Objective To explore the clinical features, characteristics of neuroimaging and prognosis of toxic encephalopathy induced by 1,2- Dichloroethane. Methods The clinical features,characteristics of neuroimaging and prognosis in eight cases with toxic encephalopathy induced by 1,2- Dichloroethane were analyzed retrospectively. Results In acute or subacute stage of toxic encephalopathy induced by 1,2- Dichloroethane, the whole brain injury symptoms and severe intracranial hypertension were the main neurological manifestations. CT and MR examination showed diffused encephaledema and brain swelling. DWI test showed the symmetric diffused low density lesions in white matter of cerebral hemisphere,and the average values of ADC decreased significantly. With the disease improving, the brain swelling was alleviated, the brain lesion foci reduced gradually, and the average values of ADC increased. The prognosis will be improved dramatically if sufficient mannitol, hormone and high pressure oxygen were used in the early stage. Conclusion The diagnosis of toxic encephalopathy induced by 1,2- Dichloroethane depends mainly on the clear toxicant contact history, clinical features and characteristics of neuroimaging. Taking effective measures in the early stage to control actively the encephaledema would be beneficial to the prognosis.

To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injection on immune activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with lung cancer. The peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with lung cancer and healthy persons were separated by the density gradient centrifugation method for subsequent experiments, with those from healthy persons as the positive control. The effect of Tanreqing injection on stimulating the proliferation of lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was determined by MTT method. The effect of Tanreqing injection on the lymphocyte secretions of IFN-γ and TNF-α and the subset ratio of lymphocytes cultured separately or with Tanreqing injection of different concentrations were examined by ELISA and flow cytometry (FCM) respectively. In addition, the LDH release assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and natural killer cells (NK). According to the findings, all of immunological indexes of lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer were weaker than that of healthy persons, but with the obvious increases in proliferation activity and IFN-γ and TNF-α secretions of lymphocytes co-cultured with Tanreqing Injection (P < 0.05). Among lymphocyte subsets co-cultured with Tanreqing Injection, CD3+, CD3+ CD4+ and CD3- CD16 + 56+ cell ratios notably increased, whereas CD4+ CD25+ Treg cell ratio obviously decreased (P < 0.05). In the meantime, Tanreqing injection can markedly promote the cytotoxicities of CTL and NK (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Tanreqing injection shows a significant effect in promoting the immune activity of lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer and their anti-tumor immunity.
Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; immunology ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; physiopathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; drug effects ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology*

Objective To estimate the relative effect of early vs. late tracheotomy on clinical end-points in un-selected intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.
Methods We searched electronic databases (up to February 27, 2013) for both randomized control trials and observational studies satisfying the predefined inclusion criteria.
Results We retrieved 11 reports of studies including a total of 13 705 patients. Early tracheotomy was associated with significant reductions in mortality [33.3% vs. 36.3%; relative risk (RR); 0.92; 95%confidence interval (CI):0.88, 0.97;I2:29%], length of ICU stay (mean difference:?6.55 days;95% CI:?8.19, ?4.90; I2: 98%) and duration of mechanical ventilation (mean difference: ?6.53 days; 95% CI:?11.43,?1.63;I2:100%). However, as compared with late tracheotomy, early tracheotomy did not reduce the incidence of hospital pneumonia (21.9%vs. 21.0%, RR:0.85;95%CI:0.68, 1.06;I2:67%).
Conclusions Early tracheotomy can reduce length of ICU stay, duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality but has no influence on hospital pneumonia when compared with late tracheotomy. Once the decision has been made about tracheotomy, clinical physicians should not hesitate to perform the procedure.

OBJECTIVETo observe the regulatory effects of psoralen, oleanolic acid, and stilbene glucoside, three active components of psoralea fruit, glossy privet fruit and tuber fleeceflower root respectively, on Aβ25-35induced self-renewal and neuron-like differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs).

METHODSEmbryonic NSCs werein vitro isolated and cultured from Kunming mice of 14-day pregnancy, and randomly divided into the control group, the Aβ25-35 group, the Aβ25-35 +psoralen group, the Aβ25-35 +oleanolic acid group, and the Aβ25-35 + stilbene glucoside group. The intervention concentration of Aβ25-35 was 25 µmol/L, and the intervention concentration of three active components of Chinese medicine was 10(-7)mol/L. The effect of three active components of Chinese medicine on the proliferation of NSCs was observed by counting method. The protein expression of Tubulin was observed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The ratio of Tubulin+/DAPI was caculated. Results Compared with the control group, the sperical morphology of NSCs was destroyed in the Aβ25-35 group, the counting of NSCs, the expression of Tubulin protein, and the ratio of Tubulin /DAPI all decreased (P <0.01, P <0.05). Compared with the Aβ25-35 group, the counting of NSCs, the expression of Tubulin protein, and the ratio of Tubulin + /DAPI all increased in the three Chinese medicine treated groups (P <0. 01, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONS25 µmol/L Aβ25-35 could inhibit self-renewal and neuron-like differentiating of NSCs. But psoralen, oleanolic acid, and stilbene glucoside could promote self-renewal of NSCs and neuron-like differentiation.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; physiology ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Mice ; Neural Stem Cells ; Neurogenesis ; drug effects ; Neurons ; cytology ; Peptide Fragments ; physiology ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVETo explore the different expression of TGF-beta1 and collagen during the healing process of wound infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1).

