Objective:To compare the therapeutic efficacy of alternate use of azithromycin and acetylspiramycin with sequential therapy and azithromycin alone in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. Methods:In the outpatient department, 84 ca-ses of mycoplasma pneumonia children were randomly divided into group A (43 cases) and group B (41 cases). The group A was giv-en azithromycin (10mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ,ivd,qd) with intravenous infusion for 7 days, and then after 4-day withdrawal, orally given az-ithromycin 10 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 qd for 3 days followed by 4-day withdrawal,and till 3 weeks ( sequential therapy) . The group B was giv-en azithromycin (10mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ,ivd,qd) with intravenous infusion for 7 days followed by oral administration with acetylspiramycin 25-30 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 tid for 2 weeks. Results:The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. The total effective rate of group A and group B was 86. 0% and 100%, respectively, and the effective rate of group B was obviously higher than that of group A (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0. 05). Conclusion:The alternate use of azithromycin and acetylspiramycin in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children is better than the sequential therapy of azithromycin alone.

Chemotherapy induced phlebitis is a kind of acute and local inflammation caused by chemotherapeutics, which has complicated factors. There are many prevention measures. One of them is phytotherapy, which is widely used as a part of natural therapy. This article summarized the phytotherapy used for chemotherapy induced phlebitis, with the purpose to provide the references for enhancing the clinical intravenous administration and ensuring the smooth progress of chemotherapy.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma. Methods: The clinical manifestations and the microscopic and immunohistochemical characteristics of six patients with gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma were analyzed with a follow-up period. Related literature was reviewed. Results:Immunohistochemical markers of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma with spindle cell morphology were epithelial and mesenchymal positivity. Conclusion: Gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma could be firmly diagnosed by microscopic morphology and immunohistochemistry. Radical resection is currently used to treat such patients. However, more cases with longer follow-up period are needed to discover better treatments and improve the survival of these patients.

Objective:Taking Chongyang county of Hubei Province as an example, the paper describes the in-tegration of the maternal and child health ( MCH) and family planning ( FP) service system and analyses the key ele-ments to provide reference for promoting integration. Methods: qualitative interviews and quantitative questionnaire were used to collect data. The software QSR Nvivo 8. 0 and SPSS 17. 0 were used for qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Results:Based on the correct understanding of integration, Chongyang implements the supporting policies actively, maintains the original compensation mode unchanged, follows the principle of“no reducing headcounts and no downsizing” strictly, promotes the merger of institutions rapidly, adjusts the service contents and methods reasona-bly, and integrates the maternal and child and family planning information platform. Conclusion:The correct concept of integration, appropriate staffing, and stable funding in Chongyang provide rich experiences for future research. However, there is room for improvement in staffing, incentive mechanisms, service content, and forms.

Purpose To detect the expression of autophagic genes Beclin 1 and MAP1LC3 in cutaneous malignant melanoma and to ex-plore the relationship between autophagia and malignant melanoma. Methods 85 cases of speicmens including normal skin tissue, in-tradermal nevi, radial growth phase melanomas, vertical growth phase melanomas, and metastatic melanoma were collected, and the protein expression of Beclin 1 and MAP1LC3 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry of SP methods. Results The Beclin 1 and MAP1LC3 expression were pretended to be 100% in normal skin tissue, and they were declined to 85% and 95% in intradermal nevi, 58% and 50% in radial growth phase melanomas, 49. 5% and 44. 4% in vertical growth phase melanomas, both of 17% in melanoma metastases (P<0. 05). Conclusion Beclin 1 and MAP1LC3 autophagic gene expression were significantly decreased with tumor pro-gression, as well as was correlated with conventional histopathologic prognostic factors.

Background:The current World Health Organization (WHO) classiifcation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) con?veys little prognostic information. This study aimed to propose an NPC histopathologic classiifcation that can poten?tially be used to predict prognosis and treatment response. Methods:We initially developed a histopathologic classiifcation based on the morphologic traits and cell differentia?tion of tumors of 2716 NPC patients who were identiifed at Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) (training cohort). Then, the proposed classiifcation was applied to 1702 patients (retrospective validation cohort) from hospitals outside SYSUCC and 1613 patients (prospective validation cohort) from SYSUCC. The effcacy of radiochemotherapy and radiotherapy modalities was compared between the proposed subtypes. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% conifdence intervals (CI) for overall survival (OS). Results:The 5?year OS rates for all NPC patients who were diagnosed with epithelial carcinoma (EC; 3708 patients), mixed sarcomatoid?epithelial carcinoma (MSEC; 1247 patients), sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC; 823 patients), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; 253 patients) were 79.4%, 70.5%, 59.6%, and 42.6%, respectively (P<0.001). In mul?tivariate models, patients with MSEC had a shorter OS than patients with EC (HR=1.44, 95% CI=1.27–1.62), SC (HR=2.00, 95% CI=1.76–2.28), or SCC (HR=4.23, 95% CI=3.34–5.38). Radiochemotherapy signiifcantly improved survival compared with radiotherapy alone for patients with EC (HR=0.67, 95% CI=0.56–0.80), MSEC (HR=0.58, 95% CI=0.49–0.75), and possibly for those with SCC (HR=0.63; 95% CI=0.40–0.98), but not for patients with SC (HR=0.97, 95% CI=0.74–1.28). Conclusions:The proposed classiifcation offers more information for the prediction of NPC prognosis compared with the WHO classiifcation and might be a valuable tool to guide treatment decisions for subtypes that are associ?ated with a poor prognosis.