Objective Toinvestigatetheeffectofpowerelectricalstimulation(PES)incombination withtask-specifictrainingonlowerextremitymotorfunctioninstrokepatientswithfootdrop.Methods Fifty patients with poststroke foot drop were enrolled retrospectively. They were divided into either an experimental group or a control group (n=25 in each group). The control group received routine rehabilitation treatment. On this basis,the experimental group was given PES in combination with task-oriented training. Both groups of patients were trained 2 times a day,once for 40 minutes,5 days a week for 6 weeks. The ankle active range of motion,plantar flexor muscle tension,and tibialis anterior muscle strength were determined before and after treatment. The balance and lower extremity motor function of the patients were assessed by using Berg balance scale score,Fugl-Meyer lower extremity score,modified Barthel index,and Holden walk grading. At thesametime,thewalkingspeedandsteplengthbeforeandaftertreatmentwerecompared.Results Six weeks after treatment,the ankle activity,plantar flexors tension,and tibialis anterior muscle strength scores in patients of the experimental group were improved compared with before treatment,and each indicator was significant better than the control group (t=6. 261,-6. 163,and 2. 968,respectively;all P<0. 05). Berg balance scale,walking speed and step length scores were also improved as compared with before treatment, and each indicator was better than the control group (t=10. 733,9. 074,and 9. 013,respectively;all P<0.01). The lower limb motion scores,modified Barthel indexes,and Holden walk grading scores were improved compared with before treatment,and each indicator was significantly better than the control group (t=3.261,7.573,and4.010,respectively;allP<0.05).Conclusion Usingpowerelectricalstimulation in combination with task-oriented training may effectively improve the lower extremity motor function in stroke patients with foot drop.

Objective To investigate the characteristic and the value of renal solid lesions' boundary at contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS). Methods The study included 225 patients (124 males, 101 females) with renal 239 solid lesions [133 renal cell carcinoma(RCC) and 106 benign lesions]. The enhanced mode of lesion boundary at CEUS was observed. The histopathologic pseudocapsule of RCCs was analysed.Results Enhanced modes of all lesions' boundary at CEUS were classified as: type Ⅰ , iso-enhanced boundry in whole phase, 82.85 % (198 of 239) ;type Ⅱ , a perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal at early phase,4.18% (10 of 239);type Ⅲ ,perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal in whole phase,9.62% (23 of 239) ;type Ⅳ, perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal in midium and late phase, 1.25 % (3 of 239) ;type Ⅴ ,iso-enhanced boundry in the mdium and late phase with no enhancment at early phase, 2. 09% (5 of 239). The distribution of types Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ between groups were significant different( P=0.000, 0.046,0. 000), the type Ⅳ and Ⅴ was not ( P = 0.256,0.068). The distribution of perilesional annular highlyenhanced signal between benign and RCC groups was statistically different (x2=29. 681, P=0.000).Regared it as a diagnostic criteria of RCC,the sensitivity was 26.32% (35/133) ,the specificity was 99.06%(105/106) ,the positive predictive value was 97.22% (35/36),the negative predictive value was 51.72%(105/203) ,and the accuracy was 58.58% (140/239). The perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal was not correlated with the pseudocapsule in pathology ( P = 1. 000). Conclusions The boundary enhancement mode of renal solid lesions at CEUS was divided into five types. The perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal was important in diagnosis of RCC,which was not correlated with the pseudocapsule in pathology.

Objective:To investigate the effect of a low calcium diet on the distal and proximal tibial metaphysis in male rats using bone histomorphometrical techniques. Methods:Forty 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats, with a mean weight of 280?22g, were randomized into five groups. Group one and group two were fed a normal diet (Ca 1.0%) and a very low calcium diet (VLCD ,Ca 0.1%) respectively for one month,and the rest three groups were fed a normal diet (Ca 1.0%), a very low calcium diet (VLCD, Ca 0.1%) and a low calcium diet (LCD , Ca 0.3%) respectively for three months. All animals received double bone fluorochrome labeling prior to sacrifice. At the end of experiment, the left tibiae were harvested for bone histomorphometrical evaluations. Results:After one month, compared to control group, distal tibial metaphysis(DTM) of VLCD did not change significantly but proximal tibial metaphysis(PTM) was decreased significantly whose percent trabecular area (%Tb.Ar) was decreased to 38% (P

