Objective:To make full use of existing variables set,study on the dynamic connection between economic growth,health input and investment benefits.Methods:Using Factor Augmented VAR(FAVAR) to draw common factors and perform VAR estimation with the variables sets.Results:The impact of economic growth on health output had two sides.Increasing health input would significantly stimulate health output and economic growth.The increase of health level would promote economic growth in short time and hamper in the long run.Conclusion:The government should increase health input and consider the health loss brought by economic growth.It should prevent the not rich but old risk with the pursuit of health benefit.

Objective To analyze reasons for the generation of unqualified blood specimens in coagulation test in tumor patients and to develop countermeasures ,so as to ensure the quality of samples prior to analysis .Methods Blood specimens received from outpatients in Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province in 2012(40 253 specimens) ,2013(46 756 specimens) and first quarter of 2014 (14 566 specimens)were retrospectively analysed .Unqualified rate was used to describe situation of unqualified specimens ,and the distribution and changes of unqualified specimens were compared among the three years .Results The unqualified rate of blood specimens in coagulation test in 2012 and 2013 was 0 .57% and 0 .96% ,respectively .Reasons for unqualified blood specimens in 2012 was ,in order ,specimens agglutination ,insufficient amount of specimen ,excessive amount of specimen ,wrong container ,no specimen .Reasons for unqualified blood specimens in 2013 was ,in order ,specimens agglutination ,insufficient amount of specimen , excessive amount of specimen ,bar code error ,contaminated specimen ,wrong container ,no specimen ,hematocrit≥55% ,repeated in‐spection .Conclusion Coagulation test requires high quality specimen and quality assurance prior to analysis is particularly impor‐tant .The clinical laboratories should strengthen the links between the nursing and clinical departments ,timely communicate and feedback situation of unqualified specimens ,find the cause together and develop and implement effective improvement measures ,in order to ensure the quality of specimens on the steps before analysis .

The article analyses the actualities and causes of present-day college students'vocational values.Then it elaborates how to guide college students to have correct vocational values.Teaching college students' vocational values is a comprehensive work over a long period of time.

Objective:To investigate the activated state of TH1/TH2 cytokines and T lymphocytes and to explore the pathogenesis of ankylosing sondylitis.Methods:Cytokine levels of Th1(IFN-?、TNF-?、IL-2)and Th2(IL-10、IL-5、IL-4) in plasma, percentages of CD3 +、CD4 +、CD8 + T cells、B cells(CD19 +) NK cells(CD16 +56 +)and CD3 +HLA-DR +、CD4 +HLA-DR +、CD8 +HLA-DR + T cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes were detected by Flow Cytometry.Results:In patients with AS ,plasma levels of TNF-?、IL-2 were significantly lower than that of healthy controls. IL-10 were significantly higher than that of healthy controls. In AS patients, percentages of CD3 +and CD8 + T cell from peripheral blood lymphocytes were significantly lower than that of healthy controls. Percentages of CD8 +HLA-DR + T cell were significantly lower than that of healthy controls. CD4 +HLA-DR +T cell was significantly highter than that of healthy controls.Conclusion:In patients with AS , lower levels of TNF-?、 IL-2 and higher level IL-10 at plasma indicate an inclination between TH1 and TH2, such as an impaired TH1 cytokine profile and an activated TH2 cytokine profile, especially in TNF-?.

Animals ; Female ; Hippocampus ; physiology ; Learning ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Male ; Memory ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; psychology ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution

