Multi-target drugs can simultaneously adjust multiple links of the disease network. Despite the higher efficacy and lower toxicity caused by single targets, multi-target drugs become ideal drugs for treating complicated diseases as well the main direction of drug R & D. By virtue of their structural diversity, higher multi-target activity and lower toxicity, natural products become an important source for developing multi-target drugs. Computer-aided drug design (CADD) is a commonly used multi-target drug R&D method, which mainly includes virtual screening and pharmacophore design. In this paper, the authors made a systematical analysis and discussed the prospects and advantages of various methods for multi-target drug R&D with natural products.
Biological Products ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Biomedical Research ; instrumentation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Drug Design ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy

Objective To investigate the application and nursing care of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)by fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods 64 patients with mechanical ventilation in RICU were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 32 patients in each group. The patients in both groups were accepted anti-infection, atomization inhalation and other supportive treatments. The patients in the observation group were treated with BAL, and the patients in the control group accepted routine treatment. The therapeutic effects in the two groups were evaluated and compared. Results There was significant difference in the recovery rate and effective rate, the blood gas analysis compared with the control group was significantly improved, the time of pulmonary infection control window, mechanical ventilation, length of stay were shorter than the control group. The case number to remove ventilator successfully, organs failure and hospital mortality were less than the control group. Conclusions Fiberoptic bronchoscopy with BAL treatment could be safety and efficacy for patients with mechanical ventilation. Nursing intervention plays an important role and a good therapeutic effect for improving achievement ratio of BAL.

OBJECTIVE:To study the volatile constituents of the compound extract from Folium Perillae,Pericarpium Citri and Herb Schizonepetae in Siji Ganmao tablet by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction (SFE-CO2). METHODS:Supercritical CO2 ex-traction technology was used to extract the volatile constituents of 3 medical material in Siji Ganmao tablet. The chemical constitu-ents of the compound extract from 3 medicinal materials were analyzed by GC-MS. RESULTS:The extracting rate of SFE-CO2 was 2.21%,21 compounds in the compound extract were separated and 16 compounds were identified with the major components of si-nensetin(36.56%)and linolic acid(19.52%). The extracting rate of water steam distillation(SD)was 1.035%,51 compounds in the compound extract were separated and 32 compounds were identified with the major components of D-limonene(62.40%) and thujone(15.49%). CONCLUSIONS:The volatile constituents of F. perillae,P. cCitri and H. Schizonepetae can be compound ex-tracted by SFE-CO2,however,it is different from the constituents of the compound volatile oil by SD.

To study the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) between the stuctures of 29 flavonoids and the inhibitory activity of their multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 1 and 2 by using the comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA). By studying the impact of the combination of different molecular force fields, researchers obtained the molecular force fields that played an important role in inhibiting the activity of MRP1 and MRP2, built the optimized QSAR model, and discussed the structural modification method for flavonoids' multidrug resistance-associated protein inhibitor. The results of the study could not only provide the guidance for new drug R&D, but also help partially discuss the synergy mechanism between MRP1 and MRP2 receptors and traditional Chinese medicines containing flavonoids.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; chemistry ; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship

Objective To learn the current anesthesiologists deployment at the hospital,and to figure out how to measure anesthesiologists deployment.Methods Existing data and expert consultation were used to obtain various indicators,and the current anesthesiologists deployment was analyzed,calculating with the formula the needed number of anesthesiologists.Results Despite the rising demand and resource utilization,anesthesiologists were found in obvious shortage at the hospital.The number of anesthesiologists needed was calculated as 101.4,with a vacancy of 11.4.Conclusion The national health authorities were recommended to revise the standard of anesthesiologists deployment at hospitals.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; blood supply ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Female ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; physiopathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis

Objective Acute type A aortic dissection associated pregnancy severely threatens the lives of both the mother and her ferus.We retrospectively reviewed our clinical experience with this life-threatening condition in six cases.Methods Between January 2007 and February 2012,6 women with acute type A aotic dissection associated pregnancy were treated by our group,with an average of 3 1 years (range 24 -37 weeks)and a mean gestation weeks of 24.5 (range,12 -38 weeks ).The etiology was Marfan syndrome in 4 cases and gestational hypertension in 2.The pathology was the modified Stanford type A3S in I case,A2C in 2 and A3C in 3.- Five patients were treated surgically and 1 medically.Surgical operations were performed under hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass or deep hypothermic circulatory arrest,including Bentall procedure in 1case,Bentall + Sun's procedure in 2,ascending aortic replacement + Sun's procedure in 2.Results The woman treated medically and her fetus died from aortic rupture 9 days after admission.The cardiopulmonary bypass and cross clamp time and circulatory arrest time averaged 167 rninites(range,75 -210 minites) and 98 minites(range,83 - 145 minites) and 23.5minites(range,19 -27 minutes),respectively.Five patients treaed surgically survived the operation.Three fetuses survived rand two fetuses died.After a mean follow-up of 2.2 years (range,1 - 3.5 years ),5 patients were doing well.CT angiogram detected nonmal aortic and valvular structures,with no signs of distal dilation.Three babies were normal in development and neurocognitive functios.Conclusion Palients with aortic dissection associated with pregnancy should be operated on ugently and medical treatment carries high risks of aortic rupture and maternal and fetal death.Methods of surgical repair,peffusion techniques and delivery should be chosen based on the underlying aortic pathology and gestational age,so as to maximize the safety of the mother and her baby.