AIM To evaluate whether l glutamine monofluorophosphate(MFP) together with Alendronate sodium may further increase bone mass in ovariectomized rats. METHODS Forty two 3 month old Sprague Dawley female rats were randomized into six groups:group 1 rats were sham operated(Sham),group 2 rats were ovariectomized controls(Ovx),and groups 3～6 were ovariectomized and received either 1 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 of alendronate sodium ,270 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 of calcium gluconate,5 6 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 of MFP or combination of 5 6 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 of MFP and 1 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 of alendronate sodium for 3 months. All animals received double bone fluorochrome labeling prior to sacrifice. At the end of experiment,the left tibiae were havested for histomorphometrical evaluations. RESULTS Alendronate sodium increased trabecular bone volume significantly with suppressed bone resorption and bone formation. Administrated calcium gluconate had no influence on the bone mass. MFP also could not restore cancellous bone of ovariectomized rats. Administration of both MFP and alendronate sodium increased bone mass significantly but did not increase bone mass compared with alendronate sodium. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated administration of both alendronate sodium and MFP could not further increase bone mass of ovariectomized rats.

Objective To construct a recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV)vector containing a human anti-epidermal growth factor receptor(anti-EGFR)single-chain variable fragment antibody gene,and observe its inhibitory effects on pancreatic cancer cell lines.Methods Human anti-EGFR single-chain variable fragment antibody gene was inserted into the Kpn I and Bgl Ⅱ sites to construct a rAAV-anti EGFR vector,and then rAAV1-EGFP group and rAAV1-anti EGFR group were established.The expression of anti-EGFR antibody was observed.Antibody expression was detected by Western blot,and the inhibition and apoptosis rates of human pancreatic cancer cell lines(PCT-3,SW1990,Capan-1,ASPC-1,MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells)were detected by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry,respectively.All data were analyzed using the t test.Results The results of Western blot assay demonstrated that anti-EGFR antibody was expressed in 6 pancreatic cancer cell lines.The inhibition rates of rAAV1-EGFP and rAAVl-anti EGFR on pancreatic ASPC-1 cells were 1.1%± 2.4% and 15.1%±3.5%,respectively,with a significant difference between the 2 groups(t =6.598,P ＜0.05).The apoptosis rates of PANC-1 cells were 7.0% ± 3.0% in the rAAV1-EGFP group and 1 1.4% ± 2.5% in the rAAV1-anti EGFR group,with no significant difference between the 2 grouvs(t = 1.952,P ＞0.05).The apoptosis rates of SW1990,ASPC-1,Capan-1,PCT-3,MiaPaCa-2 cells were 1.1% ± 0.8%,1.5% ± 0.7%,1.7% ± 1.2%,1.1%±0.7% and 2.2% ± 1.1% in the rAAV1-EGFP group,and 17.6% ± 2.2%,46.9% ± 3.9%,20.0% ±2.8%,12.1% ± 1.6% and 31.1% ±2.5% in the rAAV1-anti EGFR group,respectively,with significant differences between the 2 groups(t = 12.208,19.846,10.405,10.909,18.327,P ＜0.05).Conclusions A rAAV-anti EGFR vector with human anti-EGFR single-chain variable fragment antibody gene was constructed.Anti-EGFR antibody has obvious inhibition effects on pancreatic cancer cell lines.

Objective To investigate the practical efficacy and safety of ultrasound with microbubbles mediated rAAV2-EGFP to retina of rat after intravitreal and subretinal injection. Methods Gene transfer was examined by rAAV2-EGFP intravitreal and subretinal injection into the Wistar rats with or without microbubbles. The eyes were exposed to US (1 MHz,2 W/cm2, duration 5 minutes,duty cycle 50%,pulse recurrent frequency 100 Hz). The onset of EGFP gene expression, lightness of fluorescence, area of fluorescence and its distribution in the fundus in vivo via fluorescence stereosocope were investigated on the 4th,7th, 35th,49th and 120th day respectively. The value of gene transfer was quantified through the EGFP fluorescence quantitative methods by Axiovision 3. 1 software. HE staining was used to observe tissue damage. Results There was no fluorescence observed by fluorescence stereosocope after intravitreal injection after two-month study. After subretinal injection, ultrasound-targeted microbubbles destruction (UTMD) strongly increased gene transfer efficiency. UTMD used in the experiment did no harm to the rat retina structure. Conclusions UTMD could not enhance rAAV2-EGFP transfecion efficiency to rat retina after intravitreal injection but the transduction could be enhanced significantly after subretinal injection.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of breast mass-like lesions by digital breast tomosynthesis technique (DBT) versus full field digital mammography (FFDM).Methods 182 breast mass cases undergoing respectively DBT and FFDM diagnosis were reviewed to evaluate the the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy,breast BI-RADS classification and differences of edge character.Results Of the 182 cases,101 cases were malignant,81 cases were benign.DBT and FFDM in malignant mass detection rate were 95.0％ and 95.0％ respectively,the benign tumor detection rate were 80.2％ and 80.2％ respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity was 93.1％ (94/101) and 82.2％ (83/101),specificity was 66.7％ (54/81) and 53.1％ (43/81),accuracy was 81.3％ (148/182) and 69.2％ (126/182),all the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The BI-RADS classification difference of the malignant mass was statistically significant (x2 =12.912,P =0.044 5),and the benign mass was also statistically significant (x2 =12.739,P =0.026 0).The clear edge benign tumors detected by DBT and FFDM respectively were 65 and 45 cases (x2 =10.224,P =0.001 4).The spicule sign detected by DBT and FFDM respectively in malignant tumors were 71 and 50 cases (x2 =8.244,P =0.004 1).Conclusion DBT compared to traditional FFDM photography improves the lesion visibility,increases the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity,conducing to the identification of benign and malignant lesions.

