Objective To preliminarily investigate the clinical features and efficacy of surgical treatment of moyamoya syndrome in patients w ith hyperthyroidism. Methods From December 2002 to April 2013, 41 patients w ith moyamoya syndrome based on the disease of hyperthyroidism admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, the 307th Hospital of PLA w ere analyzed retrospectively. The clinical data w ere colected, including sex, age of onset, initial symptoms, progress symptoms, imaging features, Suzuki staging, and surgical efficacy, and they w ere compared w ith the clinical data of the patients w ith moyamoya disease treated at the same time. Results The ratio of male to female w as about 1∶4 in moyamoya syndrome patients w ith hyperthyroidism. The peak age of onset w as 25 to 34 years old. Compared w ith the patients w ith moyamoya disease at the same period, the proportion of patients w ith cerebral infarction as initial symptom w as higher in the moyamoya syndrome group ( 39.0% vs.24.2%; χ2 = 4.796, P =0.029), more patients had symptomatic progression (46.3% vs.25.4%; χ2 =9.207, P =0.002), and the proportion of of patients w ith cerebral hemorrhage as initial symptom w as low er ( 2.4% vs.14.6%; χ2 = 4.829, P =0.028). Thirty-seven patients w ho received encephalo -duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS) w ere folow ed up for 43 ± 19 months. The results show ed that the clinical symptoms of 31 patients had different degrees of improvement. Conclusions Moyamoya syndrome of hyperthyroidism is more common in w omen. The risk of cerebral infarction is higher and more prone to have disease progression. The efficacy of EDAS is better for controling the progression of moyamoya syndrome in patients w ith hyperthyroidism.

OBJECTIVETo study the newborn's Apgar score in 'one minute' and relevant factors.

METHODSOne year inpatient woman from a Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Anhui province were selected by cluster sampling method and newborn asphyxia situation was investigated using Apgar score and self-designed questionnaire.

RESULTSThe Apgar score in 'one minute' which marking 8 to 10, 4 to 7 and 0 to 3 were found in 1875 (73.78%), 426 (16.77%) and 240 infants (9.45%) respectively. The average Apgar score in 'one minute' and five minutes were (7.69 +/- 2.27) and (9.01 +/- 1.89) respectively, The Apgar score in 'one minute' was significantly correlated with that of five minutes (Pearson coefficient correlation r = 0.841, P = 0.00). Ordinal regression analysis revealed that parturient age (OR = 1.04), being farmer (OR = 2.22), parity (OR = 1.26), assistant vaginal delivery (OR = 4.93), caesarean section (OR = 1.95), pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (OR = 1.42), albuminuria in gestational period (OR = 1.44), newborn being male (OR = 1.23), low birth weight (OR = 2.94), inborn abnormality (OR = 12.12), premature birth (OR = 1.22) and complications of delivery (OR = 5.04) were risk factors while the number of years under study (OR = 0.91), prenatal check-up (OR = 0.48), body length of newborn infant (OR = 0.88) and single birth (OR = 0.57) were protective factors.

CONCLUSIONApgar score in 'one minute' of newborn infant was affected by several factors as stated above. Health care program in earlier period toward community parturient should be strengthened in order to discover and control high risk factors of duration of pregnancy in earlier period.

Apgar Score ; Asphyxia Neonatorum ; epidemiology ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo observe the urokinase receptor (uPAR) expression in atherosclerotic plaques of human femoral arteries.

METHODSHuman femoral artery samples were collected from patients underwent femoral endarterectomy. Normal internal mammary artery samples were taken from bypass surgery served as control. uPAR protein distribution at shoulders, lipid pool and rupture sites of a plaque and the association with macrophages and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were detected by immunohistochemistry methods.

RESULTSThere was no uPAR expression in intima or tunica media of normal internal mammary arteries. In atherosclerotic lesions of femoral artery, the mean optical density (A) of uPAR was 92 +/- 37 in intima and 46 +/- 28 in tunica media (P < 0.05). The intimal uPAR was coexisted with macrophages and SMCs. uPAR expression was observed at plaque shoulders and lipid pool, while the maximal expression was found at rupture sites.

CONCLUSIONThe increased expression of uPAR in atherosclerotic lesion and uPAR distribution at shoulders, lipid pool, as well as rupture sites of plaques suggest a role of uPAR in plaque rupture process.

Atherosclerosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endarterectomy ; Femoral Artery ; pathology ; Humans ; Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator ; metabolism ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the chromium (Cr) levels in blood and urine among general population in China between 2009 and 2010, and thereby to analyze its prevalent features.

METHODSFrom year 2009 to 2010, a total of 11 983 subjects of general population aged between 6 and 60 year-old were recruited from 24 districts in 8 provinces in eastern, central and western China mainland, by cluster random sampling method. The information about their living environment and health status were collected by questionnaire, and 11 983 blood samples and 11 853 urine samples were also collected. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied to test the Cr level both in blood and urine; and the Cr distribution in blood and urine among groups of population in different ages, genders and districts, were then analyzed.

