Osteoclasts are derived from pluripotent stem cells in bone marrow and spleen.They play a critical role in inflammation-induced bone loss and joint destruction because in the absence of them,bone de- struction does not occur even when inflammation exists.Synovioblasts in an inflamed joint can secrete numerous inflammatory factors,including tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?)and interleukin-1(IL-1)which not only induce inflammatory reactions but also elevate osteoclast formation and function indirectly or directly through promoting RANKL expression.In this wdy the inflammatory reactions are associated with bone loss and destruction. In this article,we focus on the recent progress in study of TNF-?,IL-1 and osteoclast-target therapies in management of osteoclast-mediated inflammatory bone loss.TNF-?promotes differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells in the peripheral blood and spleen,which causes a marked increase in mature osteoclasts in a diseased joint.However, IL-I supports osteoblast survival and regulates the recombination of osteoclast cytoskeleton,which further stimulates bone resorption.Since osteoclast-target therapies may inhibit osteoclast formation and function,they are becoming more and more important for inflammation-induced bone loss and joint destruction.

Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history, unique system and perfect technology, which has been used to prevent or treat a variety of diseases in the form of compound medicine. Recently, some of the active ingredients from Chinese medicine were found to have self-assembly properties, mainly through non-covalent interactions, including π-π stacking, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bond and coordination interactions, etc. Carrier-free nanoparticles based on self-assembly of active ingredients from Chinese medicine could not only improve the solubility of insoluble active ingredients, but also the bioavailability. As nanocarriers, the natural active ingredients could exert synergistic therapeutic effects. The strategy of self-assembly without carrier is safer and almost non-toxic compared to the commonly used nanocarriers. In addition, some ingredients from Chinese medicine could coordinate with metal ions to form stable nanoparticles, which could be applied to photothermal therapy. In this paper, we summarized and analyzed the recent achievements of carrier-free nanoparticles based on self-assembly of active ingredients from Chinese medicine, and briefly outlined the future development of this kind of nanomedicine.

Objective To explore MRI manifestations of incomplete healing of the uterine incision after abdominal delivery.Methods Nine patients with clinical suspected incomplete healing of the uterine incision after abdominal delivery underwent cavitas pelvis MRI scans with 3.0T MRI.Results According to the characteristics of the MRI images,healing conditions of the uterine incisions were divides into 2 groups.GroupⅠwas showed that the uterine incision healed well,the uterine junctional zone and myometrium were continuous,and the incision scar was linear low signal intensity on T2 WI (2 cases,22%).GroupⅡwas showed that the uterine incisions healed incompletely,the uterine junctional zone and myometrium were discontinuous,and the myometrium edema was in some cases with high signal intensity on T2 WI (7 cases,78%).Conclusion MRI could directly displays incomplete healing of the uterine incision after cesarean section,provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

The promoter and signal peptide sequence of sacB gene (sacR gene) has been amplified by PCR.An inducible expression and secretion vector pHP13SN has been constructed with this amplified sequence,which was ligated with the pro-peptide and mature peptide of neutral protease gene on the vector pHP13.Transforming Bacillus subtilis DB104 with the vector pHP13SN, and the recombinant strain DB104(pHP13SN) can be got.The neutral protease gene has been expressed by the inducement of sucrose and the regulation of sacR,and the production has been secreted with bioactivity.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of sevoflurane on the induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in children, and to evaluate its safety and effectiveness. METHODS: Forty child patients who conformed to the selection standard were operated under anaesthesia with intubation.Without premedicant, all the patients inhaled 100% oxygen(1L/min) and sevoflurane by mask, and escalated the concentration of sevoflurane (to the maximum concentration 7%) until the lash reflex disappeared, and the maintenance concentration was controlled under 4%. All the patients were intubated, together with vecuronium 0.1mg/kg. RESULTS: With little tract excretion, the achievement ratio of induction by sevoflurane was 100%, and the children tolerated well. With stable hemodynajmics,1% approximately 4.0% maintenance concentration of sevoflurane during the operation showed effective anaesthesia, no decreased heart rate or blood pressure appeared, and all the patients' body temperature was normal. CONCLUSION Sevoflurane for children induction can bring fewer stimuli in the respiratory tract,less cardiac vascular inhibition and palinesthesia time. Anaesthesia in children induced by sevoflurane is safe and effective.
Anesthesia ; methods ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; administration & dosage ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methyl Ethers ; administration & dosage ; Sevoflurane ; Treatment Outcome

