Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; pathology ; physiology ; Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; Female ; Fetus ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; physiology ; Metals ; toxicity ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; physiology ; Pregnancy ; Stress, Psychological ; complications

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the standardization of the instruction of levonorgestrel emergency contraception. METHODS:Instruction of levonorgestrel emergency contraception in the market was compared with the national regulations and foreign instruction of the same kind of productions in order to discover the problems in domestic specification. RESULTS:The major problems of domestic instruction of levonorgestrel emergency contraception included instructions without population limits, unclear frequency and interval of drug use,without attention to ADR of levonorgestrel emergency contraception,lack of pharmacy research data. CONCLUSIONS:The problems existing in domestic instruction of levonorgestrel emergency contraception are shortage of items and warnings of drug safety. Related administration departments and enterprises are suggested to modify and perfect the instruction of levonorgestrel emergency contraception.

Objective To discuss the features and prevention of central venous catheter infection in patients undergoing digestive tract operation.Methods The clinical data of 145 patients with central venous catheters after G1 surgery in our hospital from March 2004 to March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 145 cases with central venous catheters,40 cases(27.6%)presented with defite catheter related infection and 56 strains of pathogens were isolated and cultured.Of the 56 isolates,28(50%) were of gram-negative bacteria,22(39%) of gram-postive bacteria and 6(11%) of fungi.Six cases suffered from multiple catheter infection(15%),39patients were cured and 1 died.Conclusions Gram-negative bacteria are the most common pathogens for central venous catheter infection in GI operated patients.It is crucial that standardized card of intravenous infusion should be implemented and prophylactic antibiotics should properly be selected for control of enterogenous infection.

Objective To explore the operation methods,intraoperative treatment,measures for prevention and treatment of complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) for acute cholecystitis.Methods Two hundred and serenty-two patients with acute cholecystitis from March 2003 to April 2007 were analyzed retrospectively.We performed total laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 260 cases and subtotal laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cholecystomucoclasis of remnant gallbladder in 12 cases.Results None of 272 cases was converted to open operation.There was no mortality,and no bile duct injury or major bleeding.Conclusions Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective method for acute cholecystitis and it has the advantages of minimal trauma,quick recovery and less blood loss.

Objective In order to study the application of macroporous resins and so on to the purified active components of Euphorbia humifusa、Leaves of Flos Lonicerae、Chrysanthemum morifolium,adsorption and separation properties for 3 types of macroporous resins and polyamide were investigated.Methods The total flavone was used as the evaluating criteria,we selected suitable macroporous resins and studied optimum technological parameters of the adsorption and elution.Spectrophotometry was used for the determination of total flavone.Results The suitable macroporous resins which were used to the purified active components of traditional Chinese medicine were D101 and DA201 and DM301 for Euphorbia humifusa、DA201 for Leaves of Flos Lonicerae、D101 and DA201 and DM301 for Chrysanthemum morifolium,The concentration of the sample of Euphorbia humifusa for DA201 and D101 were 0.49～1.47 and 0.42～1.31 mg/ml.The concentration of the sample of Leaves of Flos Lonicerae for DA201 was 1.03～2.07 mg/ml.The concentration of the sample of Chrysanthemum morifolium for DA201 and D101 was 0.50～1.00 and 0.71～1.99 mg.ml.In the adsorption course,appeared leaking were 8 and 10、2、2 and 1 BV respectively.In the elution course,when the alcohol concentrations were 20%、30%、40% and 20%、30%、40%;10%、20%、30%;30%、40%、50% and 20%、30%、40%;respectively,the total flavone content in the elution solutions was higher.The influence of temperature to DA201 and D101 adsorpting total flavone for Euphorbia humifusa was not great.But the influence of temperature to DA201 and D101 adsorpting total flavone for Leaves of Flos Lonicerae and Chrysanthemum morifolium were certain degree.Conclusions It is obviously different to refine the total flavone active components of traditional Chinese medicine,while using 3 types of macroporous resins and polyamide.

Objective To evaluate the possibility of using preoperative conventional lung function tests and impulse oscilloresistometry system (IOS) to predict the development of postoperative respiratory failure after radical lung cancer surgery in patients with poor pulmonary function. Methods Fifty-two male patients with lung cancer between 51-63 yrs undergoing radical lung cancer surgery were included in this study. Preoperative pulmonary function was assessed by conventional lung function tests ( FEV1.0 , VC, MVV) and impulse oscilloresistometry system (IOS) (peripheral airway resistance R5-R20; elastic resistance ( X5 ) and Fres. Postoperative respiratory failure was defined as short of breath (SOB) , cyanosis, SpO2 45 mm Hg.Results Nine patients developed postoperative respiratory failure (17.3%). There was significant difference in FEV1.0 , R5-R20, X5 and Fres between patients who developed postoperative respiratory failure and those who did not. Logistic regression analysis showed that Fres is an independent factor predicting respiratory failure. Conclusion Fres is an important parameter of impulse oscilloresistometry system (IOS) for prediction of postoperative respiratory failure after lung cancer surgery in patients with poor pulmonary function.

