The formation of macrophage-derived foam cells is a typical feature of atherosclerosis (AS). Reverse cholesterol efflux (RCT) is one of important factors for the formation of macrophage foam cells. In this study, macrophage form cells were induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and then treated with different concentrations of ferulic acid, so as to observe the effect of ferulic acid on the intracellular lipid metabolism in the ox-LDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation, the cholesterol efflux and the mRNA expression and protein levels of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) that mediate cholesterol efflux, and discuss the potential mechanism of ferulic acid in resisting AS. According to the findings, compared with the control group, the ox-LDL-treated group showed significant increase in intracellular lipid content, especially for the cholesterol content; whereas the intracellular lipid accumulation markedly decreased, after the treatment with ferulic acid. The data also demonstrated that the mRNA and protein expressions of ABCA1 and ABCG1 significantly increased after macrophage foam cells were treated with different concentrations of ferulic acid. In summary, ferulic acid may show the anti-atherosclerosis effect by increasing the surface ABCA1 and ABCG1 expressions of macrophage form cells and promoting cholesterol efflux.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; analysis ; genetics ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family G, Member 1 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; analysis ; genetics ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Coumaric Acids ; pharmacology ; Foam Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins ; analysis ; genetics ; Mice

Objective To summarize the value of early mechanical ventilation plus continuous vacuum suction in treatment of serious pulmonary contusion.Methods Forty-eight cases of severe pulmonary contusion were assigned to mechanical ventilation plus continuous vacuum suction (observation group,n =20) and mechanical ventilation plus discontinuous vacuum suction (control group,n =28)according to the random number table.Modes of mechanical ventilation were synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV),pressure support ventilation (PSV),and positive and expiratory pressure (PEEP).Changes in blood gas analysis,mechanical ventilation time,and associated complications were compared between groups.Results At ventilation time of 6 and 24 hours,PaO2 in observation group was (100.36 ± 5.90) mmHg and (105.34 ± 7.40) mmHg respectively,with significant differences from (75.36 ± 8.95) mmHg and (76.36 ± 8.35) mmHg in control group (P ＜ 0.01).At ventilation time of 24 hours,PaO2/FiO2 was (283.50 ± 15.20) mmHg in observation group and (201.50 ± 10.20) mmHg in control group (P ＜0.01).Mechanical ventilation time and PEEP at ventilation time of 48 hours in observation group was (3.2 ± 1.1) days and (4.5 ± 2.3) cmH2 O,with significant differences from (6.5 ± 2.8) days and (8.5 ± 2.5) cmH2O in control group (P ＜ 0.01).Associated complications of the two groups revealed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Early mechanical ventilation with sustained vacuum suction is effective to keep airway clear,improve oxygenation index,decrease PEEP level,and control the duration of mechanical ventilation,but may not lower the risks of ventilator-associated pneumonia and pulmonary atelectasis.

Abortion, Spontaneous ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To observe the effects of vitamin C (VC) and E (VE) on the uhrastrueture of liver, kidney and brain tissue of fluorosis rats. Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were chosen as the experimental animals and were divided into 9 groups randomly. The control group were given distilled water and the fluoride exposed group were given distilled water containing sodium fluoride 150 mg/L. The throe VC-fluoride exposed groups were given VC orally in a dose of 50,100,150 mg·kg-1.d-1, respectively, and the three VE-fluoride exposed groups were given VE of 25,50,75 mg·kg-1·d-1, respectively. The VC-VE-fluoride exposed group were given VC of 100 mg·kg-1·d-1and VE of 50 mg·kg-1·d-1at the same time of high fluoride water intake. The rats were sacrificed after 9 months and the ultrastructure changes on liver, kidney and brain tissues of each group were observed under transmission electron microscope(TEM). Results The uhrastrueture of liver, kidney and brain showed pathologic changes in the rats that drank water containing high eoneentrations of sodium fluoride. ①Edema of hepatocytes, smeared mitochontria and nuclear matrix, lipid droplet in eytoplasm of hepatocytes, margination of nueleohs as well as obvious swelling of liver sinusoidal endothelial were observed in fluoride exposed group. ② There were marginafion of heterochromatin, expansion of cell space and endoplasmic reticulum in the kidney after the exposure to excess fluoride.③Signifieant changes were found on glial eells on the brain, including cell swelling, increase and marginafion of heterochromatin in the fluoride exposure group. There were no significant uhrastrueture changes in the VC or VE intervention group, while the VC-VE-fluoride exposure group was almost the same as the control group. Conclusions Fluoresis may cause damage on liver, kidney and brain in rats. VC and VE, alone or combined, have protective effects, and the combined supplementation was stronger than single supplementations.

