Placebo-controlled clinical study is the ethical issue being debated all over the time.The ethics committee plays an important role in the assurance of the scientificalness of clinical research without violation of ethics.This article introduces the main points considered in the placebo-controlled clinical study in Medical Ethics Committee of Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine.These points are as follows,the benefit of the subject greater than the risk,considerations on the benefit / risk of the subjects,the disposal of compensation measures and adverse events in research program and fully informed consent as well as the model of final resolution.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the attachment type,the level of alexitymia and the defense style of depression patients and their relativity.Methods 32 depression patients were assessed with the adult attachment scale (AAS-1996 Revised Edition),toronto alexithymia scale (TAS) and defense style questionnaire( DSQ),and 80 healthy people were involved as controls.Results The depression patients showed significantly different attachment type from the control group( x2 =47.6,P ＜ 0.01 ).Compare with the control group,the depression patients showed higher scores in immature defense style( (5.47 ± 1.13 ) vs (3.79 ± 1.09 ) ) and neurotic defense style( (4.93 ±0.56) vs (4.20 ± 1.00),(P＜0.01) ).Compared with controls,the depression patients showed higher scores in TAS total score( (76.88 ± 8.94) vs (65.70 ± 7.98 ) ) factor Ⅰ ( ( 3.34 ± 0.77 ) vs ( 2.41 ±0.78)) and factor Ⅱ ((3.64 ±0.51) vs (2.65 ±0.55),P＜0.01),and lower scores in factor Ⅲ((2.51 ±0.78) vs (3.14 ± 1.03 ),P ＜ 0.01 ).The depression patients' adult attachment was significantly correlative with their scores of alexithymia.The depression patients' adult attachment was also significantly correlative with their scores of defense style.ConclusionThe attachment of depression patients may lead to depression via their defense style.Depression leads to alexitymia.Depression patients with different features of attachment show different level of alexitymia.

Objective: To analyze the atrial fibrillation(AF) and the burden of illness(BOI) led by AF, to scientifically recognize the current situation of management and treatment for AF, to provide scientific references for designing the AF prevention and control strategy for Chinese people and effectively improve the reasonable allocation of medical resources. Methods: The disability adjusted life years(DALY)was used to evaluate the BOI of AF. The method of population attributable risk percent-age was applied to estimate the treatment cost of AF cerebral apoplexy. Results: In China, the loss of DALY brought by AF was 4 599 687 yuan, which is higher than the loss of DALY brought by hypertensive heart disease(3 348 925 yuan)and close to the loss of DALY brought by diabetes(4 769 127 yuan). The DALY of group over 30 is 7.15/1000 person. Cerebral apoplexy is the main reason for the BOI of this disease. It is estimated that the annual treatment cost of AF cerebral apoplexy is 4.9 billion yuan(about 800 million dollars), 89%of treatment cost come from patients over 60 years old with AF and cerebral apoplexy. Conclusion: AF brought heavy BOI to Chinese society. Cerebral apoplexy is the main reason for the burden of this disease. The loss of DALY led by AF cerebral apoplexy is more than the BOI of many chronic disease in India and European countries. The diagnosis and treatment cautious of AF need to be strengthened. The correct treatment results in restoring sinus thymes, so as to decrease complication like cerebral apoplexy. That would be the target of AF treatment in future China.

Objective To study material basis of Zhou's prescription, components of effective parts Ⅰ in Zhou's prescription was gualitative and quantitative analyzed. Methods The components of effective part Ⅰ was identified by test-tube reaction and qualitative TLC method, the content of saponins and flavones was quantitative analyzed. Results Total content of the saponins and flavone are 1.07% and 0.85% in Zhou's Prescription. The purity of saponins and flavones in effective parts Ⅰ are 37.4% and 29.7%. Conclusion The main components of effective part Ⅰ in Zhou's Prescription were flavones and saponins.

