OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of HHI-I (I) on the cerebral microcirculation, the blood-brain barrier permeability in rats and anti-hypoxic activity in mice.

METHODS(1) The blood microcirculation of the brain in rats was investigated by laser Doppler flowmetry with the probes laid on the cerebral pia mater or inserted into the brain parenchyma. (2) The protective action of HHI-I against the brain microcirculation disturbance induced by intravenous injection of high-molecular dextran (10%, 9 mL/kg) was observed. (3) The protective effect of HHI-I against lethal hypoxia in mice was observed with a hypoxic chamber containing 5% oxygen. (4) The disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in rats was caused by phenylephrine-induced hypertension, and the effect of intravenous injection of HHI-I on the BBB permeability was determined using Evans blue as the marker.

RESULTSHHI-I could increase the blood flow of the cerebral microcirculation in rats and possess some protective effects on the brain microcirculatory disturbance. Besides, HHI-I could decrease the brain edema occurring in the process of lethal hypoxia in mice. While increasing the blood flow of brain, HHI-I could lower the BBB permeability in rats.

CONCLUSIONHHI-I has several beneficial effects on the cerebral microcirculation, blood-brain barrier in rats and anti-hypoxic activity in mice.

Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; drug effects ; Brain ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Capillary Permeability ; drug effects ; Cell Hypoxia ; drug effects ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Female ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Microcirculation ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

This paper expounds how the tractor for the fracture reduction works. The clinical results show that the traction apparatus is a labour-saving and time-saving orthopedic device with simple operation and few suffering to patients.
Arm Injuries ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Equipment Design ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Leg Injuries ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Radiography ; Traction ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between malignant transformation and abnormal expression of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3 p36) in human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2).

METHODS16HBE cells were treated several times with different concentrations of CdCl2. Tumorigenic potential of transformed cells was identified by assays for anchorage-independent growth in soft agar and for tumorigenicity in nude mice after the 35th passage. Total RNA was isolated from 16HBE cells induced by CdCl2, including non-transformed, Cd-transformed, and Cd-tumorigenic cell lines. Special primers for eIF3 p36 were designed and the expression of eIF3 mRNA in different cell lines was detected with fluorescent quantitative-polymerase chain reaction technique (FQ-PCR).

RESULTSThe 35th passage of 16HBE cells transformed by CdCl2 exhibited overlapping growth. Compared with the non-transformed cells, colonies of transformed cell lines in soft agar showed statistically significant increases and dose-dependent effects (P<0.01). All Cd-induced transformed cell lines formed tumors in nude mice within 2 weeks of inoculation, but none of the mice injected with non-transformed cells showed tumors even after 3 weeks. All tumors were pathologically identified as poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The eIF3 p36 genes in different stages of 16HBE cells transformed by CdCl2 were elevated as compared with the non-transformed control (P<0.01), and the eIF3 expression increased with the degree of cell malignancy.

CONCLUSIONCdCl2 is capable of inducing morphological transformation in 16HBE cells and transformed cells are potentially tumorigenic. Over-expression of eIF3 p36 is positively correlated with malignant transformation of 16HBE cells induced by CdCl2 and may be one of the molecular mechanisms potentially responsible for carcinogenesis due to Cd.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bronchi ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cadmium Chloride ; pharmacology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; DNA Primers ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