Objective To study the change rules with age in morphologic properties of common carotid artery,and to discuss its aging process after kidney transplantation.Methods Thirty-one patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) supported by hemodialysis,31 kidney transplant recipients (KTR) and 84 control subjects were offered an ultrasound of carotid artery.The carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and common carotid artery diameter (CCAD) of right carotid arteries were measured by ultrasonic frequency tracking.The tends for slope of CIMT and CCAD with age were analyzed by linear regression analysis.Results Compared with KTR group and control group,ESRD group had significantly thicker CIMT and wider CCAD,but there was no significant difference between KTR group and control group.The linear regression showed the development of CIMT were positively associated with age (P＜0.05).Compared with KTR group and ESRD group respectively,the slope of CIMT with age (unstandardized coefficients b) in control group was greater (Z=1.417,P =0.006;Z =2.223,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference between KTR group and ESRD group (Z =1.038,P =0.723).The development of CCAD were also positively associated with age (P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the slope of CCAD with age in ESRD group was less (Z =1.677,P =0.002).Conclusions After successful kidney transplantation,some morphologic properties of carotid artery are improved and resume the normal aging process.

Objective To summarize the methods and experience of surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm.Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm treated in our hospital from August 2010 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were diagnosed by B ultrasound,CT,MRI and DSA,and the surgical treatment plan was established.Open surgical resection and artificial vascular graft were performed in 8 cases and endovascular repairing other 4 cases.Festlts All the operations were performed successfully with no perioperative mortality.One case of type Ⅱ internal leakage and 1 case of pulmonary infection were observed.Conclusions The importance attached to perioperative treatment and strict selection of indications and treatment can increase the safety of the surgical performance of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Objective To explore the difference of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) image and quantitative parameters between two different contrast agents Fluorocarbon and SonoVue. Methods The tumor model of colorectal carcinoma in nude mice was established by injecting CT26 cells into the subcutaneous space in hepatic area of 15 nude mice. CEUS was performed with Fluorocarbon and SonoVue on the 14th day after establishment. SonoLiver software was used to analyze the dynamic image quantitatively. The difference of the CEUS image and quantitative parameters between the two contrast agents was analyzed. Results Compared with normal liver parenchyma around the tumor, the tumor ultrasound contrast performance was fast forward and rewind with low enhancement. There was no signiifcant difference between the two kinds of microbubbles not only for CEUS image but also for quantitative parameters [maximum intensity (Imax):49.53%±24.38%vs 45.04%±17.03%, rise time (RT):11.68 s±3.07 s vs 13.76 s±2.92 s, time to peak (TTP):12.76 s±4.12 s vs 15.26 s±3.74 s, T1/2:50.57 s±28.32 s vs 48.75 s±9.85 s, Imax/TTP(V1):4.48±2.82 vs 3.18±1.49, (Imax-INT60)/(60-TTP)(V2):0.67±0.34 vs 0.60±0.20, AUC1:3032.78%±1343.12%vs 3258.77%±1369.84%, AUC2:11647.38%±6183.10%vs 10439.04%±4604.65%, AUC:14680.17%±7469.85%vs 13697.81%±5831.99%, Rate of AUC1:264.25±146.93 vs 222.24±92.16, Rate of AUC2:241.67±119.97 vs 231.97±100.34, all P>0.05). No mouse was dead during the CEUS examination. Conclusion Fluorocarbon had similar CEUS imaging effect and quantitative information compared with SonoVue.