Objective Study the behaviors of image registration algorithms, and analyze the elements which influence the performance of image registrations. Methods Pre-known corresponding coordinates were appointed for reference image and moving image, and then the influence of region of interest (ROI) selection, transformation function initial parameters and coupled parameter spaces on registration results were studied with a software platform developed in home. Results Region of interest selection had a manifest influence on registration performance. An improperly chosen ROI resulted in a bad registration. Transformation function initial parameters selection based on pre-known information could improve the accuracy of image registration. Coupled parameter spaces would enhance the dependence of image registration algorithm on ROI selection. Conclusions It is necessary for clinic IGRT to obtain a ROI selection strategy (depending on specific commercial software) correlated to tumor sites. Three suggestions for image registration technique developers are automatic selection of the initial parameters of transformation function based on pre-known information, developing specific image registration algorithm for specific image feature, and assembling real-time image registration algorithms according to tumor sites selected by software user.

Brain Neoplasms ; complications ; Humans ; Hypothalamic Diseases ; etiology ; Syndrome

Objective To detect serum CA125 and VEGF in patients of non-Hodgkin lymophoma (NHL) involved in bone marrow and analyse prognostic criteria for NHL. Methods The clinical data of 97 patient were chosen as research objects. They were all first-visit patients. Bone marrow infiltrated with lymphoma cell leukemia of 50 patients were identified by bone marrow aspiration or bone marrow biopsy 46 cases of normal bone marrow were used as controls. The serum CA125 and VEGF were detected by ELISA before treatment. Results Among 97 cases of non-Hodgkin disease, there were 50 cases of bone marrow infiltrated lymphoma cells with a incidence rate of 51.5 %. CA125 and VEGF level in the patients whose bone marrow or lymphoma cell leukemia existed NHL cells was much higher than that of NHL with negative bone marrow infutration (P <0.05). Conclusion CA125 and VEGF can be concluded clinical markers which decide bone marrow or lymphoma cell leukem of the NHL patients whether existed NHL cells or not.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a kind of stem cells with multi-directional differentiation ability and play an important role in the healing of fractures. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore how to promote the BMSCs migration in vivo, thereby promoting bone defect repair.OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of different concentrations of musk ketone on in vivo migration of exogenous BMSCs, and to preliminarily explore the mechanism of fracture healing and cited theory.METHODS:A rat model of skull defects was made. Passage 3 BMSCs were harvested by using adherence method,labeled with DAPI, and then injected via the tail vein into the model rats. After that, the rats were intragastrically administrated with 0 (blank control), 42 (low dose), 84 (middle dose), 168 μL/kg (high dose) musk ketone, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of exogenous BMSCs in the defect region, and the expression of stem cell factor and Fractalkine showed a significant increase in the low- and middle-dose groups compared with the high-dose and blank control groups. These findings indicate that the low- and middle-dose musk ketone can promote the in vivo migration of exogenous stem cells.

BACKGROUND:Neurotrophin-3 is found in the repair of spinal cord injury in the role of the strongest neurotrophic factor.It can effectively promote axonal regeneration through the glial scar tissue in repairing spinal cord injury.OBJECTIVE:To construct recombinant lentiviral vectors for gene delivery of homo sapiens neurotrophin-3(hNT3),and to investigate the expression of hNT3 gene in Schwann cells after transfection.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Observational experiment was performed from June 2007 to March 2008 at the Central Laboratory of Changhai Hospital.MATERIALS:Bilateral sciatic nerves were harvested from 3-day-old Sprague Dawley rats for culture and identification of Schwann cells.Three-plasmid lentivirus systems:pGC-E1-EGFP,pHelper 1.0 and pHelper 2.0 were gained from Shanghai Chemical Technology Co.,Ltd.METHODS:pGC-E1-hNT3-EGFP plasmid was constructed by double restriction enzyme digestion and ligation,and then the plasmid was transformed into E.coli DH5?.Purified pGC-E1-hNT3-EGFP plasmids from the positive clones was confirmed by PCR and sequencing.293T cells were cotransfected with lentiviral vector pGC-E1-hNT3-EGFP,pHelper 1.0 and pHelper 2.0 by Lipofectamine 2000 to produce lentivirus.2 mL recombinant virus complete culture solution was added according to multiplicity of infection=1,4,8,10,12.The titer of virus was tested according to the expression level of enhanced green fluorescent protein.The control groups were Schwann cells and Schwann cells transfected by no-loaded lentivirus.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The lentiviruses were transduced to Schwann cells,and the transfection efficiency was examined by flow cytometry,the overexpression of hNT3 was determined by Real-time PCR and Western blotting.RESULTS:The exogenous gene sequence of the recombinant hNT3 was completely in accordance with that of its open reading frame in GeneBank.The titer of concentrated virus was 5?107 TU/L.After recombinant LV-hNT3 infection,Schwann cells gave off strikingly bright green fluorescence,and the transfection efficiency amounted to 85%(multiplicity of infection=10).Real-time RCR test showed that the hNT3 mRNA were highly expressed in hNT3-Schwann cells,while did not express in the control group.Western blotting showed the hNT3 expression in Schwann cells.CONCLUSION:Construction of hNT3 gene lentiviral vector can transfect Schwann cells leading to an efficient overexpression of hNT3.

