Aim To determine potential biomarkers contributed to occurrence, development and recovery of ethanol-induced liver injury in rat and elucidate hepatoprotective effect of Yin Chen Hao Tang based on metabonomic investigation. Methods A UPLC-Q-TOF/MS based metabonomic method was developed for investigating trajectory change and inter-relationship of urinary metabolome of rats with different treatments. Results Four potential biomarkers were determined which contributed to occurrence, development and recovery of ethanol-induced liver injury in rat, and Yin Chen Hao Tang could significantly recover trajectory change in disorder. Conclusion The developed method was successfully applied to investigate ethanol-induced liver injury in rat, and also hepatoprotective effect of Yin Chen Hao Tang was elucidated.

BACKGROUND:The safety and efficacy of paclitaxel-eluting stents (Taxus DES) has been proved by international researchers in clinic investigations.Based on further inclusion criteria,the incidence of in-stent restenosis is still lower than that of bare-metal stent.OBJECTIVE:TO observe restenosis of Taxus DES and the effect on local vessels through applying the follow up of coronary angiography and to investigate the biocompatibility of stent and host.DESIGN:Following-up observation.SETTING:Department of Cardiology,General Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS:A total of 297 patients who had undergone coronary Taxus DES implantation for coronary artery disease were selected from Cardiovascular Department of General Hospital of Chinese PLA from May 2003 to May 2005.There were 265 males and 32 females and their ages ranged from 36 to 76 years.All patients provided informed consent,and the experiment had got confirmed consent from local ethic committee.METHODS:All patients were implanted Taxus DES and received the follow up within 6 and 12 months.In addition,at 6 months after operation,coronary angiography was used to measure the reference vessel diameter (RVD) and the minimal lumen diameter(MLD),calculate diameter restenosis rate and observe late loss.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Coronary angiography at 6 months after Taxus DES implantation and biocompatibility of stent and host.RESULTS:①Quantitative angiographic analysis(QCA):Angiographic follow-up showed that the late loss of in-stent was significantly higher than that of pro-in-lesion and dis-in-lesion(P＜0.05).②Coronary angiography in-stent restenosis:In 134 angiographic follow-up patients,a total of 14 patients experienced restenosis,and the incidence was 10.4%(14/134).The patterns of restenosis were diffuse in-stent in 7 patients and the rate of revascularization was 6.7%.③Stent aneurysm:Angiographic evidence of aneurysm was observed in one patient among follow-up cases,and the rate of which was 0.75% (1/134).④Clinic follow-up major adverse cardiac events(MACE):Among 297 patients,one patient was attracted sudden death 5 months after intervention (0.34%; 1/297),and one patient was suffered subacute thrombosis 5 days after stent implant (0.34%;1/297),and late thrombosis occurred in 2 patients.The general rate of MACE was 1.35%.CONCLUSION:①The late loss of Taxus DES mainly takes place in in-stent.The patterns of restenosis of Taxus DES are in majority of diffuse in-stent,and the incidence of MACE is low.②Taxus DES possibly results aneurysm in local vessels.The follow up indicates that Taxus DES has a good biocompatibility to patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the toxic effects of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), used as an alternative to decabromodiphenyl ether in vitro.

METHODSHepG2 cells were cultured in the presence of DBDPE at various concentrations (3.125-100.0 mg/L) for 24, 48, and 72 h respectively and the toxic effect of DBDPE was studied.

RESULTSAs evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays and nuclear morphological changes, DBDPE inhibited HepG2 viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner within a range of 12.5 mg/L to 100 mg/L and for 48 h and 72 h. Induction of apoptosis was detected at 12.5-100 mg/L at 48 h and 72 h by propidium iodide staining, accompanied with overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a widely used ROS scavenger, significantly reduced DBDPE-induced ROS levels and increased HepG2 cells viability.

CONCLUSIONDBDPE has cytotoxic and anti-proliferation effect and can induce apoptosis in which ROS plays an important role.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bromobenzenes ; toxicity ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Pollutants ; toxicity ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of sintering temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of dental zirconia toughened ceramic (ZTC).

