The hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) results can reflect the average level of blood glucose over the past 2-3 months,its clinical application value is transforming from evaluation indicator to diagnosis indicator.The application of HbA1c as a diagnostic indicator of diabetes is limited by many factors,such as multi-factor influence on measurement and its late start on standardization process in our country,optimal cut-point and the defect of HbA1c existing in the molecular level,etc.Therefore,clarifying the limitations of HbA1c in the practical application is of great significance for its clinical application.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of different concentration of iodized salt for preventing iodine deficiency disorders. Methods Using the principle and method of systematic review, we searched Cochrane Library(from 1994 to Mar. 2007), Medline(from 1966 to Mar. 2007), BA(from 1969 to Mar. 2007), PubMed(from 1950 to Mar. 2007), OC1D(from 1950 to Mar. 2007), ISI Web of Knowledge(from 1966 to Mar. 2007), Vip (from 1989 to Mar. 2007), Wanfang(from 1997 to Mar. 2007), CBMDisc(from 1978 to Mar. 2007) and CNKI(1994 to Mar. 2007) and hand searched 6 relevant Chinese journals, including Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine, Chinese Journal of Endemiology, Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Disease, Endemic Diseases Bulletin and Modern Preventive Medicine. We screened the for eligible studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria to be rigorously evealuatecl descriptly and qualitatively. Results Thirteen studies were included, of which, the first six were intervention trials with comparison, including two community intervention trials, which classified all objects into different groups, using iodized salt at different concentration as intervention, four were RCTs with different intervention methods, compare the iodized salt with other intervention measures. Seven were cross-sectional studies, which analyzed the iodine nutrition of people after the concentration of iodized salt was lowered down. Because of different interventions in control groups and different outcome measures, it was difficult to perform recta-analysis, a descriptive analysis of the results was presented. Most studies showed that urinary iodine level decreased as the concentration of iodized salt went down gradually. When the concentration of iodized salt went down to the best level recommended, goiter rate decreased obviously. Conclusions Iodized salt was considered as the hest method of iodine supply to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. But effectiveness of preventing iodine deficiency disorders with various concentration of iodized salt is different. To lower the concentration of iodized salt properly can not only prevent iodine deficiency disorders but also reduce the side effect of excess iodine intake to the minimum. And it can also save a lot of iodine resource. Well-designed community-based intervention trials with large sample size are needed to confirm the effect of different concentration of iodized salt on preventing iodine deficiency disorder.

4-Hydroxycoumarins ; poisoning ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rodenticides ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To Analyze the examination meaning of b-type brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP),homocysteine and coagulation-fibrinolysis indexes for patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Selected 40 patients with acute cerebral infarction (experimental group) to hospital from March 2014 to May 2015 and 40 healthy check-up cases (control group).Then,compared the indicators in blood between the two groups of patients,namely homocysteine (Hcy),NT-proBNP,activated clotting time live enzymes enzyme (APTT),original activator inhibitory factor (PAI-1) and tissuetype fibrinolytic enzyme original activator (tPA).Meanwhile,also compared these indicators for the experimental group before and after treatment.Results Before treatment,the levels of Hcy,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for experiment group were 17.7±3.6 μmol/L,29.4±7.9 μmol/L,3 212.8±2 511.4 ng/L,130.1±17.8 μmol/L and 37.8±4.5 s,respectively.The levels of Hey,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for control group were 7.2± 2.1 μmol/L,15.1 ± 3.7 μmol/ L,198.7 ± 1 14.8 ng/L,67.8 ± 7.9 μmol/L and 37.8 ± 4.5 s,respectively.After treatment,the levels of Hcy,t-PA,NT-proBNP,PAI-1 and ATPP for experiment group were 12.2±1.5 μmol/L,18.2±2.3 μmol/L,348.7±194.8 ng/L,78.6±9.8 μmol/L and 32.2±4.5 s,respectively.Before treatment,the indicator of APTT for experiment patients was significantly shorter than it after treatment and that of the control group.The other four indicators were significantly higher than them after treatment and those of the control group.The differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Hcy,NT-proBNP,APTT,PAI-1,and t-PA had closely relation with the occurrence of acute cerebral infarction development,and they can be helpful to evaluate disease progression and predict prognosis for patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Adult ; Anemia, Macrocytic ; etiology ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans

Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Amyloidosis ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; pathology ; Muscular Atrophy ; pathology ; Scleroderma, Systemic ; pathology ; Young Adult

Animals ; Bufo bufo ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Blood Circulation ; physiology ; Blood Physiological Phenomena ; Lymph ; chemistry ; physiology ; Lymphatic System ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rheology

Objective To explore the role of process management in preventing peripheral central venous catheter (PICC)-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI). Methods A standard process management policy was established for the uniform management of PICC in our hospital. The incidences of CRBSI before and after the implementation of this policy were compared. Results The incidences of CRBSI was 6.0‰ (48/79 793 ) every 1000 catheter-days before process management and 2.9‰ (29/99643) after process management (P =0.000).Conclusion Standard process management can effectively prevent and control CRBSI caused by PICC.

Objective To investigate the effect of luxS inactivation on the oxidative stress of Streptococcus mutans and perform preliminary analysis of potential mechanism.Methods Strains were grown to mid-logarithmic phase and divided into three groups,one was used as control and inoculated into normal TPY medium,and the other two groups were experimental groups,and there were separately inoculated into TPY containing 58.8 mmol/L hydrogen peroxideor TPY containing 58.8 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide and 0.1 mmol/L 2,2'-dipyridyl.The survival rate of strain was calculated at 0.5,1,and 2 h.All the data were statistically analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,the survival rate of luxS mutation was always higher than standard strain at all pre-determined time inexperimental groups (P＜0.05),and compared with experimental group without iron chelator,the survival rate of strains was not raised with the added of iron chelator (P＞0.05).Conclusion luxS gene is involved in oxidative stress tolerance of Streptococcus mutans,and the oxidative stress tolerance is not achieved by avoiding the toxic effects of the Fenton reaction