BACKGROUND:Network medical research contains various widely applicable networks with different structures, and construction methods. These networks are not organized in architecture yet, and there is a lack of overview about its application and research progress. OBJECTIVE:To organize various medical networks to a hierarchical architecture, and summarize their research progress. METHODS:A computer-based search of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed for articles about the network medicine published between 1999 and 2016 using the keywords ofdisease network, protein interaction network, metabolic network, gene regulatoryin English and Chinese, respectively. Then the main research contents, module property, construction methods, maturity and application progress of network medicine were discussed to predict the research direction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The architecture of network medicine consists of molecular interaction network layer (interactome), disease network layer (diseasome) and drug network layer (drugome). In the interactome, protein-protein interaction network, metabolic network and gene regulatory network are in the order of organisms → mammals →human, and respective networks of human have been mapped but not mature;and new networks are being built. In diseasome, many disease networks have been constructed using a single element to cluster;and cluster by new element or combined elements can be considered in the future. Given this the current pharmacology is based on protein, there are few networks in the drugome the elements that constitute the drugome are only drug and protein.

Objective To evaluate the teaching quality of AIDS and drug abuse and to provide evidences for teaching improvement.Methods Quantitative research and qualitative research was combined.Questionnaire including evaluation of curriculum,teachers and teaching quality was conducted among 273 students majored in anesthesiology and clinical medicine (2006 grade) as well as in forensic medicine,laboratory and stomatology (2008 grade) in quantitative research.Observation and indepth interview were used in qualitative research to observe the teaching process and receive students'feedback.Information about students' evaluation criterions and attitude toward teachers were collected by qualitative research.Chi-square test and descriptive statistic were used with SPSS 13.0.Results 90.8％ students thought this lesson was necessary and important and the contents were accepted by them.24.2％ students expected increasing study hours and having practice classes.Evaluation of course time,contents and importance were different by students of different majors.Average scores of students' evaluation on teachers' quality,teaching contents and teaching methods were 25.2,22.4,11.0,respectively.Three aspects of teaching methods got the lowest scores:vivid (2.71 points out of 3.0 points),interaction (2.71 points out of 3.0 points) and flexibility (2.72 out of 3.0 points).Interview results demonstrated that students have diversified demand for teaching methods and expect to increase practice lessons and multimedia teaching as well as to effective communicate between teaching and learning.Conclusions Course of AIDS and drug abuse is accepted by students.As a whole,students are basically satisfied with teachers,however,teachers and related sectors should pay more attention to teaching method improvement and teaching skill enhancement.

Brain edema is a common pathophysiological response in clinical practice.Now it is considered that aquaporin-4 (AQP4) participates in the formation and regression of brain edema,the latest research results of its structure, distribution, expression and regulation have indicated that AQP4 plays all important role in brain edema.

Disuse-related osteopenia is mainly due to decrease of bone formation which relates closely to the changes of osteoblast function and differentiation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells which are multipotent cells present in bone marrow can differentiate into osteoblast. The factors which regulate the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were introduced. This will increase the understanding and aid in the prevention and treatments of bone loss to create a healthier life for astronauts and patients after disuse.

Streptomyces phage ?C31 integrase is a site-specific recombinase and introduce foreign gene to unidirectional recombination.Because of its integration mediated by ?C31 integrase without any cofactors and especially directed integration,it possesses high efficiency and stable expression of foreign gene.These advantages make it an attractive tool for genetic engineering.It has been widely used to transgene integration in mammalians and provides an opportunity to overcome the bottlenecks in the generation of transgenetic animals,such as random integration,low integral rate,low level of expression and so on.The ?C31 integrase will have a wide application in the near future.

Objective To discuss the value of essential hypertension arteriosclerosis as a predictor of early renal damage.Methods 90 cases of essential hypertension with early renal damage were selected and statistical analysis to result of AASI,Scr,ACR and eGFR with SPSS17.0、Excel statistical analysis software were carried out.Group A was defined as AASI≥0.55 and group B was defined as AASI＜0.55.Compared the two groups with relevant analysis,and then built multivariate linear regression equation.Results ① The group A showed higher age(P＜0.01),24 h DBP(P＜0.05),ACR(P＜0.01),ACR(+) rate(P＜0.01)and lower eGFR (P＜ 0.01),compared with the group B.②AASI showed a positive correlation with age (r＝ 0.483,P＝ 0.000),24 h SBP (r＝ 0.350,P ＝0.001),ACR (r＝0.474,P＝ 0.000),and a negative correlation with eGFR (r＝-0.383,P＝ 0.000).Two multiple linear regressions showed that AASI was associate with eGFR (B ＝-0.001,P＝ 0.038) and ACR(B ＝ 0.025,P ＝ 0.000) independent of other factors.Conclusion ①Arteriosclerosis is closely related with age and blood pressure mutation rate day and night.②Arteriosclerosis has a closely relationship with essential hypertension early renal damage,and can predict early renal damage in hypertension patients.

Objective To compare the difference of MRI characteristics of pilomyxoid astrocytomas (PMA)and pilocytic astrocy-tomas (PA)in hypothalamus/optic chiasma region.Methods The MR images and clinical materials of 20 PMAs and 20 PAs proved by pathology were reviewed retrospectively.Imaging characteristics and clinical materials were analyzed,including age,gender, size,the signal characteristics of the tumor,growth,enhancement pattern,hydrocephalus and leptomeningeal dissemination.Results There were statistically significant differences in streaky low signal intensity among the high intensity of T2 WI and leptomeningeal dissemination between PMA and PA (P <0.05).However,no statistically significant differences were found in the other character-istics and clinical materials between the two types of tumors.Conclusion PMA and PA in hypothalamus/optic chiasma region are difficult to make differential diagnosis.The streaky low signal intensity among the high intensity of T2 WI and more frequent lepto-meningeal dissemination are helpful differential features of PMA as compared to PA.

AIM: The expression of the mouse ? 2 microglobulin (? 2 m) in NIH3T3 cells transfected with the mouse ? 2m sense and antisense RNA was detected to clarify the effect of mouse ? 2m sense and antisense RNA on the expression of MHC classⅠgene. METHODS: The mouse sense and antisense RNA, pcDNA3-? 2mSN and pcDNA3-? 2mAN, were constructed and were transfected into NIH3T3 cells by lipofectamine. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of ? 2m in those cells. RESULTS: The expression of the mouse ? 2m in the cells transfected with pcDNA3-? 2mSN was increased, while it was decreased in those cells transfected with pcDNA3-? 2mAN. CONCLUSION: pcDNA3 -? 2mAN can downregulate the expression of the ? 2m in NIH3T3 cells.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to establish a new strategy for constructing the mouse ? 2m gene targeting vector in order to increase the homologous recombination frequency in contrast with our previous one, which was successfully constructed in the normal way.METHODS: A 4.2 kb 3' arm and a 0.8 kb 5' arm were amplified by PCR from the mouse ? 2m-pSV2△HXgpt genomic clone. They included the start region and the three exons, which were separated into two parts from exons 2 (the main coding block) for the two arms——5' arm and 3' arm.RESULTS: The two fragments, in reverse orientation to the Neo gene, were cloned into pPNT respectively on either side of Neo. They were identified by PCR, restriction analysis and sequence analysis as well. CONCLUSION: The mouse ? 2m gene targenting vector has been cloned successfully.