0.05).In group Ⅱand Ⅲ,the carotid artery IMT was thicker and the amount of plagues were larger than those in group Ⅰ(P

Humans ; Interleukin-17 ; Liver Diseases ; immunology ; Th17 Cells ; immunology

Objective To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(US-FNA)biopsy in diagnosing solid and complex thyroid nodules with different size. Methods One hundred and seventy-five thyroid FNA biopsies were prospectively performed on 168 patients ranging from 4 to 75 years of age. Sixty-three nodules were surgically excised and the others were clinically followed-up. The cytology diagnoses were categorized into four groups: benign, malignant, suspicious and unsatisfactory. Results There was no significant complication in the all 115 solid and 60 complex thyroid lesions and there were 36and 3 malignant nodules respectively in solid and complex thyroid nodules. The nondiagnostic rates of solid and complex nodules were 7％ and 8％. The accuracy of US-FNA in diagnosing complex thyroid nodules was comparatively equal to that of in solid thyroid nodules. In solid thyroid nodules, the sensitivity and accuracy in ≤1 cm group were similar to that of in ＞1 cm group. Conclusions US-FNA was an accurate and reliable method to diagnose thyroid solid and complex lesions.

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors regarding quality of life among patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods Through stratified cluster sampling method,two hundred patients with AD and their caregivers were chosen and interviewed.AD patients were assessed by questionnaires,Montreal Cognitive Assessment,and Quality of LifeAlzheimer' s Disease (QOL-AD),in order to compare the reports from patients and caregivers on QOL-AD and to analyze related influencing factors.Descriptive analysis,paired t-test,analysis of variance (ANOVA),Pearson' s correlation and multiple linear regression were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).Results The scores of reports from patients (28.78 ±4.30) were lower than that from the caregivers' (30.05 ± 6.05).The difference was statistically significant (t=2.122,P＜0.05) and was positively correlated (r=0.312,P＜0.001).Data from multivariate analysis showed that cognitive level (t=3.465,P=0.001),marriage relationship (t=3.062,P=0.003 ),having public activities (t =2.581,P=0.011 ),personal characters (t =2.254,P =0.026),restricted diet pattern (t=3.614,P＜0.001),regularly drinking tea (t=2.652,P=0.009) and doing housework (t=3.180,P=0.002) were predictive factors.Conclusion Scores from the caregiver' s report on QOL-AD were higher than that from the patients'.Many factors influenced the quality of life on AD patients.Strategies on improving the quality of life among AD patients can be developed based on the findings of this study.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of plasma homocysteic acid (HCA) reduction on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level in children with Kawasaki disease (KD).

METHODSSeventy-six children with KD were divided into 2 equal groups for treatment with aspirin and IVIG, or with vitamin B6 and folic acid besides in addition to aspirin and IVIG. Serum CRP level was tested before and after the treatments, and plasma HCA level was also measured after the treatments.

RESULTSSerum CRP level was comparable between the two groups before the treatment, but significantly reduced after vitamin B6 and folic acid treatment (7.56-/+2.94 mg/L vs 12.23-/+4.16 mg/L, P<0.05). Additional vitamin B6 and folic acid treatment significantly lowered plasma HCA level (4.56-/+1.14 micromol/L vs 7.79-/+1.79 micromol/L, P<0.05), and correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between plasma HCA and serum CRP levels (r=0.697, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONLowering plasma HCA can decrease serum CRP in children with KD to enhance the therapeutic effect.

Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Folic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Homocysteine ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; therapeutic use ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; blood ; drug therapy ; Vitamin B 6 ; therapeutic use