Salvianolic acids are the main water-soluble active compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza and have been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Based on the latest studies in China and abroad, we summarize the pharmacological effects and mechanism of salvianolic acids on ischemic heart disease by describing how salvianolic acid A and salvianolic acid B protect the vascular endothelium, relax coronary arteries, promote angiogenesis and anti-platelet aggregation, inhibit the inflammatory response, anti-cell apoptosis, and scavenge free radicals. This review provides a theoretical basis for further research on the effects of salvianolic acids on ischemic heart disease and their potential for drug development.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD), which has been considered to be exclusively caused by stenosis or occlusion of coronary artery, is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the main pathological basis of ischemic heart disease and reperfusion injury, and moderate mitochondrial autophagy can selectively remove damage proteins and organelles to maintain intracellular homeostasis, so mitochondrial autophagy is important for maintaining the homeostasis of cardiomyocytes. Natural drugs from plants are widely used in ischemic heart disease. In recent years, more and more natural drugs have been proven to alleviate myocardial cell damage after ischemia/reperfusion through mitochondrial autophagy. This paper reviews the research progress of natural drugs from plants medicines regulating mitochondrial autophagy in the treatment of ischemia heart disease.

Acetamides ; adverse effects ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Diseases ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the MP infection status in children with respiratory tract disease and the correlation with gen‐der ,age ,season and clinical conditions .Methods To investigate the clinical data retrospectively of 655 children with respiratory tract infection from January to December 2013 .Results The positive rate of MP antibody was 48 .09% with a higher incidence in girls than boys ,and those above 3 were more susceptible to it .Winter and spring were the peak seasons .The older group had a higher positive rate of MP antibody ,together with high morbidity of MPP and LP ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,while the younger group was inclined to get higher WBC count and percentage of increasing CRP and neutrophils ,the differ‐ences were statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion MP is a common pathogenic bacteria causes respiratory tract infection in children above 3 years ,especially in winter and spring .The antibody positive rate rise with age and the infected children are more likely to have pneumonia meanwhile the younger group has higher WBC count ,in which more cases get higher level of CRP and neutrophils .

In the treatment of hypertensive crisis, the novel Rho kinase inhibitor DL0805-2 can rapidly lower systematic blood pressure, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, and has a significant protective effect on lung injury. This experiment intends to evaluate the efficacy of DL0805-2 against pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and preliminarily reveals its underlying mechanism. Animal welfare and experimental procedures are in accordance with the provision of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into DL0805-2 low, medium, and high dose groups (1, 3, and 10 mg·kg^-1), bosentan positive control group, model group, and blank control group. The drug was administered daily on the 7th day after model establishment by monocrotaline injection. On the 25th day of the experiment, relevant indicators were examined to observe the therapeutic effect of DL0805-2 on pulmonary hypertension. DL0805-2 significantly relieved the abnormal changes in the physiological parameters related to PAH induced by monocrotaline, including reducing right ventricular systolic pressure, alleviating cardiac damage caused by pressure overload, and reducing the levels of endothelin-1 and inflammatory factors in lung tissues. DL0805-2 also attenuated pulmonary arteries remodeling. It was preliminarily discovered that DL0805-2 exerts preventive and therapeutic effect on PAH through Rho-kinase pathway. Our results suggested that DL0805-2 had good therapeutic effects on monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model. It intervened early in the disease process, effectively prevented the development of the disease, and reduced the mortality of the diseased animals. The mechanism is related to Rho-kinase pathway.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficacy of the laparoscopic surgery in combination of Quyu Jiedu Recipe (QYJDR) on endometriosis (EMs)-related infertility patients.

METHODS130 EMs-related infertility patients of blood stasis and toxin accumulation syndrome diagnosed and treated by laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned to two groups, i.e., the test group (75 cases) and the control group (55 cases). All patients received routine progesterone treatment after laparoscopic surgery. QYJDR was given to patients in the test group after laparoscopic surgery, lasting for twelve months. The pregnancy rate within one year after laparoscopic surgery were compared between the two groups. The Chinese medicine syndrome integrals, serum endometrium antibody (EMAb) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels were compared between before drug therapy and three months after drug therapy.

RESULTSThe pregnancy rate within one year after laparoscopic surgery was higher in the test group than in the control group [61.33% (46/75) vs 45.45% (25/55)], showing significant difference (P<0.05). The Chinese medicine syndrome integral was (16.07 +/- 6.77) score and (7.25 +/- 3.27) score before and 3 months after drug therapy in the test group, while it was (15.92 +/- 7.51) score and (12.73 +/- 6.12) score in the control group. The Chinese medicine syndrome integral after drug therapy was lower than that before drug therapy in the same group. Besides, the integral difference between before and after drug therapy was higher in the test group than in the control group [(9.12 +/- 6.16) score vs (3.48 +/- 2.06) score)], showing statistical difference (P<0.05). After three-month drug therapy, the serum EMAb negative conversion rate was obviously higher in the test group than in the control group (44.44% vs 15.62%), showing statistical difference (P<0.05). The serum CA125 level was (31.88 +/- 15.78) U/mL before drug therapy and (18.82 +/- 10.08) U/mL three months after drug therapy in the test group, while it was (30.63 +/- 19.28) U/mL and (18.05 +/- 11.20) U/mL respectively in the control group. It was lowered after drug therapy in the two groups with statistical difference (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups after drug therapy (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe laparoscopic surgery in combination of QYJDR could effectively improve clinical symptoms of EMs patients of blood stasis and toxin accumulation syndrome, promote negative conversion of EMAb, lower serum CA125 levels, and elevate the clinical pregnancy rate. QYJDR is an effective formula in treatment of EMs-related infertility.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; complications ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; etiology ; therapy ; Integrative Medicine ; Laparoscopy ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effects of Shen-nourishing and menstruation-regulating method (SNMRM) combined with Triptorelin Acetate Injection (TAI) on patients with luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome (LUFS).

METHODSSixty-two LUFS patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group. TAI was given to patients in the control group while SNMRM + TAI was given to those in the treatment group. The ovulation rate and the pregnancy rate were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSThe ovulation rate in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group, but without significant difference (85.53% versus 79.07%, P > 0.05). The pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (56.25% vs 30.00%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of LUFS by SNMRM + TAI could improve the ovulation rate and the pregnancy rate, indicating that LUFS patients' ovary functions could be improved by using different menstruation regulating methods during different follicular development phases.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; drug therapy ; Menstruation ; drug effects ; Ovarian Diseases ; drug therapy ; Ovarian Follicle ; physiopathology ; Ovulation ; drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Triptorelin Pamoate ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Epigenetics comprises the modifications made in gene expressions without changing the DNA sequence itself. Significant epigenetic changes take place during spermatogenesis and fertilization and exert direct influences on embryogenesis. This article provides an overview of the latest researches on epigenetics of male germ cells and a brief discussion on the correlation of sperm with embryogenesis in four aspects: DNA methylation, histone modification, regulation of non-coding RNAs, and genomic imprinting.
Animals ; DNA Methylation ; Embryonic Development ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Genomic Imprinting ; Histones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Spermatozoa

OBJECTIVETo explore methods and clinical outcomes of microsurgical technique in treating patients with severed palm.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to December 2012,45 patients with severed palm were treated by replantation through microsurgical technique, included 37 males and 8 females, aged from 13 to 45 years old with an average of 25. Postoperative survival rate and evaluation standard of upper limb replantation function posposed by Chinese Medical Association were applied for evaluate clinical outcomes after operation.

RESULTSForty-five patients with severed plam were treated by replantation. Thirty-nine patients (121 fingers) were survived,and survival rate was 87%. All patients were followed up 3 to 15.5 months with an average of 11.5 months. According to evaluation standard of upper limb replantation function posposed by Chinese Medical Association, the total score was 80.27 +/- 1.93, and 27 cases got excellent results, 8 good and 4 poor.

CONCLUSIONThe success of replantation of severed palm depends on grasping operation indication strictly, knowing complexity and local anatomic relationship, debridement completely during operation, making full use of remaining organization, arteriovenostomy through microsurgical technique as early as possible, constructing circulation and repairing injuried nerve rationally.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hand Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Replantation ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effects of different solvent extracts from Guizhi Fuling on the proliferation in human cervical carcinoma cells and its possible mechanisms. METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation in the HeLa and C33A human cervical carcinoma cells, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used detect for the protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) activity in vitro, and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging ratio displayed antioxidant activity of different extracts from Guizhi Fuling. RESULTS: Most of different solvent extracts from Guizhi Fuling, including extracts of ethyl acetate, ethyl acetate-water, ethyl acetate-acetone, butyl alcohol-30% ethanol and butyl alcohol-50% ethanol, displayed good inhibitory activity on the proliferation in human cervical carcinoma cells. The inhibit potency to the largest for HeLa cells was butyl alcohol-30% ethanol eluate, its IC50 was (7.09±1.25) μg·mL-1, and inhibit potency to the largest for C33A cells was ethyl acetate-acetone eluate, its IC50 was (5.14±0.70) μg·mL-1. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that different solvent extracts from Guizhi Fuling, have different anticancer activity in vitro. Its mechanism may be associated with inhibition of PTKs and antioxidation activity. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.