Objective: To screen the optimal formula and preparation process of vitamin B1 ( VB1 ) sustained-release tablets. Methods:The single-factor tests were used to investigate the type of filler, type and amount of matrix material hydroxypropyl methycel-lulose(HPMC), type and amount of retarder, tablet weight and core hardness. The orthogonal tests were used to investigate the amount of HPMC and ethyl cellulose( EC) and the core hardness. Results:The optimum formula was as follows:HPMC accounted for 50% of the tablet weight, EC accounted for 20%, the filler was lactose, the tablet weight was 200 mg and the tablet core hardness was 50 N. Conclusion:The prepared sustained-release tablets have significant controlled-release property, which provides reference for the devel-opment of new dosage form for VB1 .

This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of Polyporus umbellatus sclerotial exudate. Morphological characteristics of the sclerotia and its exudate were observed during different stages of sclerotial formation. The pH of the exudate was detected at different time during cultivation. A phenol-sulfuric acid method was employed to determine the polysaccharide content of P. umbellatus sclerotial exudate during cultivating time. Additionally, the protein content was measured by means of BCA protein assay. Furthermore, CAT content was detected using ultraviolet absorption method. That the protein content of the exudate and CAT specific activity rose gradually during the passage of the cultivating time indicated a high level of oxidative stress during P. umbellatus sclerotial exudate formation. The results showed that the pH of the exudate increased gradually and then dropped down during sclerotial formation. That the pH of the exudate maintained the acidity state during the cultivation indirectly indicated that acidic environment would help sclerotial formation. The exudate produced gradually and was absorbed by the sclerotia itself.
Culture Media ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fungal Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fungi ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Oxidative Stress ; Polyporus ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; metabolism

目的探讨对老年2型糖尿病患者行空气净化前后动脉血氧分压(PaO2)和二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)的变化。方法55例老年2型糖尿病患者分为观察组(29例)和对照组(26例)。观察组患者所处疗养室每日24h进行空气净化。分别于净化前、净化后第2、3、4周抽取动脉血检测PaO2 、PaCO2 、PH值和氧饱和度。 结果空气净化4周后,观察组PaO2、PaCO2 、氧饱和度有明显改善(P<0.01),PH值无显著性变化。结论空气净化能改善老年2型糖尿病患者的PaO2 、PaCO2。

Adult ; Burnout, Professional ; Female ; Humans ; Life Change Events ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Professional Competence ; Work ; psychology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of MMP-7 in peripher- al blood and esophageal cancer.Methods By using Real time RT-PCR, blood samples from 82 cases with postoperative esophageal cancer were detected.Results 37.8 %(32/82)patients were positive for MMP-7 mRNA expression.MMP-7 mRNA positivity significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis,stage,and hematogeneous metastasis.Recurrent disease was found in 28 of 82 cases. Of 28 patients experiencing re- lapse,15 patients were serially follow-up in every three months.The number positive of MMP-7 mRNA be- fore detection by imaging,at the same time of detection by imaging,and after detection by imaging was 5 cas- es,8 cases and 2 cases respectively.Conclusion Examination of MMP-7 mRNA in peripheral blood during follow-up is useful for early detection of occult recurrence.

To study photosynthetic characteristics and its influencing factors in leaves of medicinal plant Mirabilis himalaica, and provide an evidence for guiding artificial planting and improving the quantity. The light-response and diurnal photosynthesis course of leaves at the booting stages of 1-3 year old M. himalaica were measured with LI-6400 system. The Results showed that the light response curves were fitted well by non rectangle hyperbola equation (R2 > or = 0.98). The values of the maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax) and light use efficiency of three-year old M. himalaica leaves were higher than those of 1-2 year old individuals. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of 2-3 year old M. himalaica were typical double-peak curves determinately regulated by stomatal conductance. However, transpiration rate (Tr) of 1-3 year old plants leaves were single-peak curve, which was self-protection of harm reduction caused by the higher temperature at noontime. Correlation analysis showed that the changes between photosynthetic active radiation (PFD), air temperature (T ) and Pn, were significant positive related. Therefore, M. himalaica is a typical sun plant, which should be planted under the sufficient sunshine field and prolong the growing ages suitably in order to improve the yield.
Breeding ; Mirabilis ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Photosynthesis ; Temperature ; Time Factors