To study the relationship of oxidative, antioxidative constituents and antioxidases in blood with chronic cholecystitis containing gallstone, levels of lipoperoxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C(VC), vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene (β-CAR) in plasma as well as level of LPO, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in erythrocytes were investigated by spectrophotometric assay in 107 patients with this condition (PCg) and 100 healthy volunteers (HVs). Compared with HVs group, the average value of LPO and NO in plasma and that of LPO in erythrocytes of PCg group were significantly increased (P<0.0001), while that of VC, VE and β-CAR in plasma and the average activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in erythrocytes were significantly decreased (P<0.0001). Linear regression and correlation analysis for 107 preoperative PCg showed that the value of LPO and NO in plasma and that of LPO in erythrocytes of PCg gradually increased (P<0.0001), representing a significant linear positive correlation. The value of VC, VE and β-CAR in plasma and that of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in erythrocytes of PCg gradually decreased (P<0.0001), representing a significant linear negative correlation. Stepwise regression and correlation analysis for 107 preoperative PCg suggested that the closest correlation was observed between the course of disease and the value of NO and VC in plasma and that of SOD, GSH-Px and LPO in erythrocytes, r=0.7306, F=32.1408, P<0.0001. Compared with the preoperative PCg group, the average value of LPO and NO in plasma and that of LPO in erythrocytes of the postoperative PCg group were significantly decreased (P<0.0001). Furthermore, the average value of VC in plasma and that of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in erythrocytes of the postoperative PCg group were significantly increased (P<0.0001), whereas no significant difference was found between their average value of VE and β-CAR in plasma. These findings suggested that oxidative stress was an aggravating pathological condition in PCg group. Therefore, we recommend that in treating PCg, antioxidants such as VC, VE, β-CAR should be given in order to alleviate their potential oxidative damages.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of narrow-band imaging with magnification in differentiating colorectal lesions, and assess for a learning curve, to gave help for the clinician, who want to carry out the technique. Method We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 289 patients who underwent NBI combined with magnification by four endoscopic physician, from June, 2015 to June, 2016, all the lesions were biopsied, endoscopic treatment or postoperative pathology and pathological examination, and the Sano classification control. All lesions were divided into three groups according to the NBI combined with magnifying endoscopy, these three sets included both lesions requiring endoscopic treatment (e.g. target lesions) and lesions that were not, or could not be, treated by endoscopy (e.g. nontarget lesions). Each physician examined the target or non-target lesion reached 15 cases as a group. By assessing the diagnostic accuracy of the four physicians for each group of lesions, an associated learning curve of NBI combined with magnifying endoscopy was developed. Result In 289 patients, 372 lesions were found by colonoscopy. NBI combined with magnifying endoscopy was 95.1%, 98.0% and 92.0%, respectively, in the identification of tumor and non-neoplastic lesions. The accuracy of the diagnosis of target and non-target lesions was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 [81.7% vs 95.1% (P = 0.010) and 71.7% vs 93.4% (P = 0.000)]. There was no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy between group 2 and group 3 (P = 0.984 and P = 0.117). Conclusion It is very useful to use narrow-band imaging and Sano CP analysis in the differential diagnosis of colorectal lesions. The endoscopists who had never used NBI or no knowledge of NBI can have effective and stable diagnostic accuracy after using NBI with magnification to diagnose 15 target and non-target lesions respectively.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of sirolimus in management of chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN).

METHODSA retrospective study was conducted involving 31 CAN patients followed up since March 2002, who experienced a change from a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based regimen to a SRL-based regimen. Serum creatinine (Cr) in these patients was compared before and after the regimen change, and the adverse events associated with SRL were analyzed.

RESULTSTill March 2007 when the study closed, 15 patients reached the primary endpoint for resuming dialysis, 8 had improved and 8 had stable renal function. In patients with high Cr(0)(> or =3 mg/L, n=12), 9 resumed dialysis and 2 had improved renal function, but one of the patients with renal improvement eventually died due to infection; in the patients with low Cr(0)(<3 mg/L, n=19), 5 resumed dialysis, 8 had stable renal function and 6 had improved renal function, showing significant difference between the 2 groups (P=0.003). Altogether 14 patients reached the secondary endpoint for ceasing SRL for severe infection (5 patients, of whom 4 resumed dialysis and 1 died of infection) or adverse events associated with SRL (9 patients, of whom 4 resumed dialysis, 2 had stable and 3 had improved renal function). Hyperlipidemia (51.6%), leukocytopenia (41.9%), mouth ulcer (29.0%) and liver function lesion (16.1%) were the commonest adverse events in these patients, and totalling 13 severe adverse events were recorded, including 2 fatal cerebral hemorrhage, 3 fatal infection episodes, and 8 pulmonary and urinary infections that require hospitalization.

CONCLUSIONConversion from a CNI-based to SRL-based regimen can be effective for some CAN cases, especially for those with Cr(0) below 3 mg/L. Attention must be given to adverse events like hyperlipidemia and leukocytopenia, as well as the related cerebral vascular accidents and infections.

Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Function Tests ; Kidney Transplantation ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sirolimus ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Rheum tanguticum from the same area was divided into 8 types of variation according to the plant morphology, content differences of free anthraquinones, combined anthraquinones, double anthrone were studied. The results showed that the functional components of different variation types were significantly different. The average content of free anthraquinone combined anthraquinone was 2.10-6.71 and 15.43-22.04 mg•g⁻¹, respectively. The average content of sennoside A plus sennoside B was 32.88-42.36 mg•g⁻¹. There were significant differences among the difference of 10 kinds of active components, except for sennoside B and physcion glycoside. Interred with the content and proportion of functional components, type B and type E might be potential special medicinal germplasm for diarrhea attack product, type G and type H might be a potential special medicinal germplasm for clearing heat and detoxifing, type C and type F might be potential special medicinal germplasm for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, type A and type D might be potential special medicinal germplasm with anastaltic funtion. The conclusion laid the foundation for the directional cultivation of fine varieties of special purpose of rhubarb.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of the residual back pain in patient with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs) in the early and late stages after percutaneous vertebral augmentation(PVA), and analyze the correlation between these factors and the residual back pain after PVA. METHODS: From March 2018 to December 2019, 312 patients with OVCFs who treated with PVA were collected. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 240 patients were included in this retrospective study. There were 59 males and 181 females, aged from 50 to 95 years old with an average of (76.11±10.72) years old, and 50 cases of fractures located in the thoracic region (T₅-T₁₀), 159 cases in the thoracolumbar region (T₁₁-L₂), and 31 cases in the lumbar region (L₃ and below). The first day after PVA was regarded as the early postoperative period, and the seventh day was regarded as the late postoperative period. According to the visual analogue scale (VAS), the patients were divided into 4 groups:early postoperative pain relief group(group A, VAS≤4 scores), there were 121 patients, including 29 males and 92 females, aged from 50 to 90 years with an average of (75.71±11.00) years;early postoperative pain relief was not an obvious group (group B, VAS >4 scores), there were 119 patients, including 30 males and 89 females, aged from 53 to 95 years with an average of (76.51±10.46) years; late postoperative pain relief group (group C, VAS≤ 4 scores), there were 172 patients, including 42 males and 130 females, aged from 50 to 95 years with an average of (76.20±10.68) years; late postoperative pain relief was not obvious group (group D, VAS>4 scores), there were 68 patients, including 17 males and 51 females, aged from 53 to 94 years old with an average of (75.88±10.91) years old. The age, gender, bone mineral density(BMD), injured vertebral segment, preoperative thoracolumbar fascial condition, surgical methods, single or bilateral puncture, the amount of bone cement injection, anterior vertebral height recovery rate and central vertebral height recovery rate in the 4 groups were analyzed by univariate analysis. The statistically significant factors were put into a Logistic regression to analyze the correlation between these factors and residual back pain after PVA. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that the residual back pain in the early stage after PVA was correlated with BMD, preoperative thoracolumbar fascial injury, single or bilateral puncture, the amount of bone cement injection, anterior vertebral height recovery rate and central vertebral height recovery rate(P<0.05). The residual back pain in the late postoperative period was related to BMD, injured vertebral segment, surgical methods, the amount of bone cement injection, anterior vertebral height recovery rate and central vertebral height recovery rate(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thoracolumbar fascial injury(OR=4.938, P=0.001), single or bilateral puncture(OR=5.073, P=0.002) were positively correlated with the residual back pain in the early stage after PVA(B>0), which were risk factors;the BMD (OR=0.211, P=0.000) and anterior vertebral height recovery rate (OR=0.866, P=0.001) were negatively correlated with the residual back pain in the early stage after PVA(B<0), which were protective factors. In the late stage after PVA, the BMD(OR=0.448, P=0.003), the amount of bone cement injection (OR=0.648, P=0.004) and anterior vertebral height recovery rate (OR=0.820, P=0.000) were negatively correlated with residual back pain(B<0), which were protective factors. CONCLUSION The decrease of BMD, injury of the thoracolumbar fascia, single or bilateral puncture, poor recovery of anterior vertebral height and insufficient injection of bone cement are closely related to the occurrence of residual back pain after PVA, which affect the relief of residual back pain in the early and late postoperative periods.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Back Pain ; Bone Cements ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Fractures, Compression/etiology* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures/surgery* ; Pain, Postoperative/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Vertebroplasty/methods*