AIM: To study the effect of peach seed (semen Persicae) on gene expression of mouse with sarcoma 180 by means of DNA microarray. METHODS: DNA microarrays were made by spotting PCR products of 4096 mice cDNA noto a specially treated glass slides. The probes were prepared by labeling experimental and control group tumor tissue mRNA with Cy3 dUTP and Cy5 dUTP separately through reverse transcription. The arrays were then hybridized against the cDNA probe mixture and the fluorescent signals were scanned. The data obtained were analyzed from two repeated experiments. RESULTS: 64 genes were obtained by computer processing. CONCLUSION: These genes identified through this approach are considered as potential candidates for PSPA anti tumor effect.

Objective To study the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of flavonoids and other ingredients in leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca miq,and to optimize the reflux extraction condition for total flavonoids from leaves of lonicera hypoglauca miq. Methods Preliminary test was used for qualitative analysis. UV-spectrophotometry was used to determinate content of total flavonoids. By orthogonal design,the extraction rate of flavonoids was determined in different factors of ethanol reflux extracting. Results Leaves of lonicera hypoglauca miq contained alkaloids and flavonoids.The optimum conditions of ethanol reflux extracting total flavonoids are 12 times 50% ethanol,and refluence for 1.0h at water bath for two times.According to validate experiment,the average total flavonoids content was 16.6% in leaves of lonicera hypoglauca miq,with RSD=1.52%(n=3). Conclusion Flavonoids are in higher level in leaves of Lonicera hypoglauca miq. There are some chemical similarity in leaves of lonicera hypoglauca miq and leaves of flos lonicerae.

Objective:To evaluate curative impact of booster immunization with paternal lymphocytes on recurrent spontaneous abortors(RSA)with less reaction of primary patermal lymphocyte immunization.Methods:RSA patients with insufficient materno-fetal immuno-recognition were selected by flow cytometry of blocking antibody analysis and immunized with either induced paternal lymphocytes pretreated by IFN-? in vitro to those of anti-CD3-BE and anti-CD4-BE Ab lower than 0% or direct intradermal vaccination with their paternal lymphocytes without IFN-? pretreatment to those of anti-CD3-BE Ab beyond 0%.Reassessment of blocking antibodies was performed at the end of the second immnunization course.Results:Levels of blocking antibodies were significantly raised after the secondary booster immunization in RSA with insufficient materno-fetal immnuno-recognition whose blocking antibodies continuously decreased after being treated by the primary paternal lymphocyte immunization.No improvement of parameters was observed except the blocking effect in patients receiving secondary direct intradermal vaccination treatment.Conclusion:It is necessary for the RSA with insufficient materno-fetal immuno-recognition to experience secondary booster immunization preferably with paternal lymphocytes pretreated by IFN-? in vitro.

Objective To study the correlation between dose-volummetrics and changes of pulmona- ry function tests(PFTs), and to study the ability of standard dose-volummetrics to predict these changes after radiotherapy. Methods Pulmonary function was measured in 39 patients with inoperable lung cancer one week before and 2-4 months after radiotherapy. The pulmonary function parameters were the forced vital ca- pacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume in ls (FEV 1.0) and diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide(DL- CO). Dose-volumrnetrics were V_(10), V_(15), V_(20), V_(25), V_(30), V_(35), V_(40), CTV_(100), CTV_(95), CTV_(90), CTV_(80), lung D_(mean), V_(eff) and NTCP. Pearson and line regression analysis was performed to determine whether the correlation exis- ted between the metrics and the changes of PFTs. Results No correlation was found between the dose- volummetrics and the changes in PFTs. Excluding patients(n=15) with pretreatment atelectasis, signifi- cant correlation was found between the dose-volummetrics (V_(20), V_(25), V_(30), V_(35), V_(40), GTV, V_(eff) and D_(mean)) and the PFTs changes(r=0.469-0.695, P≤0.05). Therefore, the re-expansion may have jesperdized the proper data to the present record. Multivariate analysis showed that V_(30) was the risk factor to affect the chan- ges of FEV 1.0 and DLCO(P=0.046、0.041). The pulmonary function of patients with V_(30)≥18% was worse than patients with V_(30)