Cleft Lip ; therapy ; Cleft Palate ; therapy ; Humans

Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Humans

Cholestasis ; Humans ; Liver Diseases

Some of the clinical manifestation of primary immunodeficiency disease in children is similar with that of hematological system diseases in children.It would result into the change of one or multiple lines of blood cells, which would lead to infection or malignant tumors.To strengthen the awareness of the hematologic manifestations of immunodeficiency diseases will be beneficial for doctors in the diagnosis of diseases,judgment of complication and prog-nosis.

Embryonic stem cells(ESCs),a kind of totipotent cells,can differentiate into cell type of the 3 germ layers.Adult stem cells(ASCs) are pluripotent stem cells,which can self-renew and transdifferentiate into a completely different tissue derivative cells.Thus ASCs can transdifferentiate into germ cells in a certain condition.Great progress has made for the study on human ESCs.However,use of ESCs faces the immunological rejection,oncogenicity and ethical controversies problems,and these limit their uses for treatment of human diseases.On contrast,ASCs can advoid these problems,and they may have a better perspective.Germ cells as carriers of genetic materials,are worth of studying.If male germ cells can be derived from ASCs,this will open the possibilities for the use of these cells for male infertillty in clinical application.In this review,we will introduce the progress on derivation of male germ cells from ESCs and ASCs.

Biomedical Research ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Humans

Objective To investigate the incidence of xerostomia in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndromes (AIDS), clarify the association between AIDS and xerostomia to promote AIDS patients' oral health. Method The oral health conditions of 200 hospitalized AIDS patients were investigated by a self-designed evaluation form. Results Among 200 patients, xerostomia occurred in 113 (56.6%) . Among the xerostomia patients, 32.7% were without brushing habits, 63.7% with long-term medication and 43.1% (31 cases) with mainly antibiotics, antivirals and antifungal drugs. 30 (31.9%) patients with xerostomia were mainly associated with symptoms of oral burning, lips dry and scaly, periodontitis, oral mucosal dryness and tooth loss. Conclusions AIDS could increase the incidence of xerostomia. Some effective measures should be taken to promote patients' oral health, including improving AIDS patients' awareness of oral health, close observation of adverse reactions after treatment,looking for related causes, timely and targeted therapies,early detection and treatment of associated symptoms.

Along with the improvement of the diagnosis techniques and the popularization of the health examination,the incidence of the thyroid nodule is growing rapidly.The management methods of the nodules depend on the correct diagnosis of the thyroid nodules,which could save the limited resources of the healthcare system.The diagnostic methods of the thyroid nodules developed in recent years are reviewed in this paper.