BACKGROUND:Volar locking plate is the dominant treatment of distal radial fractures, but it is difficult to judge the distance between the plate position and the carpal articular surface, thus leading to screw penetration of the articular surface. Arthroscopy or operative perspective has their pros and cons, there is no simple and effective method of positioning the plate.
OBJECTIVE:To find the optimal position of Volar LCP in distal radius fractures and explore the role of computer simulation in this treatment.
METHODS:The CT data of the wrists in 20 adult patients were col ected to calculate 3D models of the radius by MIMICS software. 3D model of the LCP was calculated by UG in working station. The distance between the plate and the distal radius joint was measured by computer simulation, and the mean value was calculated. A total of 33 Patients with distal radial fractures were divided into two groups:conventional treatment group (regular X-ray and CT) and computer simulation group (preoperative plan based on the computer-measured data).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The safe distance between the screw center and the articular facet was 11.13 mm in males and 10.97 in females. The number of radiation and operating time were shortened significantly in computer simulation group (P<0.05). Experimental findings indicate that, computer simulation is a powerful tool to find the optimal position of volar LCP in the distal radius fractures. The time of the operation and X-ray fluoroscopy are also shortened significantly.

ObjectiveTo evaluate treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) using different amastomoses. MethodsTwenty one T2DM patients were divided into two groups:transoral EEA (OrVil) and Endo-GIA according to ways of gastrointestinal anatomosis andunderwentLRYGB. Clinicaldataincluding outcomeof operation, complications,preoperative and postoperative oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT),Homa-IR,Homa-β,blood lipid and nutrition status were analyzed.ResultsLRYGB procedures were successfully performed in all the 21 patients with no conversion to open surgery.The difference of intraoperative blood loss,postoperative recovery time between two groups was not significant.The mean operation time in OrVil group ( 126 ± 29 )mins was shorter than that in Endo-GIA group ( 156 ± 28 ) mins ( P ＜ 0.05 ),but at the same time,the mean expenditure was higher. Evaluated on three months after operation,the T2DM cure rate was 78％,and effective rate was 100％ in OrVil goup and those were 83％,100％ respectively in Endo-GIA group.No postoperative malnutrition, anemia or severe complication occurred.ConclusionsThe efficiency of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using different amastomoses was same in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.The operation time was shorter in OrVil group but the expenditure was higher.