Abortion, Missed ; chemically induced ; Adult ; Carbon Disulfide ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors

Objective To explore the relating factors for cognitive dysfunction in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Methods Totally 150 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) and 150 gender and age-matched healthy subjects (controls) received the cognitive and depression function assessment.150 AECOPD cases were classified into two groups:COPD patients with or without cognitive dysfunction.Fasting blood uric acid (UA) was measured and compared between the two groups.Relating factors for cognition dysfunction were analyzed.Results The score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was reduced in AECOPD patients as compared with controls [(19.01±3.58) vs.(26.58±1.42)scores,t=-3.48,P=0.032].The score of Hamilton depression (HAMD) scale was higher in AECOPD patients than in controls [(18.05 ± 4.50) vs.(9.98 ± 3.51) scores,t =4.63,P =0.028].The prevalence of cognitive impairment in the patients with AECOPD was 82 cases (54.7％).The serum UA level was lower in the AECOPD patients with cognitive impairment than in patients without cognitive impairment [(235±42) μmol/L (n=82) vs.(332±45) μmol/L (n=68),t=-6.65,P=0.003].In AECOPD patients,the cognitive function was correlated with education,length of hospital stay,serum UA level,COPD stages,disease duration and the depression level,but was not correlated with smoking and body mass index.Conclusions The cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in patients with AECOPD,which is associated with lower serum UA level,longer hospital stay and disease severity.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of adult osteofluomsis in the endemic fluomsis areas in Tianjin and to provide scientific foundation for endemic fluorosis.Methods Stratified sampling in 55 villages were selected in 3 areas with slight,moderate and severe fluorosis regions in Tianjin from April to June in 2008.Water fluorine were tested and clinical osteofluorosis examinations were conducted to the population aging 16 and above in the villages.Tweenty villages were selected randomly in the slight,moderate and severe fluorosis regions.X-ray osteofluorosis examination were conducted to patients and suspected patients in these 20 villages.Results The geometric mean fluoride content in the water for the 3 areas were 1.35 mg/L,3.44 mg/L,5.49 mg/L,respectively.The prevalence of osteofluorosis were 36.7%(44/120),20.6%(33/160),39.4%(43/109),respectively.The prevalence of osteofluorosis Was increased gradually(r=0.534,P<0.01)and the symptoms and signs of the disease were more serious(H=84.813,P<0.01).The prevalence of X-ray diagnosis Was increased gradually(r=0.990,P<0.01)and signs of the disease were more severe(H=25.169,P<0.01)with an increase in age.There was no statistical significance of prevalence rate of osteofluorosis between males and females,regardless if it Was a clinical diagnosis(X2=0.343,P>0.05)or an X-ray diagnosis(X2=3.532,P>0.05).Conclusions Adult osteofluorosis to a certain extent is still prevalent in the fluorosis areas in Tianjin.Endemic fluorosis is still rampant.Improving water in fulorosis areas should be mandatory.

This study tested the effects of the gastrointestinal pulse train electrical stimulation with different parameters and at different locations on the neuronal activities of the lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) in obese rats in order to find the optimal stimulation parameter and location. Eight gastric electrical stimulations (GES) with different parameters were performed and the neuronal activities of gastric-distension responsive (GD-R) neurons in LHA were observed. The effects of stimulations with 8 parameters were compared to find the optimal parameter. Then the optimal parameter was used to perform electrical stimulation at duodenum and ileum, and the effects of the duodenal and ileac stimulation on the GD-R neurons in LHA were compared with the gastric stimulation of optimal parameter. The results showed that GES with the lowest energy parameter (0.3 ms, 3 mA, 20 Hz, 2 s on, 3 s off) activated the least neurons. The effects of GES with other parameters whose pulse width was 0.3 ms were not significantly different from those of the lowest energy parameter. Most gastric stimulations whose pulse width was 3 ms activated more LHA neurons than the smallest energy parameter stimulation, and the effects of those 3 ms gastric stimulations were similar. Accordingly, the lowest energy parameter was recognized as the optimal parameter. The effects of stimulations with the optimal parameter at stomach, duodenum and ileum on the LHA neuronal activities were not different. Collectively, gastrointestinal electrical stimulation (GIES) with relatively large pulse width might have stronger effects to the neuronal activities of GD-R neurons in LHA of obese rats. The effects of the GIES at different locations (stomach, duodenum and ileum) on those neurons are similar, and GES is preferential because of its easy clinical performance and safety.