Objective To compare clinical outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)cycle by using fresh and cryopreserved-thawed testicular and epididymal spermatozoa in azoospermic patients.Methods Between September 2006 and May 2007,208 azoospermic patients underwent in vitro fertilization(IVF)were treated in Center of Reproductive Medicine,Peking University Third Hospital.Those couples were divided into two groups based on their wishes,including 171 cases in fresh group and 37 cases in cryopreserved-thawed group.The cryopreserved testicular or epididymal spermatozoa were thawed and recovered before ICSI procedure iu thawed group.The outcomes of ICSI in each group were compared.including clinical outcomes(two pronuclear fertilization,high quality embryo,clinical pregnancy and embryo implantation)and pregnancy outcomes(spontaneous miscarriage,gestational weeks and neonatal birth weight).Results (1),The utilization rate were 92%(23/25)in cryopreserved-thawed testicular spermatozoa and 100%(12/12)in epididymal spermatozoa.(2)Between fresh and cryopreserved-thawed groups,no statistical difference was observed in two pronuclear fertilization rate[62.25%(973/1563)vs.64.53%(282/437),P=0.960],high quality embryo rate[78.9%(768/973)vs.79.1%(223/282),P=0.985],clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer[44.4%(60/135)vs.46.9%(15/32),P:0.688]and embryo implantation rate[29.3%(84/287)vs.33.3%(23/69),P=0.508].(3)No significant difference between flesh and cryopreserved group was found in spontaneous miscarriage rate (11%vs.7%,P＝1.000),gestational weeks(single birth:39.0 weeks vs.38.7 weeks,P:0.538;twins:36.8 weeks vs.36.3 weeks,P=0.571)and birth weight(single birth:3409 g vs.3350 g,P=0.699;twins:2584 g vs.2635 g,P=0.703).Conclusion It suggested that tissue from the azoospermic patients who underwent diagnostic testieular and epididymal biopsy should be eryopreseved for IVF-ET.

Objective To analyze the clinical outcomes of patients treated with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and influence factors of pregnancy rate. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 12 491 cycles, including 6832 fresh IVF/intracytoplast single sperm injection (ICSI) cycles and 5659 frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles from 2005 to 2007. Results The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was 32. 99% (2254/6832)in fresh embryo transfer program, and the live birth rate was 25.75% (1394/5413); the early pregnant loss rate was 9. 36% (211/2254), and the prenatal defect rate was 1.45% (25/1722). Through analysis of these patients' basic data, we found that the patients' age, causes for infertility, egg retrieval and cycle number affected the pregnancy rate. Using logistic regression method, we found that patients′ age was the most important factor affecting pregnancy outcome. In FET cycles, the clinical pregnancy rate was 38.08% (2155/5659), significantly higher than fresh embryo transfer cycles. Conclusions IVF-ET treatment is a safe and effective method for infertility couples. However, the female age and poor ovarian response are the main factors affecting pregnancy rate. Thawed embryo transfer can increase the accumulated pregnancy rate effectively.

Objective:To compare two flexible embryo catheters and determine whether clinical out-come differs in the in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET)cycles.Methods:This prospective control study was conducted by one doctor between July 2012 and November 2013.In the study,2 064 patients undergoing fresh embryo transfer by using IVF-ET/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-ET in Reproductive Medical Center of Peking University Third Hospital were recruited.The subjects were di-vided into two groups.Cook Sydney IVF embryo transfer catheters (product model:K-JETS-7019-SIVF) were used for embryo transfer in group 1 (n =949),and FrydmanCCD catheters (product model:131230301)were used in group 2 (n =1 115).Pregnancy outcomes were compared between these two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in age,diagnosis for infertility and stimulation proto-col used between the two groups.In addition,there was no difference in the number of oocytes collected and in the number and score of embryos transferred.The significantly higher implantation rate,clinical pregnancy rate,and live birth rate (34.40% vs.26.92%,51.21% vs.41.52%,42.57% vs. 33.09%,P <0.05)were observed in group 1 compared with group 2.The abortion rate was not signifi-cantly different between the two groups (11.93% vs.15.98%,P >0.05).The proportion of difficult transfer was higher in group 1 than that in group 2 (5.27% vs.3.41%,P <0.05 ).There was no difference in the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate between the two difficult transfer cycles.Con-clusion:The type of embryo transfer catheter affects the clinical outcome in IVF.Good clinical outcome can be obtained by using Cook Sydney IVF catheter,which is worthy of clinical promotion.