Objective To evaluate the effect of B-vitamins(B1,B6,B12)on diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP)in rats.Methods 104 male SD rals weighing 200-230 g were randomly divided into 13 groups(n=8 each):group Ⅰ control(group C);group Ⅱ DNP;group Ⅲ DNP+ normal saline(solvent of vitamins,group NS);group Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ DNP+vitamin B1 10,33 or 100mg/kg,kg(group B1 10,group B133,group B1 100);group Ⅶ,Ⅷ,Ⅺ DNP+vitamin B6 10,33 or 100 mg/kg(group B6 10,group B633,group B6100);group Ⅹ,Ⅲ,ⅫDNP+vitamin B12 0.5,1.5 or 4.5 mg/kg (group B12 0.5,group B121.5,group B124.5)and group ⅩⅢ DNP+vitamin B1 10/B6 33/B12 1.5 mg/kg(group VBC).Diabetes was induced with intraperitoneal(IP) streptozocin mg/kg in group Ⅱ-ⅩⅢ.B-vitamins were give.IP once a day for 14 consecutive days starting from 14 d after IP streptozocin in group Ⅳ-ⅩⅢ.Venous blood samples were taken before(baseline)and 3 d after IP streptozocin for determination of blood glucose level. Successful induction of diabetes was defined as blood glucose > 14.6 mmol/L. Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold to yon Frey stimuli (MWT) and paw withdrawal latency to thermal nociceptive stimulus (TWL) were measured 2 days before and 14 days after IP streptozocin and on the 1, 3, 7, 14 days of B-vitamin administration. Animals with pain threshold measured at 14 days after IP streptozocin decreasing by less than 15% of the baseline were excluded from the study. The animals were sacrificed after the last pain threshold measurement and L4,5 lumbar segment of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglions (DRG) were removed for determination of p-CREB expression using immuno-histuchemistry. Results MWT was significantly lower and TWL was significantly shorter and the expression of p-CREB was significantly higher in the other groups than in group C. B-vitamin administration significantly reduced thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia induced by diabetes and down-regulated the expression of p-CREB in a dose-dependent manner as compared with group DNP. The inhibitory effect of vitamin B complex against thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia was significantly stronger and the expression of p-CREB was significantly lower in group VBC as compared with group B110, group B633 and group B121 .5 respectively. Conclusion B-vitamains can attenuate DNP through inhibition of phospberylation of CREB in the spinal dorsal horn and DRG.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on the expression of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CBR1) and NR2B subunit-containing NMDA receptor in spinal cord dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in a rat model of neuropathic pain.Methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 200-230 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =18 each):sham operation group (S group),chronic constrictive injury (CCI) group,curcumin group (Cur group) and solvent control group (SC group).Neuropathic pain was induced by CCI.The sciatic nerve was exposed and 4 loose ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1 mm intervals in groups CCI,Cur and SC.Curcumin was injected intraperitoneally at 100 mg· kg- 1· d-1 for 14 consecutive days after operation in Cur group,while the equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide was given instead of curcumin in SC group.Mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured on 2 days before operation and on 1,3,7,10 and 14 days after operation.Six rats in each group were sacrificed on 3,7 and 14 days after operation and the lumbar segments of the spinal cord ( L4,5 ) and DRGs were removed to determine the expression of CBR1 and NR2B by immuno-histochemistry.Results Compared with S group,MWT was significantly decreased,TWL was significantly shortened,and the expression of CBR1 and NR2B in spinal cord dorsal horn and DRG neurons was up-regulated after operation in the other three groups (P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with CCI group,MWT was significantly increased,TWL was significantly prolonged,the expression of CBR1 inspinal cord dorsal horn and DRG neurons was up-regulated,and the expression of NR2B in spinal cord dorsal horn and DRG neurons was down-regulated after operation in group Cur (P ＜ 0.05 ),and no significant change in the parameters mentioned above was found in group