METHODS3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia compacts were prepared by dry press method and then sintered at 1,490 degrees C, 1,530 degrees C, 1,570 degrees C and 1,610 degrees C respectively. The physical properties and bending strength were then measured.

RESULTSThe result of the study indicated along with the rise of sintering temperature density and shrinkage of ZTC increased, but the pore structure decreased. It also showed the peak of bending strength was in 1,570 degrees C.

CONCLUSIONSIn terms of sintering temperature and bending strength among the selected temperature, the best sintering temperature of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia should be about 1,570 degrees C.

Dental Porcelain ; chemistry ; Hardness ; Temperature ; Tensile Strength ; Yttrium ; chemistry ; Zirconium ; chemistry

Background:The preferred treatment for uncomplicated type B dissection (thoracic endovascular aortic repair [TEVAR] or medical) is still under debate.Since 2001,our center has performed TEVAR for uncomplicated type B dissection.Based on our data,5-and 10-year survival rates among patients with uncomplicated type B dissection after TEVAR were 96.5％ and 83.0％,respectively.We,therefore,believe that TEVAR is preferable for uncomplicated type B dissections.This study analyzed the impact of a pre-operative smoking history on long-term survival after TEVAR in patients with uncomplicated type B dissections.Methods:From May 2001 to December 2013,data from 751 patients with type B dissections were collected and analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups (337 smoking patients and 414 non-smoking patients).The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare survival curves of the two groups.Multivariable analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model were used to estimate the effects of smoking on survival rates.Results:The 5-and 10-year survival rates of non-smokers were 97.6％ (95％ confidence interval [CI],96.0％-99.2％) and 87.0％ (95％ CI,81.6％-92.7％),respectively,and 94.9％ (95％ CI,92.2％-97.7％) and 73.8％ (95％ CI,62.3％-87.5％) for smokers,respectively (Log-rank test,P =0.006).Multivariable analyses showed that smoking increased the risk of death during follow-up,2.1-fold when compared to non-smokers (P =0.039).Conclusion:A pre-operative smoking history increases long-term mortality rates after TEVAR in patients with uncomplicated type B dissections.

Objective To assess the neointimal coverage after the implantation of various drug eluting stents (DES) by optical coherence tomography ( OCT). Methods The study comprised of 62 patients implanted DES for ( 15. 3 ± 5.7 ) months. Patients were divided into three groups according to the type of implanted stent: Cypher group ( patient = 26, stent = 57 ), Endeavor group ( patient = 17, stent = 23 )and Firebird group (patient = 19, stent = 32). OCT images of the stent were analyzed by software equipped by Light Lab system. Intimal thickness of 64 μm, 168 μm and 366 μm represents 10%, 25% and 50%lumen area loss, respectively. Neointimal coverage was thin with intimal thickness≤64 μm, satisfactory with intimal thickness between 65 μm and 366 μm and hyperplaisa and restenosis with intimal thickness ＞ 366μm. Results The percent of complete neointimal coverage was similar among groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The thickness of neointimal coverage in Cypher and Endeavor and Firebird group was (178.7 ± 11.9)μm,(228.7 ± 17. 1 ) μm and ( 170. 3 ± 13.3 ) μm, respectively( all P ＜ 0. 05 ). The symmetry of Cypher stent was better than Firebird stent, and the symmetry of Firebird stent was better than Endeavoe stent. Conclusion There was significant difference on neointimal coverage after various types of DES implantation, and OCT can be used to evaluate the symmetry of neointimal coverage post implantation of various DES.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of guava leaf (GL) in treating infantile rotaviral enteritis.Methods: Sixty-two patients of rotaviral enteritis were randomly divided into the treated group treated with GL and the control group treated with Gegen Qinlian Decoction. The time for ceasing diarrhea, content of Na+ in blood, content of Na+ and glucose in stool, and the rate of negative conversion of human rotavirus antigen (HRVA) were observed.Results: The 3-day recovery rate in the treated group (87.1%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (58.1%, P<0.05). The time of ceasing diarrhea in the treated group (25.1±9.5 hrs) was significantly shorter than that in the control group (38.7±15.2 hrs, P<0.01). Moreover, content of Na+ and glucose in stool were reduced obviously in the treated group but not in the control group; and negative conversion rate of HRVA in the former group also got better than that in the latter group (87.1% vs 58.1%, P<0.05). Consequently, the effect of GL was superior to that of the control significantly.Conclusion: GL has good curative effect on infantile rotaviral enteritis.