RESULTSAmong general population in China, the geometric mean (GM) of Cr concentration in blood was 1.19 µg/L, with median at 1.74 µg /L and 95% percentile at 5.59 µg/L. The Cr concentration in blood among males and females were separately 1.18 µg/L and 1.20 µg/L(P > 0.05); while its GM in the groups of population aged 6 - 12, 12 - 16, 16 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 45 and 45 - 60 years old were 1.00, 1.22, 1.01, 1.40, 1.27 and 1.30 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively; and the figures in populations from eastern, central and western China were 1.00, 1.70 and 1.98 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively. Among general population, the GM of Cr concentration in urine was 0.53 µg/L, with median was lower than 0.42 µg/L and 95% percentile at 3.53 µg/L. The Cr concentration in urine among males and females were separately 0.52 µg/L and 0.53 µg/L (P > 0.05);while its GM in the groups of population aged 6 - 12, 12 - 16, 16 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 45 and 45 - 60 years old were 0.56, 0.60, 0.52, 0.50, 0.52 and 0.46 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively;and the figures in populations from eastern, central and western China were 0.58, < 0.42 and 0.60 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe study reported the Cr levels in blood and urine among general population in China, and thereby provided basic data evidence for the following Cr biological monitoring studies in near future.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; Chromium ; blood ; urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Young Adult

Based on the anticancer mechanism of biological alkylating agent, we designed and synthesized two alpha pinene derivatives:(1R,5S)-(6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3,1,1]hept-2-en-2-yl)methyl benzenesulfonate and (1R,5S)-(6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3,1,1]hept-2-en-2-yl)methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate, of which structures were confirmed by ¹H-NMR, HPLC and MS date. These two compounds showed a good inhibition of tumor cells' proliferation. Further, the computer siuulation of molecular docking and metabolic kinetics indicated that these two copounds may have stable molecular complexation with protein CDK2, which closely related to the cell cycle.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current status of antibiotic use for very and extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of Hunan Province. METHODS: The use of antibiotics was investigated in multiple level 3 NICUs of Hunan Province for VLBW and ELBW infants born between January, 2017 and December, 2017. RESULTS: The clinical data of 1 442 VLBW/ELBW infants were collected from 24 NICUs in 2017. The median antibiotic use duration was 17 days (range: 0-86 days), accounting for 53.0% of the total length of hospital stay. The highest duration of antibiotic use was up to 91.4% of the total length of hospital stay, with the lowest at 14.6%. In 16 out of 24 NICUs, the antibiotic use duration was accounted for more than 50.0% of the hospitalization days. There were 113 cases with positive bacterial culture grown in blood or cerebrospinal fluid, making the positive rate of overall bacterial culture as 7.84%. The positive rate of bacterial culture in different NICUs was significantly different from 0% to 14.9%. The common isolated bacterial pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae was 29 cases (25.7%); Escherichia coli 12 cases (10.6%); Staphylococcus aureus 3 cases (2.7%). The most commonly used antibiotics were third-generation of cephalosporins, accounting for 41.00% of the total antibiotics, followed by penicillins, accounting for 32.10%, and followed by carbapenems, accounting for 13.15%. The proportion of antibiotic use time was negatively correlated with birth weight Z-score and the change in weight Z-score between birth and hospital discharge (r=-0.095, -0.151 respectively, P<0.01), positively correlated with death/withdrawal of care (r=0.196, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Antibiotics used for VLBW/ELBW infants in NICUs of Hunan Province are obviously prolonged in many NICUs. The proportion of routine use of third-generation of cephalosporins and carbapenems antibiotics is high among the NICUs.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Birth Weight ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of Yixin Ningshen Tablet (YXNS) on comorbidity of myocardial infarction (MI) and depression in rats and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 7 rats in each group according to their weights, including control, model, fluoxetine (FLXT, 10 mg/kg), low-dose YXNS (LYXNS, 100 mg/kg), and high-dose YXNS (HYXNS, 300 mg/kg) groups. All rats were pretreated with corresponding drugs for 12 weeks. The rat model of MI and depression was constructed by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery and chronic mild stress stimulation. The echocardiography, sucrose preference test, open field test, and forced swim test were performed. Myocardial infarction (MI) area and myocardial apoptosis was also detected. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT), and norepinephrine (NE) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The proteins of adenosine 5'-monophosphate -activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPK, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) in heart were detected by Western blot analysis. The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), and kynureninase (KYNU) in hippocampus were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, the cardiac function of rats treated with YXNS improved significantly (P<0.01). Meanwhile, YXNS effectively reduced MI size and cardiomyocytes apoptosis of rats (P<0.01 or P<0.05), promoted AMPK phosphorylation, and increased PGC-1α protein expression (P<0.01 or P<0.05). HYXNS significantly increased locomotor activity of rats, decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and increased the serum levels of 5-HT, NE, ACTH, and CORT (all P<0.05). Moreover, HYXNS decreased the mRNA expressions of IDO1, KMO and KYNU (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS YXNS can relieve MI by enhancing myocardial energy metabolism. Meanwhile, YXNS can alleviate depression by resisting inflammation and increasing availability of monoamine neurotransmitters. It may be used as a potential drug to treat comorbidity of MI and depression.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Animals ; Comorbidity ; Depression/drug therapy* ; Energy Metabolism ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Myocardial Infarction/pathology* ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin/metabolism* ; Tablets ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of human bocavirus and to identify its epidemiological characteristics as well as genotype distribution in patients with infantile viral diarrhea in Suzhou, Jiangsu province.

METHODS832 fecal specimens from patients with infantile virus diarrhea cases were collected from Suzhou Children's Hospital in 2010-2011. Human bocavirus were detected by Real-Time RT-PCR, and genotype were determined by sequence analysis.

RESULTSAmong all the fecal specimens, 51 (6.1%) cases were positive for human bocavirus. The peak season of rotavirus infection was between July and September. Of all the episodes on rotavirus diarrhea, 96% occurred before 2 years of age, with peaks in children with 7-12 months of age. Data from Nucleotide Sequence analysis showed that among 28 samples that carrying HBoV-1, 5 strains belonged to HBoV-2, HBoV type 3 but type 4 were absent.

CONCLUSIONHuman bocavirus were detected from fecal specimens of infantile virus diarrhea in Suzhou, with genotype HBoV-1 as the major strain. HBoV-2 genotype was also found.

China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea, Infantile ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Genotype ; Human bocavirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA