Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal ; therapy

Collateral circulation may be a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.However,aiming at improving the treatment of collateral circulation,it has not yet got the reliable clinical validation now.Therefore,undergoing the study of collateral circulation first in the animal models of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion has important practical significance.This article reviews the methods of rat chronic cerebral hypoperfusion models,neurobehavioral evaluation,cerebral perfusion assessment,collateral circulation pathways,and the experimental research status of improving collateral circulation.

Osteoclasts are derived from pluripotent stem cells in bone marrow and spleen.They play a critical role in inflammation-induced bone loss and joint destruction because in the absence of them,bone de- struction does not occur even when inflammation exists.Synovioblasts in an inflamed joint can secrete numerous inflammatory factors,including tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?)and interleukin-1(IL-1)which not only induce inflammatory reactions but also elevate osteoclast formation and function indirectly or directly through promoting RANKL expression.In this wdy the inflammatory reactions are associated with bone loss and destruction. In this article,we focus on the recent progress in study of TNF-?,IL-1 and osteoclast-target therapies in management of osteoclast-mediated inflammatory bone loss.TNF-?promotes differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells in the peripheral blood and spleen,which causes a marked increase in mature osteoclasts in a diseased joint.However, IL-I supports osteoblast survival and regulates the recombination of osteoclast cytoskeleton,which further stimulates bone resorption.Since osteoclast-target therapies may inhibit osteoclast formation and function,they are becoming more and more important for inflammation-induced bone loss and joint destruction.

Objective To measure the circuit time constants of 4 kinds of radiation survey meters (451P ionization chamber dosimeter,6150AD6 + 6150AD-b dose meter,FH40G + FHZ672E-10 dose meter and AT1123 dose meter) and,to discuss the formula of time response correction and its application.Methods In the condition of continuous exposure of X-ray machine,the ambient dose equivalent rates shown by survey meters were recorded.In order to get the circuits time constant,the least squares fittingmethod was used to fit the data using the time response formula of circuit having a capacitance C and a resistance R in series.Results The relative uncertainty of fitted circuit time constants was higher than 20％ except for 6150AD6 + 6150AD-b dose meter.The relative uncertainty of fitted r was 8％ for 6150AD6 + 6150AD-b dose meter.Conclusions The time required to stabilize the dosimeter readings was 8,5,3 and 2 s,respectively,for the 451P ionization chamber dosimeter,6150AD6 +6150AD-b dose meter,FH40G + FHZ672E-10 dose meter and AT1123 dose meter.The rising trend of their measured values was not fully accordance with the RC circuit time response correction formula.

Objective To investigate the current situation of radiation protection in nuclear medicine diagnosis workplace.Methods The study was performed in 3 hospitals in northeast,north and central of China from February to December in 2013.The γ dose rate instrument was used to detect the workplace ambient dose equivalent rate of medicine preparation,leaching,packing,injection and imaging.Individual effective dose and equivalent dose were evaluated by photoluminescent dosimeter.Results The ambient dose equivalent rate was up to 1.92 mSv/h at repacking place and 1.2 mSv/h at injection place.The ambient dose equivalent rate of patients after injection was 5.36-240 μ,Sv/h.The hand equivalent dose was 0.01-0.02 mGy.Moreover,there were problems of staff route intersection,as well as the patients after injection staying in the public area.Conclusions Radiation workers should pay more attention to individual protection,and improve the operation proficiency to shorten the operation time.Furthermore,in order to protect public from unnecessary irradiation,there should be some changes in staff route and patients administration.

Objective To use Monte Carlo method to build a shielding calculation model for the proton and heavy ion treatment room,and to provide a reliable calculation method for shielding design.Methods A Monte Carlo-based FLUKA code was adopted to build the shielding calculation model for the proton and heavy ion treatment room,and to simulate the radiation field distribution in the proton and heavy ion treatment room.The calculation model was verified through the radiation detection around the proton and heavy ions treatment room.Results The FLUKA code-based simulation results were consistent with the radiation detection.Conclusions The shielding calculation model based on FLUKA code can simulate the radiation field from proton and heavy ions.Among the secondary particles,secondary neutrons are the dominant component and the main concern of accelerator shielding design.In shielding calculation,the emphasis should be put on both beam intensity and energy.

Objective To discuss the methods of selecting different shapes occluder and to evaluate the feasibility,safety and efficacy of them in transcatheter closures of congenital ventricular septal defect (VSD) in children.Methods Transcatheter closures were performed in 226 children with congenital VSD,age ranging from 2 to 14 years(mean 5.62 years) under the guidance of transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) and fluoroscopy.There were 14 patients with intracristal VSD,209 patients with perimembranous VSD and 3 patients with muscular VSD.Left ventriculography and transthoracic echocardiography were performed repeatedly after the procedure to assess the effect of occlusion.The echocardiography and electrocardiography were scheduled before discharge,1,6 and 12 months for the follow-up.Results The occluders were deployed successfully in 211 patients.The successful rate was 93.4%.Thin waist shape occluders,were deployed in 7 patients;equal side shape occluders,were deployed in 191 patients;eccentric shape occluders were deployed in 12 patients,and muscular defect occluders were deployed in 1 patient.There were no complications encountered during or after closure.Conclusions It is very important in transcatheter closure of congenital in children to select different shape occluder according to pathologic characteristics.In general,equal side shape occluder is suita-ble for a large number of defect and it is easy for deployment.In some conditions,the other shape occluder may be necessary.

