AIM:To evaluate the effect of curcumin on impaired learning-memory ability and the expression of high mobility group box protein 1 ( HMGB1 ) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase ( JNK ) in a rat model of Alzheimer disease (AD).METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250~270 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=9):blank control group (group A), model group (group B), curcumin treatment group (group C, curcumin injected intraper-itoneally at 100 mg· kg-1· d-1 for 6 consecutive days) and solvent control group (group D).The rats of AD model were induced by injection of ibotenic acid into the nucleus basalis of Meynert ( NBM) bilaterally.All rats were trained in Morris maze to assess the ability of learning and memory .The expression of HMGB1 and JNK in the hippocampus was detected by the methods of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting .RESULTS:Compared with group A , the average escape laten-cy (AEL) in groups B and D were obviously longer (P<0.05), while AEL in group C in the 5th and 6th days were signif-icantly shorter (P<0.05).The releases of HMGB1 in the CA1 and CA3 areas in groups B and D from the nucleus were a-bundant.Compared with groups B and D , HMGB1 in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas in group C secreted out of the nu-cleus decreased obviously (P<0.05).No significant difference of the release of HMGB1 between group A and group C was observed (P>0.05).No significant difference in the expression of HMGB1 in the hippocampus among the 4 groups was found (P>0.05).However, compared with groups B and D , the expression of JNK in group C was decreased obvi-ously (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Curcumin significantly improves the learning and memory ability of AD rats .The probable mechanisms may be related to inhibiting the release of HMGB 1 from the nucleus of hippocampal neurons and de-creasing the expression of JNK in the hippocampus .

Objective To investigate the effects of lipoxin A4 on store-operated calcium channel (SOC) and production of reactive oxygen species in macrophages induced by hpopolysaccharide (LPS).Method Macrophages were randomly assigned Io one of the following six groups:control group,LPS group,Thapsigargin group,lipoxin A4+LPS group,lipoxin A4+Thapsigargin group,2-Aminoethoxydiphenylborate+Thapsigargin group.The intracellular[Ca2+]iwas analyzed by eonfoeal laser microscopy.The production of reactive oxygen specips(ROS) was assayed by flow cytometry.Results LPS increased intracellular[Ca2+]i and reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner.Lipoxin A4 suppressed approximately 75% of the Ca2+ ertry signal induced by thapsigargin and suppressed approximately 93% of the Ca2+ entry signal induced by LPS.The increase in intracellular[Ca2+]i was associated with increased ROS production which was abolished in the presence of lipoxin A4.Conclusions These findings indicate that the LPS-indueed intracellular[Ca2*]i increase depends on the Ca2+entry through SOC channel,and lipoxin A4 inhibits Ca2+ influx and ROS production through SOC channel in ratine maerophages induced by LPS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharynx ; pathology ; Sulfuric Acid Esters ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To construct eukaryotic expression vector of wild type E 4F1 and the mutant deleting amino acid region 32-81, and to detect the interaction between wild type or mutant E 4F1 and p53 and to study the effect of E4F1 on the expression level of p21.Methods Wild type and mutant sequences of E 4F1 were amplified from the mammary library using standard PCR and recombinant PCR .The sequences were cloned into pXJ 40-MYC vector to generate the MYC-E4F1 and MYC-E4F1(Δ32-81) recombinant plasmids that were transfected into 293T cells and identified by Western blotting . FLAG-p53 and MYC-E4F1 or MYC-E4F1(Δ32-81) were co-transfected into 293T cells and immunoprecipitation assay was performed to detect the interaction of wild type or mutant E 4F1 with p53.Wild type and mutant E4F1 expressing vec-tors were co-transfected into osteosarcoma U2OS cells and the expression of p21was detected.Results Recombinant plas-mids of MYC-E4F1 and MYC-E4F1(Δ32-81) were successfully constructed.Both wild type and mutant E4F1 interacted with p53.Deletion of amino acid region 32-81 of E4F1 increased the interaction .The expression level of p21 was in-creased by wild-type E4F1, but not by mutant E4F1.Conclusion The eukaryotic expression vector of wild type E4F1 and its deletion mutant is successfully constructed .Both of them interact with p53.Deletion of amino acid region 32-81 of E4F1 increases the interaction .This study contributes to further studies on the regulation and mechanism of E 4F1 on p53.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the serotype distribution, drug resistance rate and drug resistance gene carrying of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in hospitalized patients, and evaluate the coverage of the vaccine to the serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae in this area, so as to provide reference for the rational use of antibiotics in clinic. Methods　A total of 150 strains of non-repetitive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from inpatients from January 2015 to December 2019 were collected for serotyping and antimicrobial sensitivity test. The carrying rates of pbp2b, ermB and tetM were detected by PCR. Results　The PCR classification rate of 150 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae was 93.1%, and the classification rate of capsular swelling test was 100%, and a total of 19 serotypes were divided, mainly 19F and 6B. Children's serotypes were predominantly 19F, 6B, and 15A; adult serotypes were predominantly 19F, 14, and 23F. The coverage rates of the PCV7, PCV10, PCV13 and PPV23 vaccines were 36.8%, 42.1%, 57.9% and 68.4%, respectively. Strains with serotypes of 19F, 6B, 3, and 23F had higher rates of resistance to antimicrobials. The sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin was greater than 96.0%. Antimicrobials with significant differences in resistance rates between invasive and non-invasive strains were penicillin, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin. The percentage of strains carrying both ermB and tetM resistance genes was 96.0%, and the concordance rate between pbp2b, ermB and tetM resistance genes and the resistance phenotype was >98.0%. A total of 10 multi-resistance combinations were detected, with a multi-resistance rate of 62.6%, and the multi-drug resistance pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae was mainly concentrated in the 19F and 6B serotypes. Conclusion　There are significant age differences in the serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in this area. The vaccine currently used has low coverage in this region and therefore offer limited protection to the population. The drug resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae varied significantly among serotypes. Erythromycin and tetracycline are not recommended for clinical treatment of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Penicillin can still be used as the first choice for clinical treatment of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.