The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalogram (TMS-EEG) is an effective means for understanding the network of brain functions.The development of TMS-EEG,however,has been hampered by strong TMS-induced artifacts in the electrode leads.This article first introduces the TMS technology and expounds the causes of TMS-induced artifacts.According to the source of the artifact,the study reviews the artifact removing methods reported in the recent ten years regarding TMS discharge,muscle artifacts and auditory artifacts and residual artifacts.Perspectives of the related techniques are introduced at the end of the article.It is expectable that there will be a great breakthrough not only on the TMS theory but also in clinical research due to the attractive prospect in application and high research value of TMS.TMS-induced artifacts will be well solved at that time.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in community residents in Xicheng District of Beijing. Methods A total of 834 permanent residents were se-lected for the survey. The values of height, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum uric acid (UA), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipopro-tein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were recorded. Subjects were divided into HUA and non-HUA groups. Based on four components of MS, subjects were divided into (1) MS0 group (no any component of MS), (2) MS1 group (one component of MS), (3) MS2 group (two components of MS), (4) MS3 (three components of MS) and (5) MS4 group (four components of MS). The relation-ship of HUA and components of MS was analyzed. Results The total prevalence of hyperuricemia was 12.0%in 834 sub-jects. The prevalence of hyperuricemia were significantly higher in male subjects than those of female subjects[21.8%(83/381) vs 3.8%(17/453),χ2=63.765,P<0.01]. Values of BMI, SBP, DBP, TC and TG were significantly higher in HUA group than those of non-HUA group (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in levels of HDL-C and FPG between two groups. The prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia were significantly higher in HUA group than those of non-HUA group (P<0.01). The prevalence of HUA gradually increased with the accumulation of MS components (χ2=46.347, P<0.01). Conclusion Hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome are closely related. We should pay more attention to monitor the serum uric acid levels.

Objective To investigate the effects of botulinum toxin type A on the proliferation,apoptosis and ERK/MAPK signaling pathway of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in vitro.Methods Fibroblasts were isolated from human hypertrophic scar and cultured by tissue explant method.The cells were divided into control and botulinum toxin type A groups.The botulinum toxin group A was cultured in DMEM medium containing 0.4U/L botulinum toxin type A.The control group was cultured with DMEM alone.Cell proliferation was measured by CCK8 kit at days 1,3,5 and 7 and compared within groups.Apoptosis of fibroblasts was detected by flow cytometry which treated with botulinum toxin and control group.Western blot was used to detect the relative expression of collagen Ⅰ,p-ERK1/2 and total ERK protein in fibroblasts of control,botulinum toxin type A and U0126 groups.Results Botulinum toxin type A could significantly inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts,the number of cells was only 68.9％ in the control group at 7th days.The apoptotic rate of botulinum toxin type A was 35.9％,which was significantly higher than that of the control group.ERK 1/2 protein expression in the three groups was not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05),while p-ERK 1/2 expression in the control group was still significantly higher,but the p-EKR 1/2 in botulinum toxin type A and U0126 group was significantly inhibited.Collagen Ⅰ was highly expressed in the control group,which was significantly higher than that in the botulinum toxin type A and U0126 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Botulinum toxin type A can inhibit the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway and increased fibroblasts apoptosis,decreased proliferation activity and collagen Ⅰ secretion.

Objective: To study the change of cyclic nucleotide in brain of rats induced by acute stress Method: The concentration of cAMP and cGMP in frontal lob, hippcampus, midbrain and hypothalamus were measured in 1 and 3 hours after stress respectively Results:The concentration of cGMP in hippcampus and hypothalamus were significantly higher than that of control group at 1 hour after stress (P

Objective: By constructing the cash flow model, it proposed the premium adjustment mechanism of critical illness insurance(CII). Methods: Based on the practical data of critical illness insurance in China, it established some actuarial assumptions and cash flow model to simulate and analyze premium adjustment mechanism of CII. Results: ( 1) Because of the deterioration of critical illness incidence rate and the change of market interest rates , CII guaranteed premium usually resents pricing risk, which showed that the cash flow is negative, sometimes accumulated cash is negative; (2) based on the criteria of insurance cost adjustment, it is suggested that when the loss rate reached more than 70%, which could permit the insurance company adjust the premium, if the loss rate reached more than 80%, it needs to compulsory the insurance companies to adjust premium. Conclusion: The study proposes the mechanism of CII premium adjustment, provides guidance for practice.