SC ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Curcumin can alleviate neuropathic pain in rats,and up-regulation of CBR1 expression and down-regulation of NR2B expression in spinal cord dorsal horn and DRG neurons are involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) in hippocampus during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats with spontaneous hypertension (SH) .Methods One hundred and thirty-five male rats (homologous with WKY) with SH and 90 male normotensive WKY rats, weighing 275-325 g,were used in this study. The WKY rats were randomized into 2 groups ( n = 45 each) : sham operation group (WS group) and cerebral I/R group (W-I/R group) . The rats with SH were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 45each) : sham operation group (S-S group), cerebral I/R group (S-I/R group) and curcumin group (S-C group) .Global cerebral ischemia was produced by 4 vessel-occlusion method. The bilateral common carotid arteries were only exposed but not ligated in W-S and S-S groups. Intraperitoneal corn oil 10 ml/kg was injected at 30 min of reperfusion in W-I/R and S-I/R groups. Intraperitoneal curcumin 100 mg/kg was injected at 30 min of reperfusion in S-C group. Three animals in each group were sacrificed at 2 h, 6 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d of reperfusion and their brains were harvested for determination of apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the expression of JNK3 and PSD95in hippocampus. Results The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly increased in S-S group compared with W-S group ( P < 0.05) . The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly increased and the expression of JNK3was up-regulated in S-I/R group compared with S-S group ( P < 0.05) . The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly decreased and the expression of JNK3 was down-regulated in S-C group compared with S-I/R group (P <0.05) . There was no significant difference in the expression of PSD95 among all the groups ( P > 0.05) . Conclusion Curcumin can inhibit apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the mechanism is related to down-regulation of the expression of JNK3 in hippocampus. The mechanism by which curcumin down-regulates the expression of JNK3in hippocampus may not be related to PSD95 pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on the apoptosis in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion neurons in a rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) . Methods One hundred and eight male SD rats weighing 200-230 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 27 each): control group (group C), DNP group, solvent control group (group SC) and curcumin group (group Cur) . Diabetes was induced with intraperitoneal streptozocin 70 mg/kg. Successful induction of diabetes was defined as blood glucose ＞ 16.7 mmol/L. Curcumin and com oil 100 mg/kg (23 mg/ml) were given intraperitoneally once a day for 14 consecutive days starting from 14 days after administration of streptozocin in Cur and SC groups respectively. Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured 2 d before and 14 d after streptozocin injection and 3, 7 and 14 d after curcumin injection. The pain threshold measured at 14 d after administration of streptozocin decreased by more than 15% of the baseline in all the rats. The expression of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion was determined at 3, 7 and 14 d after curcumin injection by immuno-histochemistry and Western blot, and the neuronal apoptosis rate was determined by TUNEL. Results Compared with group C, MWT and Bcl-2 expression were significantly decreased, TWL was significantly shortened, the neurona lapoptosis rate and caspase-3 expression were significantly increased in DNP, SC and Cur groups ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group DNP, MWT and Bcl-2 expression were significantly increased, TWL was significantly prolonged, the neuronal apoptosis rate and caspase-3 expression were significantly decreased in Cur group ( P ＜0.05) . There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between DNP and SC groups ( P ＞0.05). Conclusion Curcumin can attenuate DNP by inhibiting the apoptosis in spinal dorsal hom and dorsal root ganglion neurons in rats, and the inhibition of caspase-3 expression and increase in Bcl-2 expression are involved in the mechanism.