China ; Genes, Bacterial ; Sequence Analysis ; Streptococcus suis ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Virulence Factors ; genetics

Objective To observe the effect of stanozolol(ST) on long bone growth and maturation of pubertal female rats treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist(GnRHa).Methods At 3 weeks of age,42 female Sprague-Dawley rats(brood) were divided into 7 groups(ST dosage groups,as 5 000 ?g/100 g group,200 ?g/100 g group,100 ?g/100 g group,50 ?g/100 g group,25 ?g/100 g group,solvent control group and blank control group)(n=6).Forty-eight female rats were divided into 8 groups(ST therapeutic duration)(n=6).Rats received 2.5 mg/kg im slow-released GnRHa(triptorelin,as 2 d group,3 d group,5 d group,7 d group,10 d group,13 d group,soluent control group and blank control group) which was repeated every 2 weeks for 2 times,3 days after the 2nd GnRHa(D1),ST dosage groups were subcutaneously administrated ST at the various dosage daily(D1-D13).ST therapeutic duration groups were subcutaneously administrated ST at the dosage of 100 ?g/100 g daily for different duration.All the rats were killed on the D14.On the day of sacrifice,body weight,body length and left tibial length were measured,plasma were taken for determining insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1),right tibia were fixed,demineralized and processed for paraffin-embedding.Paraff sections were HE stained for growth plate measurements.proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) on growth plate was analyzed with immunohistochemistry staining and image.Results 1.In the 5 000 ?g/100 g ST dosage group,the weight,Height and tibial length exceeded than those of the other dosage and control groups(Pa

creatinine concentration. Conclusion Bisphosphonates can decrease serum total calcium levels in hypercalcemia crisis caused by PHPT effectivelywith mild adverse events.

