OBJECTIVE:To prepare betamethasone gel and establish its quality control method. METHODS: Orthogonal experiment was carried out to optimize the formula of the base material and design the formula technology of betamethasone gel. The content of betamethasone in the gel was determined by UV-spectrophotometry with its stability investigated through centrifugalization,thermostabilization,cold-resistance and long-term tests. RESULTS: The preparation was off-white semitransparent gel,with its property identification in line with the standard specified in Chinese Pharmacopeia (2005 edition). The linear range of betamethasone was 6～36 ?g?ml-1 (r=0.999 9) and its average recovery rate was 98.88% (RSD=0.57%). The stability tests revealed no stratification of the gel. CONCLUSION: The preparation process is simple and the preparation is stable and controllable in quality.

Objective To study the correlation between abdominal near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring and the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants.Method From September 2015 to June 2016,preterm infants admitted to the NICU of our hospital were enrolled in this study.Nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to monitor the tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) of lower right abdomen of the patients.These preterm infants were assigned into NEC group and non-NEC group depending on whether NEC was developed during hospitalization.The abdominal StO2 within the first week after birth were compared between the two groups.Result A total of 77 infants were enrolled in this study,18 preterm infants in the NEC group and 59 in the non-NEC group.The gestational age and birth weight of the patients in the NEC group were lower than the non-NEC group.The NEC gioup had significantly higher incidences of mechanical ventilation,vasoactive agent usage and comorbidity of infection than the non-NEC group (P ＜0.05).No significant differences in the proportion of gender,application of umbilical venous catheters and the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The abdominal StO2 of the NEC group was significantly lower than the non-NEC group (69.0％ ± 5.8％ vs 82.8％ ± 6.7％,P ＜0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower abdominal StO2 is an independent risk factor for NEC (OR =0.676,95％ CI 0.548 ～ 0.834,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Abdominal NIRS monitoring may be helpful for the early diagnosis of NEC.

Embolism, Paradoxical ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology

Animals ; Hindlimb ; blood supply ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; P-Selectin ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism

Objective: To screen the optimal formula and preparation process of vitamin B1 ( VB1 ) sustained-release tablets. Methods:The single-factor tests were used to investigate the type of filler, type and amount of matrix material hydroxypropyl methycel-lulose(HPMC), type and amount of retarder, tablet weight and core hardness. The orthogonal tests were used to investigate the amount of HPMC and ethyl cellulose( EC) and the core hardness. Results:The optimum formula was as follows:HPMC accounted for 50% of the tablet weight, EC accounted for 20%, the filler was lactose, the tablet weight was 200 mg and the tablet core hardness was 50 N. Conclusion:The prepared sustained-release tablets have significant controlled-release property, which provides reference for the devel-opment of new dosage form for VB1 .

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; blood ; enzymology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To study the expression of apolipoprotein H (ApoH) in childhood primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) and to discuss its role in PNS. Methods Immunohistochemistry staining and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) were performed to evaluate the expression of ApoH in renal tissues of 78 patients with PNS and 14 cases of normal controls. Serum albumin, serum lipid, proteinuria and urinary retinol binding protein (RBP) were tested before renal biopsy in all patients. Tubulointerstitial lesions were investigated. Results (l)There was positive expression of ApoH in renal tissues of PNS patients and normal controls,mainly in the proximal tubules by immunohistochemistry staining. ApoH mRNA was also shown in all renal tissues by RT-PCR. ApoH protein expression was positively correlaed with its mRNA expression(r=0.264, P 0.05) whereas these data displayed no significant difference between two groups. Above expression in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) and focal segmental glomersclerosis (FSGS) down-regulated significantly (3.30?0.28,2.82?0.36, and 10.13?3.09,10.12?1.02, respectively), as compared to those in MCNS,MN and the controls, P

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; pathology ; Colonoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Objective To explore the age-and sex-specific body composition of normal children in Beijing area.Metheds The subjects were a total of 587 children of 6-14 years old,who were recruited from Beijing schools.All of them had relative weight within normal range(80%～120%),and no chronic disease.The relative weight was obtained,according to standard weight,using the follo-(wing) formula: relative weight(%)=(body weight/standard weight) ?100.Body compositions were estimated with a bioelectrical impedance analyser,which had been proved to be reliable and valid for determining the percentage of body fat.Results Not only fat free mass(FFM) but also fat mass(FM) increased monotonically with age in both sexes.FFM was higher in boys than that in girls at all ages.FM was significantly higher in girls than that in boys aged 6 to 8 years old;however,there was no significant difference for FM between sexes aged 9-14 years old.Patterns of change in mean ratio of body fat(%BF),with age differed by sex.Percent age of BF was significantly higher in girls than that in boys at all ages except at 10 and 11 years old. In boys,%BF increased with age,while in girls it remained nearly constant from age 6 to 10 years old,and gradually increased from age 10 to 14 years old.Body mass index(BMI) increased steadily with age in both sexes,and boys had consistently higher BMI than girls.In boys,the increase in BMI was steeper from age 10 to 14 years old.Even in the subjects with BMI

Objective To explore the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1)in development of progressive fibrosis via the inhibition of extracellular matrix degradation,and to reveal the contributive role of PAI-1 in muscular dystrophy(MD).Methods Expression and cellular localization of PAI-1 protein were examined in frozen muscle specimens obtained via biopsy from 5 patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD),3 patients with becker muscular dystrophy(BMD),9 patients with congenital muscular dystrophy(CMD) and 4 cases with normal muscle by immunohistochemistry,double immunofluorescence and Western-blot analysis.Results PAI-1 was positive only in vascular endothelial cells of normal muscle.Both immunohistochemistry and Western-blot analysis showed that PAI-1 expression distinctly increased in most dystrophic muscles of MD than that in normal muscles.Double immunolabeling revealed that PAI-1 strongly expressed in cytoplasm and nuclei of regenerating muscle fibers,macrophages,macrophage infiltrating necrotic fibers.Some activated fibroblasts in endomysium and perimysium of DMD and CMD muscles were positive for PAI-1.Conclusions The functional consequence of overexpression of PAI-1 in dystrophic muscles is unknown but the elevated local expression of PAI-1 in diseased muscles of MD and their distinct distribution pattern provide evidence that PAI-1 participate in pathogenesis of MD.