AIM: To express the DT389-hbFGF (389 amino acid residues of the N-terminus of diphtheria toxin (human basic fibroblast growth factor) fusion protein for potential targeting therapy towards posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery.METHODS: The DNA of inactivated diphtheria bacillus and RNA of 12-week fetal brain cortex were extracted, respectively. The fragments of truncated diphtheria toxin (containing 389 amino acids of N-terminus, DT389) )and full-length human basic fibroblast growth factor(hbFGF) sequence (encoding 18kDa protein) were amplified by PCR. The two fragments were inserted into pGEX-4T-1 prokaryotic expression vector to obtain pGEX-DT389-hbFGF prokaryotic expression plasmid. After sequence analysis, the expressing plasmid was transformed into Escherichia Coli BL21 strain and expression was induced under IPTG. The expressed fusion protein was purified and identified.RESULTS: The gene fragments encoding DT389 and hbFGF were amplified and their gene sequences were confirmed. Hybrid gene expression plasmid pGEX-DT389 (hbFGF was constructed. The fusion protein DT389-hbFGF was expressed and purified.CONCLUSIONS: The successful cloning and expression of DT389-hbFGF immunotoxin provides a foundation for targeting therapy towards posterior capsule opacification.

AIM: To explore the feasibility of combining small pieces of allo-conjunctiva transplantation (ACT) with amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) to reconstruct ocular surface.METHODS: Bilateral superior bulbar conjunctiva of New Zealand white rabbits were burned by NaOH (1mol/L).After 24h, the right eye (experimental groups Exps) was performed AMT and ACT;the left eye (control groups Cons)was done merely ACT. The viability and function of allografts were identified by PAS staining and scanning electron microscope (SEM) of cytology impression (CI) every week after the operation.RESULTS: In Exps, no obvious rejection was observed.All grafts survived, extended and covered the conjunctival defect. The appearance of grafts, and the shape, number,and function of goblet cells recovered perfectly four weeks after the operation;however, in Cons, obvious rejection was found. Seven grafts were rejected and. symblepharon was observed in those eyes. The appearance of survival allografts were similar to the normal conjunctiva, with similar shape, number and function of goblet cells till the fifth week after the operation. The survival ratet was significantly higher in Exps than in Cons (P ＜0.05).CONCLUSION: ACT based on AMT can be considered a good way to reconstruct ocular surface for large area conjunctiva alkali burns in early-stage.

Corneal neovascularization is a significant and sight-threatening complication of many ocular surface disorders, and may cause corneal sear and rejection reaction after corneal grafting. Recent studies have revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in corneal neovascularization, and inhibition of VEGF has become a main strategy for treatment of corneal neovascularization. This article reviews the research progress in inhibition of corneal neovascularization by anti-VEGF therapy.

Insect viruses are attractive as biological control agents and could be a feasible alternative to chemical insecticides in the management of insect infestations. This review describes recent advances in the development of wild-type and genetically modified viruses as insecticides. A new strategy of application of insect viruses in China is reviewed. Also, the assessment of biosafety of genetically modified Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedovirus (HearNPV) is emphasized as a case-study.

Objective To study content and ascription of the composition of the polysaccharides from Zhou’s Prescription for Resolving Mass. Method The polysaccharide was extracted by ethanol precipitation, and purified by savage method. DEAE-cellulose anion exchange resin was used to prepare the composition of polysaccharides. UV-spectra was used to detect protein and IR-spectra was used to analyses the ascription of the composition of polysaccharides. The content of the composition of polysaccharides was determined by anthranone-sulfuric acid method. Result There was no absorption at 240 nm and 260 nm. The IR spectrum graph of the polysaccharides was similar to Polygonatum odoratum, Radix Ranunculi Ternati and Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. The content of the composition of polysaccharides was 1.41%. Conclusion The composition of polysaccharides does not contain proteins and nucleic acids, and come from Polygonatum odoratum, Radix Ranunculi Ternati and grimonia pilosa Ledeb.

The identification and classification of Thermus to Thermales is revie wed. Up to now, the order Thermales is consist of only one family Thermaceae, w h ich includes 4 genera with 14 valid species about 50 strains, and with 4 unvalid spcecies and more than 50 strains unidentified. The morphology, physiology, G+ C mol%, DND hybridization, fatty acid components, 16S rRNA alignment and secondar y structure analyses have been tools for the taxonomy of Thermales.