Objective To explore the correlation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types with endoscopic features and pathological types of gastric polyps.Methods A total of 1 746 patients with gastric polyps admitted to the Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases,Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were enrolled.The clinical data of the patients were collected,including gender,age,information obtained by four diagnostic methods of TCM,and pathological types and predilection sites of gastric polyps as well as their number and size.The distribution of TCM syndromes in the patients with gastric polyps and their correlation with endoscopic features and pathological types of the polyps were analyzed.Results(1)Of the 1 746 patients,1 107(63.40%)were female and 639(36.60%)were male,with the male to female ratio being 1∶1.73.The incidence of gastric polyps was positively correlated with the age(P＜0.01):the older the age,the higher the incidence rate.The middle-aged and elderly people were the predilection population for gastric polyps,and the patients aged over 40 years old accounted for 87.40%.(2)The TCM syndrome types of patients with gastric polyps were predominated by spleen-stomach qi deficiency syndrome(418 cases,23.94%),and then came cold-damp obstruction syndrome(394 cases,22.57%),damp-heat in the spleen and stomach syndrome(353 cases,20.22%),qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction syndrome(311 cases,17.81%)and phlegm blended with blood stasis syndrome(70 cases,15.46%).(3)There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of TCM syndromes between the genders(P＜0.01):spleen-stomach qi deficiency syndrome,cold-damp obstruction syndrome,qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction syndrome and phlegm blended with blood stasis syndrome were more common in the female,while damp-heat in the spleen and stomach syndrome was more common in the male.The distribution of TCM syndromes varied in different age groups(P＜0.01):patients aged over 30 years old were more likely to suffer spleen-stomach qi deficiency syndrome,patients aged 30-39 and 40-49 years old were more likely to suffer damp-heat in the spleen and stomach syndrome,patients aged 50-59 years old were more likely to suffer qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction syndrome,and patients aged 60 years old or above were more likely to suffer cold-damp obstruction syndrome.(4)The pathological types of gastric polyps were predominated by fundus gland polyps(1 327 cases,76.00%),followed by hyperplastic polyps(266 cases,15.23%),inflammatory polyps(146 cases,8.36%),and adenomatous polyps(7 cases,0.40%).There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of TCM syndromes among various pathological types(P＜0.01):fundus gland polyps were common in the patients with spleen-stomach qi deficiency syndrome,hyperplastic polyps were common in the patients with qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction syndrome,inflammatory polyps were common in the patients with cold-damp obstruction syndrome,and adenomatous polyps were common in the patients with phlegm blended with blood stasis syndrome.(5)Gastric polyps were characterized by multiple polyps(1 120 cases,64.15%),single polyp was rare(626 cases,35.85%).The distribution of TCM syndromes varied in the patients with different number of polyps(P＜0.05):patients with multiple polyps were predominated by spleen-stomach qi deficiency syndrome(25.45%),patients with single polyp were predominated by damp-heat in the spleen and stomach syndrome(24.28%).(6)Gastric polyps frequently appeared in the gastric body and gastric fundus,with the diameter being or less than 0.5 cm.And the differences of the distribution of TCM syndromes in the patients with various favored sites and polyp size were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion TCM syndrome types of patients with gastric polyps are correlated with gender and age of the patients and with the pathological types and number of gastric polyps.The incidence is positively correlated with the age,and middle-aged and elderly people are the predilection population of gastric polyps.The female incidence is significantly higher than that of the male,and damp-heat in the spleen and stomach syndrome is more common in the male while the rest of syndrome types are more common in the female.The patients with gastric fundus gland polyps usually suffer spleen-stomach qi deficiency syndrome,patients with hyperplastic polyps usually suffer qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction syndrome,patients with inflammatory polyps usually suffer cold-damp obstruction syndrome,and patients with adenomatous polyps usually suffer phlegm blended with blood stasis syndrome.

Objective To explore the effects of clinical nursing pathway on patients with total laryngectomy.Methods Totals of 67 cases with total laryngectomy were divided into intensive group(34cases)and control group(33 cases) according to the random number table.Control group received nursing of routine interview before operation and cooperation during operation,while intervention group received clinical nursing pathway,including preoperative interview pathway,operation day support pathway,and postoperative interview Pathway.Many items of two groups were observed such as anxiety situation which measured by Self rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),operation starting time,bleeding during operation,anesthesia recovery time,complication during anesthesia recovery and patients' satisfaction degree.Results The SAS score of intervention group in one day before operation and before anesthesia was (46.37 ±4.78),(49.85 ±5.60),respectively,lower than that of control group ( 50.75 ± 5.82),( 53.96 ± 6.95 ),and the difference was statistically significant ( t =3.371,2.669,respectively; P ＜ 0.01 ).In intervention group,amount of bleeding during operation was (299.63 ±46.71 ) ml,anesthesia recovery time was (26.10 ± 5.08 ) min,hospital stays was ( 15.02 ± 2.74 ) d and patients'satisfaction score was(4.53 ±0.46),lower than that of control group,which in order was( 340.65 ± 59.68 ) ml,(34.50 ± 6.75)min,(19.76 ± 3.62)d,and differences between two groups were statistically significant (t =3.138,3.021,6.055,11.800,respectively;P ＜0.01).Conclusions Implementing surgery clinical nursing pathway for total laryngectomy patients can relive their anxiety,reduce operation staring time and anesthesia recovery time and reduce bleeding amount during operation and the incidence of complication during anesthesia recovery,which had improved therapeutic effect and patients' satisfaction.