Objective:To establish the RPB5-mediating protein (RMP)-silenced stable cell lines and study the inhibitory effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting RMP gene on the proliferation and migration of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells. Methods:Three RMPi siRNAs were designed and synthesized in vitro and transfected into SMMC-7721 cells. The inhibitory effect of siRNA on RMP gene expression was measured by RT-PCR to select the best siRNA. The expression vector pGPU6-Neo-RMP-484 was transfected into SMMC-7721 cells by the lipofectamine and the cells stably expressing the siRNA were selected by G418. RT-PCR was used to detect the interference efficacy against RMP gene. Cell proliferation and adhesion were measured by MTT assay. Wound healing test was used to observe the migration ability of cells. Results:The SMMC-7721 cell lines with down-regulated RMP expression were established by using RNA interference technology. Compared with the negative control cells, expression of RMP mRNA was down-regulated by(83.67±2.56)% .The proliferation of stable-transfected cells was inhibited by(74.33±0.58)% . The adhesion capability of stable-transfected cells was enhanced but the migration capacity was decreased compared with the negative control cells. Conclusion:The pGPU6-Neo-RMP-484 cell lines with stable transfection of RMP siRNA recombinant vector are successfully screened,which can be used as a cellular model for studying the molecular mechanism of RMP. Down-regulation of RMP gene expression can effectively inhibit the proliferation, enhance the adhesion, and decrease the migration of SMMC-7721 cells.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia(JMML) and the PCNA levels of the hyperoxia -exposure group (6 h)decreased,and the difference in PCNA protein expres-sion levels was significant of gene diagnose for JMML.Methods Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 21 pa-tients suffering from JMML based on new 2009 World Health Organization diagnostic criteria from January 201 3 to June 201 4 in Beijing Children′s Hospital,Capital Medical University.Results There were 85.7% (1 8 /21 cases)patients within 4 -year -old children,and the median age was 23 months (2 -86 months).Fever and abdominal symptoms were the prominent clinical symptoms,52.4% (1 1 /21 cases)with fever,38.1 % (8 /21 cases)with abdominal dis-tention,diarrhea and other abdominal symptoms,80.5% (1 9 /21 cases)had splenomegaly (mild 1 9.1 %,middle 33.3%,severe 38.1 %),and some patients had other tissue infiltration,such as rash,yellow tumor and lymphnode enlargement.Peripheral blood cell count showed that the white blood cells increased because of anemia or thrombocyto-penia,ranging from 1 0.40 ×1 09 /L to 82.1 4 ×1 09 /L(median,26.1 0 ×1 09 /L),and the monocyte counts ranged from 1 .46 ×1 09 /L to 21 .60 ×1 09 /L(median,3.79 ×1 09 /L),characteristics of JMML gene abnormality was detected in 1 7 cases:including 1 1 single gene mutation,and 6 cases with double gene mutations.PTPN11 was the highest frequency of occurrence,accounting for 52.9% (9 /1 7 cases),and NF1 mutation was 35.3% (6 /1 7 cases).All the patients were followed up by phone call,the median follow -up time was 371 days (57 -562 days),6 patients were lost to follow -up,7 patients died,2 patients were alive after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,1 patient converted to acute non lymphocytic leukemia,and 5 patients were still alive after receiving symptomatic treatment.Among dead cases,PTNT11 gene mutation and NF1 gene mutation were detected in 6 patients;among living children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,RAS and PTNT11 mutations were detected in 2 patients;among living children after symptomatic treat-ment,RAS mutation was detected in 2 patients and PTPN11 +CBL mutation in 1 case.Conclusions The symptom and laboratory examination of JMML have no specificistics,with poor prognosis,gene diagnose has guiding significance for JMML diagnose and for selecting therapy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect and treatment experience of complicated acetabular fractures treated with open reduction with combined ilio-inguinal and Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) approaches.MethodsSixty-six patients with complicated acetabular fractures were treated surgically with combined ilio-inguinal and K-L approaches from February 2004 to December 2009.Among them,45 cases were followed up for 8-45 months,with the average 26 months.ResultsOperation time was 1.4-5.7 h,with the average of 2.8 h.Intraoperative blood loss was 530-2300 ml,with the average of 1250 ml.According to Matta's score system,the excellent and good rate was 86.7％.According to modified Merle d' Aubigne and Postel score system,the excellent and good rate of function of hip was 86.7％.According to Brooker heterotopic ossification standard assessment system:Ⅰ degrees in 6,Ⅱ degrees in 3.According to Letournel and Judet clinical classification system,postoperative traumatic arthritis were 6 patients.Among them,3 patients with Ⅲ- Ⅴ period with symptoms of serious hip pain and joint activities obstacles were treated with total hip replacement secondly.Six cases of sciatic nerve injury and 9 cases of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve damage were recovered gradually after six months to a year.All incisions healed primarily.All got bony union,the healing time was 8 to 16 weeks,with the average of 10.4 weeks.None was complicated with femoral head necrosis.ConclusionFor the patients with complicated acetabular fractures,open reduction with combined ilio-inguinal and K-L approaches can get clinical advantages of revealed fully,fracture restoration convenient,fixed tightly,fewer complications and satisfactory result.

Objective Toinvestigatethepreoperativeriskfactorsofpostoperativeatrialfibrillation(POAF)inpatients undergoingoff-pumpcoronaryarterybypassgrafting(CABG). Methods Atotalof1888patientsunderwentoff-pump CABGinourhospitalweredividedintonewonsetatrialfibrillationgroup(POAFgroup, n=389)andnonAFgroup(NPOAF group, n=1 499). Univariate analysis was used to compare general clinical data, preoperative biochemical indicators, preoperativeechocardiography,coronaryarterydiseaseandpreoperativemedicationbetweentwogroups.Theindicatorswith statisticallysignificantdifferenceswerefurtheranalyzedbyLogisticsregressionanalysis. Results TheincidenceofPOAF was20.60%(389/1888).Thedataofage,chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD)history,myocardialinfarction history, preoperative urea nitrogen (BUN) level, left atrial diameter (LAD) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD)werehigherinPOAFgroupthanthoseofNPOAFgroup,andthepreoperativeHYHAgradingwaslowerinPOAF groupthanthatofNPOAFgroup（P＜0.05).Theproportionofpreoperativeuseofbetablockerswassignificantlylowerin POAFgroupthanthatofNPOAFgroup(P＜0.01).LogisticregressionanalysisshowedthatincreasedageandLADwere independentpreoperativeriskfactorsforPOAF.PreoperativebetablockerapplicationwasaprotectivefactorforPOAF. Conclusion Itsuggeststhatage,LADandpreoperativebetablockerapplicationarerelatedtotheoccurrenceofPOAFin patientsunderwentoff-pumpCABG.