patients with tumor,there are many difficulties and debate on the research of them,and the researches of human MDSCs progress slowly.

ObjectiveTo discuss the application of medical elastic stockings in nursing of patients with deep venous thrombosis formation. Methods62 patients diagnosed as acute lower limbs deep ve-nous thrombosis from January, 2005 to January, 2008 were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control groups with 31 patients in each group, the control group took general nursing measures, the experimental group used the medical elastic stockings based on the general care measures, The inci-dence of post- thrombosis syndrome was observed in two groups and underwent χ2 test. ResultsAfter two years follow- up, 2 patients relapsed and 3 patients appeared post- thrombosis syndrome in the experimental group, 8 patients relapsed and 10 patients had post-thrombosis syndrome in the control group. The relapse rate and incidence rate of peat-thrombosis syndrome in the control group were higher than those of the experimental group. ConclusionsThe use of medical elastic stockings can prevent acute lower limbs deep venous throm-bosis, and can reduce the symptoms of post-thrombosis syndrome, which deserves to be spread widely.

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) was a common complica-tion of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Recent studies have suggested that the origin of this disease is related to seceration of tumor cells and application of medecine. The inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion can lead to disturbance of metabolism of water and sodium, resulting in hyponatremia. Because the symp-toms are atypical, the diagnosis is difficult. Many cases are misdiagnosed or misseddiagnosed. The primary tumor must be treated and the restriction of water intake is the main and effective method to deal with SIADH. Prognosis of SCLC patients with SIADH is poor in most reports.

Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To investigate the influence on the proliferation of the precursor cells from the inner ear of SD rats by different ages and growth factors in vitro .Methods The organs of utricle or saccule or cochlear Corti were isolated from different days’ SD rats born on different days(P1 ,P7 ,P14 ,P21 ,P30 ,P60) .From 12 SD rats of different age ,with 24 ears ,precursor cells were dissociated and cultivated under non -adherent conditions as single cell .We then counted the number of cell spheres under inverted phase contrast microscope .The results were statisti-cally anayzed and the quantity change curve of the same organ in different age rats were described until the single cells were cultured for 7 days .The culture medium was supplemented with defferent growth factor to observe the effects of the grow th factor on the number of cell spheres .Immunofluorescence assays were conducted for phenotype characterization .Results ① Some newly isolated single cells ,labeled by nestin ,were from each inner ear organ of rats(P1) .During 7 days in culture ,cells kept proliferation and formed suspended spheres ,which were expressed Br-dU and nestin positive .② The cell spheres could only formed from each cochlear Corti of rats (P1 ,P7) .But cell spheres that formed from each utricle or saccule were observed in a single saccule culture medium of all rats (P1~P60) .③The number of cell spheres ,which were formed by the isolated cells from inner ear organs of single utricle or saccule or cochlear Corti ,increased obviously in the presence of EGF or bFGF or IGF -1 ,but were not obviously in LIF .Statistically significant differences were seen between control group and every experimental group including EGF group ,bFGF group ,IGF-1 group(P<0 .01) ,but were not seen between control group and LIF group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The highly proliferative cells were present in the vestibular organ (utricle or saccule) and cochle-ar Corti of SD rats .They could express the characterization of neural stem cell .As increase of the age ,the overall trend of proliferative capability is declining .Each of EGF and bFGF and IGF -1 possess the promoting effects for proliferation on the precursor cells alone ,which is not in present of LIF .