METHODS24 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into pure wound group (group A) and wound + PAO1 group (group B). The re-epithelial rate, shrinkage rate and neutrophils number on the wounds were observed on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 10th day after operation. The expression of TGF-beta1 and collage I, Ill was also detected.

RESULTSOn the 7th day, the re-epithelial rate in group A was higher than that in group B, while the shrinkage rate in group A was lower than that in group B. The neutrophils number increased to peak on the 1st day in group B, but on the 3rd day in group A. The TGF-beta1 expression increased after operation in both groups, but it decreased in group B on the 3rd day and re-increased after that. The TGF-beta1 expression was significantly different between the two groups on the 7th day (P < 0.05). The expression of collagen I and III decreased during healing. The expression of collagen III in group A was higher on the 3rd day and was lower on the 7th and 10th day than that in group B, showing a significant difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPAO1 infection could delay the expression of TGF-beta1 and collagen I, III on wound, which may interfere the healing process of wound.

Animals ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Collagen Type III ; metabolism ; Female ; Pseudomonas Infections ; pathology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Wound Infection ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of nitric oxide (NO) in vestibular compensation after unilateral vestibular deafferentation.

METHODSEighteen animals were divided into two groups, 6 of group a as control, 12 of group b received gentamicin intratympanic injection in the left ear. Half of the animals were killed respectively after 5 days and 10 days. Vestibular endorgan and brainstem tissue sections were subjected to NADPH-d reactive test of NOS for histochemical examination.

RESULTSIn group a, NOS-like reactivity in both sides of vestibular endorgan and nucli. In group b during 5 days, NOS-like reactivity in right side of vestibular endorgan and nucli, those of the left side were negative. During 10 days, NOS-like reactivity only in the right side of vestibular endorgan.

CONCLUSIONSChanges of NOS expression in the contralateral vestibular nucli might have played a role in vestibular compensation.

Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Brain Stem ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Gentamicins ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Vestibular Nerve ; metabolism ; Vestibular Nuclei ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; injuries ; metabolism ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo develop endolymphatic hydrops in both ears of guinea pigs by aldosterone.

METHODSThirty animals were divided into 3 groups with 10 in each group. Group A received left ears operation following Kimura', with right ears non-operated as control; group B received introperitonal injection of aldosterone (0.1 mg.0.1 kg-1.d-1) for continuous 5 days; group C received introperitonal injection of 0.5 ml 0.9% NS. Five out of group A,B and C were killed 1 month and 2 months later respectively for analysis of blood K+, Ca2+, Na+ and pathological examination of inner ear, heart, lung, brain, liver and kidney.

RESULTSIn group A' moderate to severe endolymphatic hydrops developed in the operated ears during 1 and 2 months. In group B, mild endolymphatic hydrops developed in the both ears during 1 month, and within 2 months it was moderate and severe. No endolymphatic hydrops developed in group C. In contrast to group C, No significant changes could be found in blood analysis of group A, but the concentrations of K+ and Ca2+ were declined, and that of Na+ were increased in group B. The heart, lung, brain, liver, and kidney of all animals were normal.

CONCLUSIONSAldosterone may induce endolymphatic hydrops in both ears.

Aldosterone ; Animals ; Endolymphatic Hydrops ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and clinical significance of cyclin H and cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) in human hemangiomas.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry technique was used to measure the expression of cyclin H and CDK7 proteins in proliferative, involuting hemangiomas and normal skin tissues. Immunohistochemical technique for factor VIII-related antigen was used to prove that the cells which expressed cyclin H and CDK7 were endothelial cells. Average optical density and positive area of the expression of cyclin H and CDK7 proteins in proliferative, involuting hemangiomas and normal skin tissues were measured by image analysis (HPIAS-1000).

RESULTSThe expression of cyclin H and CDK7 protein in proliferating hemangiomas was significantly higher than that in involuting hemangiomas and normal skin tissues (P < 0.01). But no significant difference was found in the expression of cyclin H and CDK7 protein between involuting hemangiomas and normal skin tissues (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONScyclin H and CDK7 may play an important role in the generation and development of human hemangiomas.

Cyclin H ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; metabolism ; Hemangioma ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of vasopressin on aquaporin 7 (AQP7) expression in rat inner ear and reveal the possible role of aquaporins in the formation of endolymphatic hydrops induced by vasopressin.

METHODSWistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 50 microg/kg arginine vasopressin once a day for one week. Differentially expressed genes of aquaporins induced by vasopressin injection in rat inner ear were filtered by cDNA microarray. The changes of mRNA expression level of AQP7 in inner ear of rats treated with vasopressin injection were measured by RT-PCR.

RESULTSDifferentially expressed gene AQP7 of aquaporins induced by vasopressin injection was screened out in rat inner ear. The expression level of AQP7 mRNA in inner ear of rats treated with vasopressin injection was significantly lower.

CONCLUSIONVasopressin may down-regulate the expression of AQP7 mRNA in the endolymphatic sac and induce a decreased absorption of endolymph, which decreases the water permeability in the potassium ions recycle pathway in the organ of Corti and disturbs the circulation of endolymph, resulting in endolymphatic hydrops.

Animals ; Aquaporins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Arginine Vasopressin ; metabolism ; Ear, Inner ; metabolism ; Endolymphatic Hydrops ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar