Objective: To study the anti-influenza A virus effect of theaflavin derivatives which contain theaflavin (TF1), theaflavin-3-gallate (TF2A), theaflavin-3'-gallate (TF2B), and theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate (TF3) and to investigate the mechanism. Methods: The inhibition of theaflavin derivatives on A/Thailand/Kan353/2004 H5N1 pseudovirus was investigated using pseudotype H5N1 virus system. Hemagglutination inhibition assay and neuraminidase (NA) inhibition assay were used to investigate the mechanism for their anti-influenza activities. The inhibition of theaflavin derivatives on influenza A virus FM_1 was observed by H1N1 FM_1 system. Cytotoxicity of theaflavin derivatives on MDCK cells was determined by MTT assay. Results: Theaflavin derivatives could significantly inhibit the infection of pseudovirus H5N1 with IC50 of (151.88 ± 18.95) μg/mL. It had no inhibition on HA1 subunit. Theaflavin derivatives had the inhibition on NA with IC50 of (129.09 ± 1.33) μg/mL. Theaflavin derivatives showed a significant inhibitory activity on FM_1 influenza virus strain in MDCK cells. Theaflavin derivatives showed the low cytotoxicity on MDCK cells with CC50 of (879.89 ± 4.54) μg/mL. Conclusion: Theaflavin derivatives could inhibit the infection of avian influenza virus through the combination with hemagglutinin (HA) HA2 subunit and inhibit the activity of viral NA to some extent, which indicates that the anti-H5N1 avian influenza virus of theaflavin derivatives may be through multi-targets.

The expressions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor (c-Met) protein were examined by immunohistochemistry in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.The results showed that the positive rates of HGF and c-Met protein expressions in thyroid carcinomas were significantly higher than those of thyroid adenomas,and especially the expressions of HGF and c-Met proteins in follicular thyroid carcinomas were significantly higher than those in follicular thyroid adenomas.There existed significantly positive correlation between the expression degrees of HGF and c-Met in follicular thyroid carcinoma.Thus,the expressions of HGF and c-Met may be valuable in predicting prognosis of thyroid carcinomas and differentiating benign from malignant thyroid neoplasms.

Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea, Infantile ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Moxibustion

0. 05). Conclusion On the CTA exams with 64-slice spiral CT, good CTA image quality can be acquired with reduced contrast dose and saline flush, thereby we can afford reliable diagnostic information for the clinicians.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Cytodiagnosis ; methods ; Cytological Techniques ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Sputum

An analysis of the time pattern of outpatients visits to our hospital from 1997 to 2000 led to the discovery of the variation pattern of each outpatient departments workload. This discovery has enabled the managers of the hospital to rationally deploy the manpower and material resources of various departments, make full use of limited resources, readjust the working hours and shifts of different kinds of staff, and work out a flexible system of working hours which is more scientific and more convenient to patients. Implementation of such a system has ensured that prompt delivery of medical service is accessible to patients even at the peak of visiting hours. Hence the reduction of patients time of waiting and the provision of a scientific guarantee for establishing a quality, efficient, low consumption and fast outpatient service system, meeting the medical needs of patients to the maximum and enhancing work efficiency.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for simultaneous quantitative determination of 14 bile acids in human plasma by liquid chromatograohy-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and to explore the correlation between the hepatotoxicity induced by cyclosporine A and bile acids. METHODS: Plasma samples were extracted by protein precipitation and bile acids were separated on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3(2.1 mm×150 mm,1.8 μm) column with a flow rate of 0.3 mL•min-1. The mobile phase was water (containing 4 mmol•L-1 ammonium acetate) and 95% acetonitrile using gradient elution in 15 min. The detection system used an electrospray ion source in negative ion mode. RESULTS: Fourteen bile acids had a good linear relationship, the intra-and inter-assay RSD values were less than 15%, the accuracy was between 87% and 116%, and the extraction recovery rates of the quality was between 101% and 120%. The concentration of cholic acid (CA) was well correlated with cyclosporine A and suggested that bile acids may be associated with the hepatotoxicity induced by cyclosporine A. CONCLUSION: This LC-MS/MS method for quantitatively determining various bile acids in human plasma is convenient, accurate and sensitive and can be used for further basic research in hepatotoxicity caused by cyclosporine A.

To improve 3-ketosteroid-△1-dehydrogenase(KSDH) activity and the transformation level for androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, 3-ketosteroid-△1-dehydrogenase gene(ksdD) from Arthrobacter simplex was cloned into plasmid pWB980 and expressed in B. subtilis WB600 under the control of promoter P43. The molecular weight of expressed enzyme was about 55kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis. The activitities assayed by spectrophotometrical method of intracellular and extracellular soluble enzyme were 110?0.5mU and 15?0.6mU per milligram of protein respectively. The transformation rate of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione by the B. subtilis recombinant cells was 45.3%. Compared with Arthrobacter simplex, the enzyme activity of KSDH expressed in B. subtilis was improved about 30 fold, and the transformation level of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione by the B. subtilis recombinant cells was improved about 10 fold. The recombinant B. subtilis cells used in biotransformation of steroids provided a new way for steroid medicines production.

0.05)in the frequency of alleles and genotypes between controls and coronary heart disease.In additional,at the 325 position,the TAFI antigen of the Thr325Thr was higher[(114.89?2.53)%]than that of the other genotype(Thr325Ile and Ile325Ile),there was significant difference between the TAFI antigen of the Thr325Thr and the others(P 0.05).But the TAFI activity of the Ile325Ile was lower(3.08?3.63 ?g/ml)than that of the other genotypes(Thr325Ile and Thr325Thr),there was significantly difference between the TAFI activity of the Thr325Thr and the other(P

To obtain a number of extracellular penicillinase,the gene(penp)encoding penicillinse of Bacillus cereus ATCC10987 was cloned into expression vector in Bacillus subtilis,transformed into Bacillus subtilis DB104 deficient in two proteases.When recombinant bacteria was cultured in LB medium for 24 hours,the result of SDS-PAGE showed that the molecular weight of the protein was 28kDa and the penicillinase activity reached 339U/ml.By screening seven different fermentation media,the result showed that 4# medium is favorable to producing penicillinase by the recombinant cells than the others,with the yield of the enzyme being 1580U/ml.When the recombinant cells was cultured in 7 liter fermentor for 24h,the penicillinase activity reached 1255.8U/ml.