Objective:To evaluate the characteristics of fusion using biomimetic n-HA/PA66 interbody cage with rhBMP-2 and discuss the feasibility of it.Methods:Thirty adult female goats underwent C_(3-4) discectomy and interverbral fusion performed with nHA/PA66 interbody cage without rhBMP-2(n=10).nHA/PA66 interbody cage with rhBMP-2(n=10),autogenous iliac crest bone graft(n=10).X ray was carried out at 4 and12 weeks after surgery to evaluate fusion quality.The goats were killed respectively on the 12th week.Nondestructive biomechanical testing for stiffness,un-decalcified histology were performed.Result:The goats in the n-HA/PA66 with rhBMP-2 group and the autogrft group all showed complete fusion at 12th week.there was no statisti- cally significant differience between the n-HA/PA66 with rhBMP-2 group and the autogrft group upon biomechanics,radiography and histomorphology.Conclusion:The interverbral fusion cage with n-HA/PA66 has good hiocompatibifity and osteoconductive ability and it may be good osteoionductive with rhBMP-2,so it was one ideal interbody fusion cage.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of patient-controlled epidural analgesia and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia in postoperative analgesia after spinal fusion. Methods: The CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, Pubmed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane library databases were searched by computer. The randomized controlled trails with patient-controlled epidural analgesia or patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after spinal fusion published from May 1985 to July 2013 were selected. All of them were assessed by the standard of Cochrane systematic review. Data of postoperative VAS and the rate of side effects after using the analgesic drugs were extracted into an electrical sheet, which was synthesized by a Meta-analysis with RevMan 5.2 software. Re-sult: Eight randomized controlled trails involving 482 patients met the inclusion criteria. And the quality grade of 3 literatures was A, 5 literatures was B. The result of meta-analysis showed that: ①Visual analogue score(VAS). The postoperative first day′s VAS[WMD=-0.47, 95%CI(-0.74, -0.20)], second day′s VAS[WMD=-0.66, 95%CI(-1.14, -0.19)] showed that the patient-controlled epidural analgesia had a good analgesic effect compared with the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, and both had statistic differences(P<0.05). No dif-ference in the postoperative third day′s VAS[WMD=-0.58, 95%CI(-1.38, 0.21)] was observed between the two methods, and no statistic difference(P>0.05); ②The side effects. The patient-controlled epidural analgesia had a higher incidence of skin itch[RR=1.53, 95%CI(1.08, 2.16)], paresthesia[RR=3.34, 95%CI(1.12, 9.98)] after surgery than the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, and both had statistic differences(P<0.05). While two groups had no a significant deviation about nausea [RR=1.05, 95%CI (0.79, 1.40)], vomiting [RR=0.80, 95%CI (0.48, 1.31)], and no statistic difference(P>0.05). Conclusions: The patient-controlled epidural analgesia has better analgesic effects on the postoperative first and second day after spinal fusion, but obviously has a high-er incidence of skin itch and paresthesia than the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia.

Objective To investigate the treatment and clinical result of the elderly patients with incarcerated groin hernias caused acute abdomen.Methods We collected 35 cases of the elderly incarcerated groin hernias which can't be reducted and be treated by emergency operation from January 2011 to January 2016 in the PKUCare Luzhong Hospital.All patients' were analyzed by general condition,surgical procedures,surgical time,complications,length of hospital stay and follow-up.Results All 35 cases of the elderly incarcerated groin hernias were accepted surgical treatment,onset time were from 2 hour to 48 hour,18 cases of all were treated by high ligation of hernia sac;10 cases were treated by traditional hernioplasty;7 cases were tension-free hernioplasty.The surgical time was from 60 minutes to 140 minutes,The average time was 85 minutes.There were 5 patients had postoperative complications.Among them,1 case of patients with incarcerated groin hernias was reducted and happened the rupture of sigmoid colon and septic shock,resulting in multiple organ failure,3 days after the rescue invalid death;1 cases of postoperative intestinal obstruction,2 cases of incision infection,1 cases of hematoma of scrotum,All patients recovered well after treatment.The length of hospital stay was 3 ～ 13 d,average 7 d;patients were followed up for more than 6 months,there were 2 patients with inguinal hernia recurrence,and the other patients did not have symptoms.Conclusion Elderly patients with inguinal hernias caused acute abdomen should be preferred treatment of acute abdomen and be taken timely surgical treatment,to minimize bowel necrosis,abdominal infection,recurrence of hernia and other complications and promote the rehabilitation of patients.

PGD_2 and its signal transduction way play a critical role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, such as immune and allergic inflammatory responses.So more and more investigators pay attention to it.This paper reviews that PGD_2 and its recepors effect on the pathologic changes in asthma.