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect of combination of Zhuanyindan (ZYD, a self-made Chinese herbal preparation) and hormone in treating male infertility with positive antisperm antibody and its influence on nitric oxide (NO) level.

METHODSEighty-two patients were randomly divided (according to the digital list) into the WM group (n = 20, treated with prednisone), the TCM group (n = 28, treated with ZYD) and the ICWM group (n = 34, treated with prednisone plus ZYD). The clinical effect, negative converting rate of antisperm antibody, changes of NO level in semen and various parameters of sperm motion before and after treatment were observed.

RESULTSThe total effective rate in the ICWM group was 88.2%, that in the TCM group 75.0% and in the WM group 65.0%. Significant difference was seen in the ICWM and TCM group before and after treatment in NO level, sperm motion parameters, including linear motion speed, linearity, propulsion, whip frequency, sperm vitality and mean moving angle, and quality of semen (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In the WM group, significant difference in comparison before and after treatment was seen in NO level, propulsion, whip frequency, mean moving angle and quality of semen, including vitality and survival rate (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCombination of Chinese herbs and hormone could lower the NO level in semen and improve the quality of sperm.

Adult ; Autoantibodies ; metabolism ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; etiology ; immunology ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Semen ; metabolism ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; immunology

Objective To identify changes in the occurrence of endemic fluorosis in order to provide scientific basis for making countermeasures. Methods Five villages from 14 counties of mild, moderate and severe fluorosis affected areas were selected by stratified cluster sampling every year in the whole province during 2006 - 2010. Water and urinary fluorine were determined by ion selective electrode method(GB/T 8538-1995); dental fluorosis of children 8-12 years old was diagnosed with Dean method; skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed according to "clinical indexing standards of endemic skeletal fluorosis "(GB 16396-1996), between 2006 and 2008, and "clinical diagnosis standard of endemic skeletal fluorosis"(WS 192-2008) between 2009 and 2010. Results A total of 25 diseased villages were surveyed, 14 with water sources changed, covered a resident population of 8005 people, beneficiary population 7154, and accounting for 89.37% of the resident population; not changed villages 11. In accordance with the "State drinking water health standards", in the 14 changed villages the fluoride in drinking water was qualified (≤ 1.20 mg/L), there were 3 schools whose water fluorine content exceeded the standard; among the 11 villages that did not change water sources 7 drinking water samples fluorine content exceeded the standard. Of the 8 to 12 years old children in villages with changed water sources, 363 of them were checked and 142 dental fluorosis were found, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 39.12% (142/363); in villages with water sources not changed, 303 children were checked, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 43.89%(133/303). Of sixteen and elder adults in water source changed villages, 6424 people were checked and 403 skeletal fluorosis were found, skeletal fluorosis detection rate was 6.27% (403/6424); 3572 people were checked in not changed villages, the detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 13.89%(496/3572). In water sources changed areas, geometric mean of urinary fluoride was in the normal reference value(WS/T 256-2005, 1.40 mg/L)or less. Conclusions Endemic fluorosis is decreased in water improved areas, but in unimproved areas the disease is still severe, and control of endemic fluorosis is still an arduous task.

OBJECTIVEAttending to observe the bony healing on hard palate after palatal repair, and to discuss the factors affecting on it.

METHODS52 patients with repaired cleft palate over 5 years postoperatively were examined, the CT scan of head was taken. The incidence of the bone regeneration among the patients examined was calculated, the position and quality of bone tissue were measured according to the CT images. After all, analysis was applied to evaluate the factors affecting on the bone tissue formation.

RESULTSFormation of bone bridge was found in the 37 cleft gaps out of 52 patients (71%), the ratio of the sex among the patients who had bone bridge was 1:1, there was no obvious difference between unilateral and bilateral cleft palate. Considering the operation age with the bone formation, the highest percentage of bone bridge formation fell into the group of 4-7 years old, and the most occurring region were in premolar and anterior part of molar area.

CONCLUSIONThere could be bony healing(regeneration bone tissue RBT) after palatal repair on cleft palate patients. The operation age could be an important affecting factor to RBT, but the sex and the clinical type of cleft palate make no difference on the bone tissue formation.

Age Factors ; Bone Regeneration ; physiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Palate ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Palate, Hard ; physiology ; Postoperative Period ; Sex Factors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Wound Healing