Aorta ; surgery ; Aorta, Thoracic ; surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of the temporary and permanent sensory disturbance of the inferorbital nerve (ION) after Le Fort I osteotomy.

METHODSThirty patients with 60 inferorbital nerves were examined preoperatively, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6-months after the operation of the Le Fort I osteotomy by using sharp-blunt testing, 2-point discrimination, electric pain response test (ZGK-1 electrometer).

RESULTSThe incidence of the temporary nerve impairment was 75% (45 of 60) and the obvious recovery was found after 1 to 3 months after the operation. No permanent sensory disturbance was found in the patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe inferorbital nerve injury after Le Fort I osteotomy is usually temporary and the sensory recovery was in 1 to 3 months after the operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cranial Nerve Injuries ; etiology ; rehabilitation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Osteotomy, Le Fort ; adverse effects ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; rehabilitation ; Time Factors

BACKGROUNDThe heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide (HO/CO) system plays an important role in the development of hepatic fibrosis. The level of the HO/CO can be directly obtained by determining the carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level. The aims of this study were to reveal the significance of COHb in patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis (HBC) complicated by hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and to further investigate the influence of the HO/CO pathway on the end-stage cirrhosis, hoping to find a reliable indicator to evaluate the course of HBC.

METHODSAccording to the diagnostic criteria, 63 HBC inpatients with HE were enrolled in group H. Patients regaining awareness with current therapies were categorized into group P-H. Comparisons were made with a control group (group N) consisting of 20 health volunteers. The levels of COHb, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and oxygen saturation (SaO2) were determined by arterial blood gas analysis method. The incidences of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), upper gastrointestinal bleeding, esophagogastric varices and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in group H were recorded. COHb levels in different groups were compared, and the correlations of COHb levels with HE grades (I, II, III, and IV), PaO2, SaO2 and hypoxemia were analyzed.

RESULTSThe COHb level in group P-H ((1.672 ± 0.761)%) was significantly higher than that in group N ((0.983 ± 0.231)%) (P < 0.01), and the level in group H ((2.102 ± 1.021)%) was significantly higher than groups P-H and N (P < 0.01). A positive correlation was observed between the COHb concentration and the grade of HE (r(s) = 0.357, P = 0.004). There were no significant differences of COHb levels between HE patients with and without complications such as esophagogastric varices ((2.302 ± 1.072)% vs. (1.802 ± 1.041)%, P > 0.05) or the occurrence of SBP ((2.960 ± 0.561)% vs. (2.030 ± 1.021)%, P > 0.05). Compared with HE patients with HRS, the level of COHb was significantly higher in HE patients without HRS ((2.502 ± 1.073)% vs. (1.981 ± 1.020)%, P = 0.029). The COHb level had a negative correlation with PaO2 (r = -0.335, P = 0.007) while no statistically significant relationship was found with SaO2 (r = -0.071, P > 0.05). However, when the above two parameters met the diagnostic criteria of hypoxemia, the COHb concentration increased ((2.621 ± 0.880)% vs. (1.910 ± 0.931)%, P = 0.011).

CONCLUSIONSCOHb is a potential candidate to estimate the severity and therapeutic effect of HE. The levels of COHb may be tissue-specific in cirrhotic patients with different complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Carboxyhemoglobin ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrosis ; complications ; virology ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; metabolism ; Hepatitis B virus ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged